原形 过去式.docx
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原形过去式
原形过去式
flyflew
throwthrew
blowblew
feedfed
paypaid
sellsold
understandunderstood
findfound
makemade
learnlearnt
hearheard
loselost
sitsit
getgot
forgetforgot
spendspent
lendlent
buildbuilt
catchcaught
bringbrought
buybought
fightflight
thinkthought
teachtaught
feelfelt
spellspelt
leaveleft
sleepsleept
sweepswept
keepkept
meetmet
singsang
ringrang
beginbegan
drinkdrank
swimswam
ecame
beebecame
runran
cancould
maymight
shallshould
willwould
AAA型 过去式、过去分词与原形一致
原形 过去式 过去分词 词义
cut cut cut 切、割
shut shut shut 关、闭(门窗)
put put put 放置
let let let 让
set set set 设置
hit hit hit 撞击
hurt hurt hurt 受伤;疼痛
cost cost cost 值…钱;花费
read[ri:
d] read[red] read[red] 朗读;阅读
AAB型 过去式与原形一致
beat beat beaten 击败
ABA型 过去分词与原形一致
run ran run 跑步;逃跑
e came e 来
bee became bee 变得;成为
ABB型 过去式与过去分词一致
buy bought bought 买
fight fought fought 打架;打仗
think thought thought 想;认为
seek sought sought 寻找;探究
bring brought brought 带来
catch caught caught 抓住;接住
teach taught taught 教;教书
lend lent lent 借出
send sent sent 送;派遣
spend spent spent 花费(时间、金钱)
build built built 建设;建立
feel felt felt 感觉;摸起来
leave left left 离开
keep kept kept 保持;保留
sleep slept slept 睡觉
oversleep overslept overslept 睡过头
sweep swept swept 打扫
mean[mi:
n] meant[ment] meant[ment] 意思就是
learn learnt/learned learn/learned 学;学会
burn burnt/burned burnt/burned 燃烧;烧伤
hear[hiE] heard[hE:
d] heard[hE:
d] 听见
lead led led 领导;致使
mislead misled misled 把…引错方向
feed fed fed 喂养;喂食
flee fled fled 逃跑
meet met met 遇见;碰到
shoot shot shot 射击
light lit/lighted lit/lighted 点燃
get got got 获得;得到
win won won 获胜;赢得
sit sat sat 坐下
dig dug dug 挖掘
stick stuck stuck 刺;戳
hang hung hung 悬挂
hang hanged hanged 绞死
sell sold sold 出售
tell told told 告诉
smell smelt smelt 闻;嗅
spell spelt spelt 拼写
hold held held 拿着;握住
find found found 找到;发现stand stood stood 站立
understand understood understood 理解
lay laid laid 下蛋
pay paid paid 付款
say[sei] said[sed] said[sed] 说
have/has had had 有
make made made 制作
shine shone/shined shone/shined 照耀
lose[lu:
z] lost[lRst] lo[lRst] 丢失
ABC型 原形、过去式、过去分词不一致
begin began begun 开始
drink drank drunk 喝;饮
ring rang rung 铃(响);打电话
sing sang sung 唱歌
sink sank sunk 下沉
swim swam swum 游泳
blow blew blown 吹;刮风
fly flew flown 飞;放(风筝)
know knew[nju:
] known 知道;懂得
grow grew grown 种植;生长
throw threw thrown 扔;投
draw drew drawn 绘画
show showed shown 出示;给…瞧
break broke broken 打破;不服从
speak spoke spoken 说话
steal stole stolen 偷
choose chose chosen 选择
freeze froze frozen 冻结
wake woke woke/woken 醒来;唤醒
forget forgot forgotten 忘记
take took taken 拿走
mistake mistook mistaken 错拿
shake shook shaken 摇动;握(手)
eat ate eaten 吃
fall fell fallen 落下;摔倒
rise rose risen[rizn] 上升;上涨
drive drove driven[drivn] 驾驶
give gave given 给
forgive forgave forgiven 原谅
see saw seen 瞧见
ride rode ridden 骑(车、马)
hide hid hidden 躲藏
bite bit bitten 咬
forbid forbade/forbad forbidden 禁止;不许
write wrote written 书写
bear bore born 忍受
tear tore torn 撕破
wear wore worn 穿、戴(衣帽等)
am/is was been 就是
are were been 就是
do/does did done 做
go went gone 去
lie lay lain 躺;卧
情态动词得过去式
must must 必须
can could 能够;会
shall should 应当
will would 将;会
、原形与过去式与过去分词完全相同、
cost----cost----costcut----cut----cutput----put----put
let----let----letset----set----sethit----hit----hit
shut----shut----shuthurt---hurt----hurtread---read----read 读音/e/
lie---lied---lied说谎lay---laid---laid放置,下蛋
lay---lain躺下,位于,平放
eg、Thehensdon’t_______eggsduringsuchcoldweather、
She_____herbooksonthetable、____
B、过去式与过去分词完全相同
1、过去式与过去分词中含有ought,aught,读音就是[:
t]
bright----brought----broughtthink----thought----thoughtbuy----bought----bought
catch----caught----caughtteach----taught----taught
2、动词原形中得e为o,变成过去式与过去分词。
get----got----gotsell----sold----soldtell----told----told
3、动词原形中i为a,…sit----sat----satspit----spat----spat
4、动词原形中i为o,…win----won----wonshine----shone/shined----shone/shined
5、动词原形中an为oo,…stand----stood---stoodunderstand----understood----understood
6、动词原形中得ay为ai,…say----said----saidpay----paid----paid
7、a)动词原形中得d为t,…send----sent----sentlend----lent----lent
spend----spent----spentbuild----built----built
b)动词原形最后一个字母改为t,…smell----smelt----smeltlose----lost----lost
c)动词原形后加一个字母t,…learn----learnt----learntmean----meant----meant读音/e/
d)动词原形中得ee去掉一个字母e,然后在词尾加t、字母e发音/e/
feel----felt----feltsleep----slept----sleptsweep---swept----swept
keep----kept-----kept
其它meet----met----methave----had----hadhold----held----held
make----made----madedig----dug----dughear----heard----heard
find----found----found hang----hung ----hung
C、原型与过去分词相同
e----came----erun----ran----runbee----became----bee
D、原形,过去式,与过去分词完全不同
1、把动词原形中i改为a变成过去式,改成u变成过去分词.
begin----began-----begundrink---drank----drunkring----rang-----rung
swim----swam----swumsing----sang----sung
2、把动词原形中o改为e变成过去式,在原形词尾加n变成过去分词.
blow----blew----blowngrow----grew----grownknow---knew---known
throw----threw----thrownfly----flew/flu:
/----flown(与以上相似)
3、以下动词得过去分词都以en结尾,故把它们分为一类.
a)把动词原形中i改为o变成过去式,在词尾加n变成过去分词.
drive----drove----drivenrise---rose---risenwrite---wrote---written(双写t)
ride----rode----ridden(双写d)
b)把动词原形中ea改为o,在词尾加e变成过去式,在过去式后加n变成过去分词.
speak----spoke----spokensteal----stole----stolenbreak----broke----broken
c)把动词原形中得个别字母或字母组合改为o变成过去式,在过去式后加n变成过去分词.
wake----woke----woken freeze----froze----frozen
choose----chose----chosen forget----forgot----forgotten(双写t,加en)
d)其它过去分词以en结尾得动词
eat----ate----eatenbeat----beat----beatenfall----fell----fallen
give----gave----givensee----saw----seentake----took----taken
mistake----mistook-----mistakenhide----hid----hidden(双写d)
E、没有过去分词得动词
can-----could-may----might-shall----should-will----would-
其它
am,is----was-----beenare-----were-----been do-----did-----done
draw-----drew-----drawn/:
/ go-----went-----goneshow----showed----shown
wear---wore----worn
不规则动词得过去式(初二)
不规则动词得过去式就是同学们学习得重点,也就是一个难点。
同学们应通过不规则动词得动词原形与它们得过去式找出其变化规律,总结如下:
1、把动词原形中得o改为a,变成过去式。
过去分词不变.如:
bee—became,e—came
2.把动词原形中得i改为a,变成过去式。
如:
begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam,sink—sank,
3.把重读开音节中得i改为o,变成过去式。
如:
drive—drove,ride—rode,shine—shone,win—won,write—wrote
4.动词原形中得e改为o,变成过去式。
如:
get—got,forget—forgot
5.动词原形中得eep改为ept,变成过去式。
如:
keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept
6、动词原形中得an改为oo,变成过去式。
如:
stand—stood,understand—understood
7.改动词原形中得aw/o