抗震英文客观题汇总Seismic design MOOCExercises.docx

抗震英文客观题汇总Seismic design MOOCExercises.docx

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抗震英文客观题汇总SeismicdesignMOOCExercises

Chapter1Introduction

Choice question

1.Whichisnotthesecondarydisasterofearthquake（D）

A、FireB、Tsunami

C、MudslideD、Drought

2.Ofthefollowingearthquakecategories,themostfrequentis（A）

A、TectonicearthquakeB、Volcanicearthquake

C、CollapseearthquakeD、Human-inducedearthquake

3.Seismicintensityisrelatedto（B）

A、StructuretypeB、Epicentraldistance

C、AdministrativedivisionD、Citysize

4.Seismicintensityismainlyassessedaccordingto（C）

A、Theamountofenergyreleasedbythehypocenter

B、Thevelocityandaccelerationofgroundmotion

C、Theextentofthebuildingdamage,humanfeelingandotherphenomena

D、Earthquakemagnitude,focaldepth,epicentraldistance,soilconditionsandtopography

True or false questions

1.SeismicwavesincludePwave,Swave,RayleighwaveandLovewave,ofwhichthefastestisPwave.（√）

2.SeismicphenomenashowthatSwavesjoltthebuildingupanddownandPwavescausehorizontalshakingandsurfacewavesmakethebuildingvibratebothverticallyandhorizontally.（×）

Answerthequestion

1.Whatismagnitude,whatisintensity,andwhatistherelationshipbetweenthem?

A：

1）Magnitudeisanindicatoroftheamountofenergyreleasedbyanearthquake,itisanimportantparameterinearthquakepredictionandearthquakeengineeringresearch.

2）Intensityrepresentstheseverityofgroundvibrationresultingfromanearthquake,whichisrelatedtomagnitudeandepicentraldistance.

3）Generally,thegreaterthemagnitude,thehighertheintensity.Thereisonlyonemagnitudeinanearthquake,buttheintensityofthesameearthquakevariesindifferentregions.

2.Brieflydescribetheclassificationofearthquakesaccordingtotheirorigin.

A：

1）Tectonicearthquake,causedbytectonicmovementsoftheearth.

2）Volcanicearthquake,groundvibrationcausedbyvolcanoeruption.

3）Collapseearthquake,smalllocalearthquakecausedbycavecollapse.

4）Human-inducedearthquake,causedbynuclearexplosionorsuddenchangeofrockstressinducedbytheimpoundmentanddrainageoflargereservoir.

3.Therearethreeimportantcharacteristicsofseismicwaverecords.Brieflydescribethem.

A：

PGA,primarilyinfluencesthevibrationamplitude;

Frequencyspectrum,representingthecharacteristicsoffrequencyandperiod;

Duration,affectsthetotalenergyoftheearthquakeandstructuraldamage.

Chapter2Basicprinciplesofseismicdesign

Choice question

1.Forrarelyoccurringintensity,theexceedanceprobabilitywith50yearsofservicelifeis（D）

A、63.2%B、31.8%

C、10%D、3~2%

2.Thereturnperiodofanearthquakeindicateshowoftenanearthquakeofagivenintensityoccurs.InChina,thereturnperiodcorrespondingtotheseismicfortificationintensityis（B）

A、50yearsB、475years

C、1600yearsD、10000years

Answerthequestion

1.Whatisseismicconceptualdesign?

Whatdoesitinvolve?

Pleasetalkaboutyourunderstandingofthepurposeandsignificanceofseismicconceptualdesign.

A：

Seismicconceptualdesignis,accordingtotheseismicforce,toselectappropriatestructuralsystem,materialandstructuraldetails,soastoachieveareasonableseismicfortificationobjective.

Itinvolvestheselectionofthebuildingsite,theselectionofthestructuralsystem,theplaneregularityandverticalregularity,thedeterminationofthedynamiccharacteristicsofthestructure,andthereliabilityofthetransmissionmechanism.

Seismicconceptualdesigncanavoidorreducethenegativeinfluenceofseismicdesignfromthebeginning,contributingtoobtainthemostfavorablecombinationofseismicperformanceofthestructureandcreatingfavorableconditionsfornumericalcalculationinthedesign.

2.Whatisthestartingpointofseismicperformancedesignofstructures？

Howarethespecificcontrolobjectivesset？

A：

Theseismicdesignofstructurehasthebasicperformancerequirementsof"nodamageunderminorearthquake,repairableundermoderateearthquake,nocollapseundermajorearthquake",andtheseismicperformancedesignhasestablishedmoredetailedandconvenientquantitativeindexforthisguidingprinciple.Fordifferentstructures,therearedifferentrequirementsofseismicgrade,performanceandrepair.Theseismicperformancedesignbasedonthebearingcapacityanddeformationcapacity,meetingtheusefunctiononthespecialrequirementsinaccordancewithspecificproject,byproposingdifferentperformancerequirementsonstructures,combinedwiththeselectionofstructuralmeasures.Specificcontrolobjectivesaresetaccordingtodifferentseismicgradesanddifferentperformancerequirements.Themaincontrolobjectivesincludebearingcapacity,deformationcapacity,structuralmeasures,toachievethecontrolobjectivesofseismicdamageseverity,bearingcapacityreductionanddeformationamplitudeforstructuresofdifferentperformancerequirements.

Chapter3Site,subsoilandfoundation

True or false questions

1.Themaximumseismicactionofasingledegreeoffreedomsystemismasstimesmaximumrelativeacceleration.（×）

2.Theseismicimpactcoefficient

isdefinedastheratiobetweenthemaximumhorizontalseismicactionontheelasticsystemofasinglematterpointandthegravityoftheparticle.α=F/G（√）

3.Theseismiccoefficientistheratioofthepeakaccelerationofgroundmotionandtheaccelerationofgravity.（√）

4.Thedeformationcausedbygroundacceleration

g（t）isexactlythesameasthatcausedbyexternalloadp（t）equalto-m

g（t）.（√）

Choice question

1.Inadditiontomass,seismicintensityandnaturalvibrationperiodofstructure,thestandardvalueFekofhorizontalseismicactionisalsorelatedtothefollowingfactors.（B）

A.Siteplanesize

B.Sitefeaturecycle

C.Loadcomponentcoefficient

D.Earthquakeresistancegrade,

Answerthequestion

1.Whataretheapplicableconditionsforthebaseshearmethod?

A:

Thebaseshearmethodisapplicablewhenthefirstmodeofthestructureundertheactionofearthquakeismainlythefirstmode,andthefirstmodeisapproximatelyastraightline.Specifictothebuildingstructureperformance:

①thestructureofthemassandstiffnessalongtheheightofthedistributionismoreuniform;②Thetotalheightofthebuildingshallnotbegreaterthan40m;③Sheardeformationisdominantinbuildingstructuresunderearthquakeaction;④Theseismictorsionofthebuildingstructurecanbeignored.

2.Howmanymethodsarethereforseismicdesignofstructures?

Pleaselistandbrieflydescribeeachmethod.

A:

①Staticmethod,takingtheinertialforcegeneratedbyseismicactionasthestaticmethodtoconsiderthestructuraleffect;

②Thebaseshearmethodisaspecialcaseofthemodedecompositionmethod,whichisapplicabletothestructurewiththefirstmodeasthemainmodeandthemodeastheapproximatestraightline.

③Vibrationmodedecompositionandresponsespectrummethod,thevibrationactionofthestructureisdecomposedintothesuperpositionofeffectsunderdifferentmodesofvibration.Accordingtothedegreeofcouplingbetweendifferentmodes,itcanbedividedintoSRSSmethodandCQCmethod.

④Timehistoryanalysis:

studythestructureintheseismicwaveprocessofthereactionprocess,suitableformorecomplexstructuresandtheneedforelastic-plasticanalysisofthestructure.

3.Whatfactorsarerelatedtotheearthquakeimpactcoefficient?

A:

Accordingtothecalculationformulaofα,itisrelatedtoseismicintensity,fieldvibrationdynamiccharacteristics（pre-eminentperiod）,siteconditions,naturalvibrationperiodofstructure,dampingratioofstructureandotherfactors.

Chapter4SeismicresponseodSDOFandMDOF

True or false questions

1.Thesiteanalogyisdeterminedsyntheticallyaccordingtotheequivalentshearwavevelocityofsoillayerandthesiteoverburdenthickness.（√）

2.Theso-calledseismicfortification,istheresistancetopreventbytheearthquakedirectlycausedbythesurfacedamage,buildingdamage,andtheresultingcasualtiesandeconomiclosses.（×）

Choice question

1.InaccordancewiththeprovisionsofChina'scurrentseismicdesigncode,thebuildingin（A）shallbeconsideredforseismicfortification.

A.Nationwide

B.Itislocatedintheareawithseismicfortificationintensityof5~9degrees

C.Itislocatedintheareawithseismicfortificationintensityof5~9degrees

D.Itislocatedintheareawithseismicfortificationintensityof5~10degrees

2.Whenchoosingabuildingsite,thefollowingdisadvantagesare（A）

A.Faultrupturezone

B.Areaswherelandslidesmayoccurduringanearthquake

C.Areasthatmaycollapseduringanearthquake

D.Areaswherecracksmayoccurduringanearthquake

3.Thefollowing（A）requirementsarereasonablewhenselectingabuildingsiteinanearthquakezone.

A.ClassCbuildingsshouldnotbeconstructedinareaswherecracksmayoccurduringanearthquake

B.Incaseofseismicruptureinthesite,itshouldberesolutelyavoided

C.ClassBbuildingsshouldnotbeconstructedonliquefiedsoil

D.ClassAbuildingsshouldbebuiltonhardearth

4.Thehazardzoneforseismicrequirementsis（A）thegeologicaltype

A.Landslides,collapses,sinkholesandcracksmayoccur

B.Softsoil,liquefiedsoil

C.RiverBanksandunevensoillayers

D.Collapsibleloess

11.Thesitetypesofbuildingcanbedividedintofourcategoriesaccordingtotheequivalentshearwavevelocityofsoilandthethicknessofthesiteoverburden.

Answerthequestion

1.Describethevibrationcharacteristicsofsoftandhardfields?

A:

Thetopsoilofthesitehasfilteringandlocalamplificationeffectsonseismicwaves.Duetothefilteringeffect,thesoftsite