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职称英语1
2011职称英语《卫生类A级》冲刺卷及答案
（1）
第1部分：
词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1 Themanagergaveustheidenticalcottageeachsummer.
Atemporary Bsimilar
Csame Dattractive
2 Maryhasderivedagooddealofbenefitfromherjob.
Aobtained Baccepted
Cbribed Dproduced
3 Heischarming;nevertheless,Idon'tquitetrusthim.
Ahowever Btherefore
Cdespite Dafterwards
4 Herbehaviourisextremelychildish.
Asimple Bimmature
Cbeautiful Dpretty
5 Eveninamodernizedcountry,manualworkisstillneeded.
Ahard Bmental
Csimple Dphysical
6 Shecameupwithanewideaforincreasingsales.
Arejected Bthoughtof
Caccepted Dcriticized
7 Hetalkedaboutthefeasibilityofsettingupanexperimentalschoolinwhicheachchildworksathisorherownpace.
Apracticability Cnecessity
Bpossibility Dreliability
8 It'sanunpleasantaffair;inspiteofthis,wecan'tchangeit.
Aineffect Binaddition
CasamatteroffactDstill
9 Althoughtheargumentswererational,hewasnotconvinced
Asensitive Btrue
Creasonable Dpersuasive
10Allmembersoftheassociationadheretoastrictcodeofpractice.
Ainsiston Bstickto
Cdependon Daddto
11Butultimatelyhegavein.
Aintheend Bsurely
Ccertainly Dlately
12Withregardtofutureoilsupplies,thesituationisuncertain.
AJudging BTalking
CConcerning DThinking
13Mozartshowedaparticularaptitudeformusicwhenhewasyoung
Atalent Bfondness
Caffection Dpassion
14Theywillcutbackexpenditureonunnecessaryitems
Astop Bcontinue
Cshorten Dreduce
15Thereisnoreasonwhyyoushouldn'ttellthembeforehandthatyouareleaving
Ainadvance Bahead
Cbeforelong Dearly
第2部分：
阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
AIDS
TheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO）saysasmanyas10millionpersonsworldwidemayhavethevirusthatcausesAIDS（艾滋病）.Expertsbelieveabout350thousandpersonshavethedisease.Andonemillionmoremaygetitinthenextfiveyears.IntheUnitedStates,about50,000personshavediedwithAIDS.Thecountry'stopmedicalofficialsaysmorethan90percentofallAmericanswhohadtheAIDSvirusfiveyearsagoaredead.
ThereisnocureforAIDSandnovaccine（疫苗）topreventit.However,researchersknowmuchmoreaboutAIDSthantheydidjustafewyearsago.WenowknowthatAIDSiscausedbyavirus.Thevirusinvadeshealthycells,includingwhitebloodcellsthatarepartofourdefensesystemagainstdisease.Ittakescontrolofthehealthycell'sgenetic（基因的）materialandforcesthecelltomakeacopyofthevirus.Thecellthendies.Andtheviralparticlesmoveontoinvadeandkillhealthiercells.
TheAIDSvirusiscarriedinaperson'sbodyfluids（液体）.Theviruscanbepassedsexuallyorbysharinginstrumentsusedtotakeintravenous（进入静脉的）drugs.ItalsocanbepassedinbloodproductsorfromapregnantwomanwithAIDStoherdevelopingbaby.
ManystoriesaboutthespreadofAIDSarefalse.YoucannotgetAIDSbyworkingorattendingschoolwithsomeonewhohasthedisease.Youcannotgetitbytouchingdrinkingglassesorotherobjectsusedbysuchpersons.ExpertssaynoonehasgottenAIDSbylivingwith,caringforortouchinganAIDSpatient.
16AccordingtotheWHO,therearenow10millionAIDSpatientsintheworld.
A RightB WrongC Notmentioned
17AmericahasthelargestnumberofAIDSpatientsintheworld.
A RightB WrongC Notmentioned
18ThecauseofAIDSremainsamysterytoresearchers.
A RightB WrongC Notmentioned
19AIDSpatientstodaycannotbecuredyet.
A RightB WrongC Notmentioned
20ApregnantwomanwithAIDScannotpassthevirustoherdevelopingbaby.
A RightB WrongC Notmentioned
21ItisunlikelythattheAidsviruswillbepassedthroughhandshaking.
A RightB WrongC Notmentioned
22MenaremoreeasilyinfectedwithAIDSthanwomen.
A RightB WrongC Notmentioned
第3部分：
概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：
（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题;
（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。
请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上.
OldManMythsandRealities
1 Whendoesamiddle-agedmanbecomeanoldman?
Officially,ofcourse,it'swhenwereachretirementage.But,asweallknow,thisisafairlyblunt（生硬的）methodofdecisionmaking.Aslifeexpectancy（预期寿命）increases,retirementplanningneedstobechanged.Thisisbecausebeinganoldmantodayisverydifferentfromwhatitwasagenerationorsoago.
2 Sixty-fiveisthenewmiddle-agedman.Thesedayspeoplearetalkingabouttheyoung-old,thatisages70-75,andthoseover75astheold-old.Theyoung-oldfrequentlycontinueingoodhealthandmaintainstronglinkswithfriendsandfamily.Theold-oldhaveamuchhigherchanceofpoorhealthandsocialisolation.
3 Althoughmenarelivinglonger,therearestillmoreoldwomenthanoldmen.Thisfactaloneshouldarouseinterestastowhy.Relativelylittleisactuallyknownaboutwhythisisthecaseorabouttheexperiencesoftheoldman.Sure,weareawarethattheoldmanexperiencesanxiety,financialproblems,loneliness,etc.,butthat'sreallyaboutallweknow.
4 Itisusuallybelievedthattheoldmanoftencomplainsabouttheirhealth.Infact,mostratetheirhealthasgoodeventhoughmostarediagnosedwithatleastonechronicillness.Thephysicalhealthoftheoldmanisstronglyaffectedbytheirhealthbehaviorwhentheywereyounger.
1 Paragraph1 .
2 Paragraph2 .
3 Paragraph3 .
4 Paragraph4 .
A Newdefinitionsoftheoldman
B Changingconceptoftheoldman
C Healthoftheoldman
D Happyoldmanandsadoldman
E Limitedknowledgeoftheoldman'sexperiences
F Contemptfortheoldman
5 Nowadaysmengenerallylivelongerthan .
6 Amaninhismid-60sisnowregardedas .
7 Moreresearchshouldbedoneontheexperiencesof .
8 Mostoldmenconsiderthemselvestobe .
A ingoodhealth
B inthepast
C inthewrong
D theoldman
E amiddle-agedman
F ayoungman
第4部分：
阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。
请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇
ANewCauseofSuffering
Aconferenceonobesity（肥胖症）wasrecentlyheldinVienna.Twothousandexpertsfrommorethanfiftycountriesattendedtheconference.Accordingtostatistics,1.2billionpeopleworldwideareoverweight,and250millionaretoofat.Obesityisrapidlybecominganewcauseofsuffering.
ProfessorFriedrichhopichlerofSalzbergsaid:
"wearelivinginthenewagebutwiththemetabolism（新陈代谢）ofastone-ageman.IhavejustbeentotheUnitedStates.Itisreallyterrible.Apizza（比萨饼）shopisappearingoneverycorner.WehavebeenoccupiedbyfastfoodandCoca-Cola-ization."
Manyoftheexpertsstressedthatobesitywasapotentialkiller.Hopichlersaid:
"eightypercentofalldiabetics（糖尿病人）aretoofat,alsofiftypercentofallpatientswithhighbloodpressureandfiftypercentwithfattytissuecomplaints.Tenpercentmoreweightmeansthirteenpetcentmoreriskofheartdisease.Reducingone'sweightbytenpercentleadstothirteenpercentlowerbloodpressure."
AnotherexpertHermannToplaksaidthatthestatehealthservicesshouldimprovetheirfinancingofpreventiveprograms."thehealthinsurancepaysforsurgery（suchasreducingthesizeofthestomach）whenthebody-massindex（身体质量指数）ismorethan40.Thatisequivalenttoaweightof116kilogramsforaheightof1.60meters.Oneshouldstartearlier."
Toplaksaidtatpreventionshouldbegininschool."ChildobesityhasacloserelationwiththetimewhichchildrenspendinfrontofTVsets."
1 Howmanypeoplearesufferingfromobesityintheworld?
A 250,000,000
B 25,000,000
C 1,200,000,000
D 120,000,000
2 theunitedstatesiscitedasacountrywhere
A obesityisnotaproblematall.
B youcanfindmanynewthings.
C terriblethingshappenallthetime.
D itiseasytobuyfastfood.
3 accordingtothearticle,obesityisassociatedwithallthefollowingEXCEPT
A highbloodpressure.
B fattytissuecomplaints.
C stomachache
D heartdisease
4 HermannToplaksuggestedthatmoremoneyshouldbespenton
A surgery
B fatpeople
C preventiveprograms
D statehealthservices.
5 inToplak'sopinion,themoretimeachildspendswatchingTV
A thebetterhewilldoinhisstudies
B themorelikelyhewillgettoofat
C thelesslikelyhewillgettoofat
D themorefriendshewillhaveatschool
第二篇
HighStressMayDamageMemory
AccordingtoareportissuedinMay1998,elderlypeoplewhoconsistentlyhighbloodlevelsofthestresshormone.What'smore,highlevelsofcortisolarealsoassociatedwithshrinkingofthehippocampus（海马区）,aregionofthebrainthatplaysakeyroleinlearningandmemory.
Thefindingssuggestthatevencortisollevelsinthenormal,"healthy"rangecanactuallyacceleratebrainaging.
Thestudyresults"nowprovidesubstantialevidencethatlong-termexposuretoadrenal（肾上腺）stresshormonesmaypromotehippocampalaginginnormalelderlyhumans,"writeNadaporterandPhillipLandfield.Cortisolisahormonereleasesinresponsetostressbytheadrenalglands（腺）,whichsitontopofthekidneys（肾）.
Overa5-to6-yearperiod,dr.Sonialupineandhiscolleaguesmeasures24-hourcortisollevels
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