Unit Six The Making of a Surgeon.docx

Unit Six The Making of a Surgeon.docx

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UnitSixTheMakingofaSurgeon

UnitSixTheMakingofaSurgeon

一.KeyWord

1.making:

n.

a）theprocessofapersonorthingthatmakes

E.g.ThemakingoftheEnglishlanguageisaninterestingsubject.

b）themeansorcauseofsuccessorgreatimprovementoradvancement

E.g.Hardworkwillbethemakingofyou.

2.surgeon:

n.

a）doctor

E.g.Manyliveshavebeensavedbythisfamoussurgeon.

b）surgery:

（n.）operation

E.g.Cancerusuallyrequiressurgery.

c）surgical:

（adj）

E.g.Asurgeonalwayswearsasurgicalmaskintheoperationroom.

3.conclude:

vt.

a）arriveatabelieforopinionbyreasoning

E.g.Thecommanderconcluded,fromtheevidence,thattheenemyflednorth.

b）comeorbringtoanend

E.g.TheOlympicGamesisscheduledtoconcludeonAugust23.

c）arrange;bringabout

E.g.Thetwocountriesconcludedapeacetreaty.

4.critical:

a.

a）importantatatimeofdangeranddifficulty

E.g.Heroesemergeatcriticalmomentinhistory.

b）fault-finding

E.g.Hehaswrittenseveralcriticalarticlesonthefilm.

5.particular:

a.

a）singleanddifferentfromothers;ofacertainsort

E.g.Hewasn'twatchingusatallatthatparticularmoment.

b）Worthyofnotice;special;unusual

E.g.TheparticularnatureofhisjobkeepsJamesBondonguardallthetime.

c）detailed;exact

E.g.Givemeafullandparticulardescriptionofwhathappened.

d）（about）showing（too）muchcareorinterest;hardtoplease

E.g.Womenareusuallyparticularastowhattheywear.

6.case:

n.

a）instanceofdiseaseorinjury

E.g.Emergencycasesmustbetreatedfirst.

b）actualstateofaffairs,instanceoftheoccurrenceofsth.

E.g.SufferingcanhavebeneficialresultsandcertainlyIknowthatwastrueinmycase.

c）questiontobedecidedinalawcourt

E.g.Thecaseisstillunderpoliceinvestigation.

7.constant:

adj.&n.

a）（a.）happeningallthetime

E.g.Therentislowbecauseoftheconstantnoisefromthemill.

b）（a.）remainingthesame

E.g.Iwonderifloveisconstant.

c）（a.）faithful

E.g.Healoneremainsconstanttothequick-temperedmusician.

8.resolve:

v.&n.

a）（v.）solve,putanendto

E.g.Actingasanadvisor,heresolvedthedoubtsamongus.

b）（v.）decidefirmly,determine

E.g.Heresolvedthatnothingwouldholdhimback.

c）（n.）sth.thathasbeendecided,decision

E.g.OnNewYear'sDay,hemadearesolvetogojoggingtwiceaweek.

9.sound:

adj.

a）correct,basedongoodjudgement

E.g.Youcandependonherforasoundjudgement.

b）healthy,ingoodcondition

E.g.Herheartisassoundasadrum.

10.handle:

v.&n.

a）（v.）manage,dealwith

E.g.Anofficermustknowhowtohandlemen.

b）（v.）touch,takeup

E.g.Thestampcollectorwasheshishandbeforehandlingstamps.

c）（v.）operate,direct,train

E.g.Aftertwomonths'training,theworkernowhandlesthemachinewithease.

d）（n.）partofatool,cup,door,drawer,etc.bywhichitmaybeheldinthehand

E.g.Holdthehandlebarofabiketightly,youwon'tfalldown.

11.anticipate:

vt

a）seeanddowhatisnecessary

E.g.Agoodteachershouldanticipatewhatthestudentsneed.

b）expect

E.g.Ianticipatehisarrivalwithmuchpleasure.

12.bother:

v.&n.

a）（vt.）annoy,trouble

E.g.Iamsorryforbotheringyouwithsomanyquestions.

b）（vi.）worry

E.g.Idon'tseeanyreasonforbotheringwithsuchapettymatter.

c）（n.）worry,trouble

E.g.Whatalotofbotheraboutnothing!

二.UsefulPhrases

1.drawtoaclose/anend:

cometoanend;conclude

E.g.Thesummervacationindrawingtoaclose.

2.livewith:

accept（sthunpleasant）

E.g.Youmustlivewiththefactthatyouarenolongerashealthyasyouare.

3.dwellon/upon:

thinkabout,speakorwritealotabout

E.g.Itdoesn'tdotodwelltoomuchonone'sshortcomings.

4.beboundto:

becertainto

E.g.Lookatthecloudlesssky!

Itisboundtoclearup.

5.butterfliesonone'sstomach:

afeelingoffearoranxious

E.g.Whenherturnfortheoraltestcame,shesuddenlyhadbutterfliesinherstomach.

6.inadvance:

beforeoraheadoftime

E.g.There'salwaysagreatdemandfortickets,you'dbetterbookyourseatswellinadvance.

7.siton:

donothingabout,neglect

E.g.It'sunfortunatethatourdirectorsimplysatonoursuggestionanddidnothingaboutit.

三.SynonymDiscrimination

1.treatcure

treat:

Toacceptasapatient,todiagnoseillnessandtohelprelieveit

cure:

tobringbacktohealth,stressingthepositiveresultofmedicaltreatment

E.g.Thebonefractureinthetruckdriver'sleftlegwasbeingcarefullytreated.

Doctorsandscientistsmaydiscoveratanymomentnowhowtocurecancer.

2.encountermeet

encounter:

moreformalword;stronglytoimplyacasualorunexpectedmeeting.

meet:

commonword.toseepeople

E.g.Heencounteredmanydifficultiesanhisjourneyaroundtheworld.

Hepromisedtomeetherattheairport.

Period3-4

I.BackgroundInformation

Abouttheauthor.

Dr.WilliamA.Nolen（1928-1986）,awell-knownAmericanSurgeonandwriter.

Threetypesofdoctors

1）Generalpractitioners

Ageneralpractitionercaresforpatientswithallkindsofillness.Hemaynothavespecialtraininginanyonefieldofmedicine,butdevelopsawideknowledgeofallkindsofillness.Hedeliversbabies,diagnosesdiseases,performssurgery,andsetsbrokenbones.Thegeneralpractitioneroftenbecomesextremelyskillfulintheartofmedicalpractice.

2）Specialists

Certainfieldsofmedicinerequirespecialadvancedtrainingandskill.Onespecialististhesurgeon,whotreatsdiseasesbymeansofsurgicaloperations.

Somedoctorsprefertotreatonlycertainkindsofillness,thusbecomingspecialistsintheirchosenfields.Otherdoctorsoftenconsultthemwhenapatientneedstheirspecialskillandknowledge.Forexample,ageneralpractitionermightreferapregnantwomantoanobstetrician.Theobstetriciancaresforheranddeliversherbaby.

３）Researchers

Somedoctorsdonotpracticemedicineaftertheycompletemedicaltraining.Theyprefertodevotetheirtimetomedicalresearch.Thesedoctorsoftenhelpteachfuturephysiciansinmedicalschools.Atthesametime,theyusethelaboratoriesandhospitalfacilitiesofthemedicalschooltoconductresearchprograms.

Manymedicalresearchersworkinlargehospitalcenters,whilemanyphysiciansconductresearchprogramsinadditiontotheirprivatepractices.

II.Warm-upQuestionsandOralPractice

Pre-readingquestions:

SamuelJohnson,thefamous18thcenturyEnglishscholar,says,‘self-confidenceisthefirstrequisitetogreatundertakings.’Giveabriefcommentonthissaying.

Areyouaself-confidentperson?

Ifyes,whathasmadeyouconfidentofyourself?

Ifno,whathasmadeyoulackinginself-confidence?

Inyouropinion,howcanapersonlackinginself-confidencebecomeself-confident?

IIImainidea

ReadthetextquicklyandWorkingroupstogetthemainideaofeachpart.

Teachertellsthemainideaofeachpart.

AnswerthequestionsofP144

Ineachgroup,everypersonarerequiredtoanswer2-3questions.（10minutes）

P143comprehensionofthetext.

Post-readingquestions:

WhatquestiondidDr.Nolenaskhimselfastheyearofhischiefresidencycametoanend?

Whatwashisanswer?

Whywasthedoctorabletosleepwellinthelastmonthofhisresidency?

Whatdoyouthinkofhisattitudetowardserrors?

DoyouagreewithDr.Nolenthatasurgeonneedsconceit?

Doyouthinkallconceitedpeoplewilldowellintheirword?

Whyorwhynot?

IV.TextStructureAnalysis

Outlineofthetexts

ThisarticleiswrittenbyDr.WilliamNolen.Dr.Nolenisawell-knownAmericansurgeonandwriter.Herevealstousinhisarticlethathe,asadoctor,hadgonealongwaybeforehebecameasurgeon.Then,whatquality,accordingtoDr.Nolen,isessentialinthemakingofasurgeonandatwhatpointoftimedoesadoctorfinallybecomeasurgeon?

PartI.（Para1-2）Theauthorraisesthequestionandgivestheanswer.（Confidenceisthekeytosuccess.）

PartII.（Para.3-6）Theauthorsupportsthemainideabygivingexamples.

PartIII.Para.7Theauthorrepeatsandstrengthensthemainidea.（Conceitencouragesadoctorintryingmoments.）

Summaryofthetext

FromDr.WilliamNolenownexperienceandpractice,hetellsushowtobecomeasuccessfulsurgeon.Accordingtohim,self-confidenceisessentialinthemakingofasurgeon,andonlywhenadoctorhasbuiltupperfectconfidenceinhimselforherself,willheorshereallybeasurgeon.Thatistosay,tomakeasurgeon,heorshetriestoovercomeanxiety,hesitation,worry,andfear.Finally,whenheorshefeelsveryconfident,heorshewillbeaperfectsurgeon.

Period5-6DetailedStudy:

LanguagePoints

Themakingofasurgeon

Thetitlemeans“Thecauseofasurgeon’ssuccess.”

Translatedas“外科医生的成功之道”

“making”meansofgainingsuccess“成功之道”;e.g.

①Theperseverancewasthemakingofthewriter.

（坚忍不拔是这位作家成功的因素。

）

而inthemaking=intheprocessofbeingmade;readytobeproduced“在制造中，在酝酿中”；e.g.

②Ourplansarestillinthemaking.

（我们的计划还在酝酿之中。

）

另外，makings=thequalitiesneeded（具有）成为…所需的素质；e.g.

Hehasthemakingsofagooddoctor.

（他具有成为好医生的素质。

）

Para.1-2

Listentothetapeandfindtheanswerstothequestions

1.WhatquestiondidDr.Nolenaskhimselfastheyearofhischiefresidencycametoanend?

2.Whatwashisanswer?

Howdoesadoctorrecognizethepointintime（whenheisfinallya“surgeon”）?

AsmyyearaschiefresidentdrewtoacloseIaskedmyselfthisquestiononmorethanoneoccasion.

Theanswer,Iconcluded,wasself-confidence.Whenyoucansaytoyourself,“ThereisnosurgicalpatientIcannottreatcompetently,treatjustaswellasorbetterthananyothersurgeon”—t