江苏专版高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题三阅读理解专题限时检测二十二阅读理解词义猜测类之短.docx

江苏专版高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题三阅读理解专题限时检测二十二阅读理解词义猜测类之短.docx

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江苏专版高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题三阅读理解专题限时检测二十二阅读理解词义猜测类之短

专题限时检测（二十二）阅读理解词义猜测类之短语猜测题或句意理解题

（加★的为短语猜测题或句意理解题，本卷限时23分钟）

A

（2017·南京市、盐城市高三模拟考试）You'veprobablyheardsuchreports.Thenumberofcollegestudentsmajoringinthehumanities（人文学科）isdecreasingquickly.ThenewshascausedafloodofhighmindedessayscriticizingthedevelopmentasasymbolofAmericandecline.

Thebrightsideisthis:

Thedestructionofthehumanitiesbythehumanitiesis,finally,comingtoanend.Nomorewillliterature,aspartofanacademiccurriculum,putoutthelightofliterature.Nolongerwillthereadingof,say,“KingLear”orD．H.Lawrence's“WomeninLove”resultintheannoyingstuffofmultiplechoicequizzes,examessaysandhomeworkassignments.

ThediscouragingfactisthatforeverycollegeprofessorwhomadeShakespeareorLawrencecomealivefortheluckyfew,therewerecountlessotherswhomadethereadingofliterarymasterpiecesseemliketwo_hours_in_the_dentist's_chair.

Theremarkablyinsignificantfactthat,ahalfcenturyago,14%oftheundergraduatepopulationmajoredinthehumanities（mostlyinliterature,butalsoinart,philosophy,history,classicsandreligion）asopposedto7%todayhasgivenrisetoseriousreflectionsonthenatureandpurposeofaneducationintheliberalarts.

Suchreflectionsalwayscometothesameconclusion:

Wearetoldthatthelackofaformaleducation,mostlyinliterature,leadstonumerousharmfulpersonalconditions,suchastheinabilitytothinkcritically,towriteclearly,tobecuriousaboutotherpeopleandplaces,toengagewithgreatliteratureaftergraduation,torecognizetruth,beautyandgoodness.

Theseseriousanxietiesaregrand,admirablyvirtuousandvirtuouslyadmirable.Theyarealsoamerefantasy.

Thecollegeteachingofliteratureisarelativelyrecentphenomenon.Literaturedidnotevenbecomepartoftheuniversitycurriculumuntiltheendofthe19thcentury.Beforethat,whatcametobecalledthehumanitiesconsistedoflearningGreekandLatin,whiletheBiblewasstudiedinchurchasthenecessaryotherhalfofafulleducation.Nooneeverthoughtofteachingnovels,stories,poemsorplaysinaformalcourseofstudy.Theywerepartoftheleisureofeverydaylife.

ItwasonlyafterWorldWarⅡthatthestudyofliteratureasatypeofwisdom,relevanttoactual,contemporarylife,putdownwidespreadinstitutionalroots.Soldiersreturninghomein1945longedtomakesenseoftheirlivesafterwhattheyhadwitnessedandsurvived.Theabundanteconomyaffordedthemtheopportunityandthetimetodoso.MajoringinEnglishhititspeak,yetitwasthisverypopularityofliteratureintheuniversitythatspelleditsdoom,astheacademicizationofliteraryartwasaccelerated.

LiteraturechangedmylifelongbeforeIbegantostudyitincollege.Bookstookmefarfrommyselfintoexperiencesthathadnothingtodowithmylife,yetspoketomylife.Butonceinthecollegeclassroom,thisprecious,alternatelifeinsidemegotthrownbackintothatdimensionofmyexistencethatboredme.Homer,ChekhovandYeatswerereducedtorightandwronganswers,clearcutthemesandcleverinterpretations.Ifthereisanythingtoworryabout,itshouldbethedisappearanceofwhatusedtobeanimportantpartofeveryhighschooleducation:

theliteraturesurveycourse,wherebookswerenotacademicallytaughtbutthoroughlyintroduced—anexperienceunaffectedbystupidcommentaryanduselesstesting.

Theliteraryclassicsareplacesofquiet,uselessstillnessinaworldthatdespises（鄙视）anyactivitythatisnotprofitableorproductive.Literatureistoosacredtobetaught.Itneedsonlytoberead.

Soon,ifallgoeswellandliteratureatlastdisappearsfromtheundergraduatecurriculum—myfingersarecrossed—increasingnumbersofpeoplewillbeabletosaythatreadingtheliterarymasterworksofthepastoutsidethecollegeclassroom,simplyinthecourseofliving,is,infact,theircollegeclassroom.

★1.Theauthormentions“twohoursinthedentist'schair”inParagraph3toindicatethat________.

A．theaverageliteratureclassincollegeistwohourslong

B．readingliteraryworksismadeunbearablebyprofessors

C．itactuallydoesnottakelongtoreadtheclassicsofliterature

D．collegestudentsdon'tspendmuchtimeonliterarymasterworks

解析：

选B　句意理解题。

根据该部分所在的语境可知，部分幸运的学生能遇到把莎士比亚或劳伦斯讲得有声有色的教授，而不计其数的其他教授却让文学巨著的阅读变成一种煎熬。

所以对某些学生来说教授们把文学阅读变成了一种令人难以忍受的经历。

2．Thesharpdropinthenumberofmajorsinthehumanities________.

A．hasgivenrisetoquiteashockintheintellectualworld

B．promisestheremarkabledestructionofthehumanities

C．showsmorepeoplereadliteratureoutsidetheclassroom

D．hascausedtheauthortoreflectonthenatureofliterarycreation

解析：

选A　推理判断题。

根据第四段中的“...asopposedto7%todayhasgivenrisetoseriousreflectionsonthenatureandpurposeofaneducationintheliberalarts”可知，学习人文学科的学生人数急剧下降让知识界感到吃惊，并引起他们的反思。

3．Whichofthefollowingopinionsmaytheauthorhold?

A．Thedisappearanceofliteratureshouldbestronglyapplauded.

B．Literatureteachingcanimproveourcriticalthinkingability.

C．Readingliteraturedoesn'trequirespecializedknowledgeandskills.

D．Literatureshouldbetaughtthroughanalyzingdifferentwritingstyles.

解析：

选C　推理判断题。

结合作者的阅读经历，尤其是倒数第二段中的“Literatureistoosacredtobetaught.Itneedsonlytoberead.”可知，作者认为文学是不需要教的，只需要读。

因此作者认为文学阅读不需要什么特别的知识和技能。

4．Accordingtotheauthor,theproblemofliteratureteachingliesinthefactthat________.

A．itisarelativelyrecentphenomenonineducation

B．literatureteachingisnotprofitableorproductive

C．peopleareinterestedinsomethingmorepractical

D．itisturnedintoasoullesscompetitionforgrades

解析：

选D　推理判断题。

根据倒数第三段，尤其是其中的“...anexperienceunaffectedbystupidcommentaryanduselesstesting”可知，当今文学教学存在的问题是它把文学变成了学生分数上的一种竞争。

5．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?

A．Tourgecollegestudentstoreadmoreliteraryclassics.

B．Tointroducethepresentsituationofliteratureteaching.

C．Tovoicehisopinionontheshrinkageofliteratureteaching.

D．Toshowhisseriousconcernforcollegeliteratureteaching.

解析：

选C　作者意图题。

纵观全文，作者就文学教学的衰落发表了自己的观点，所以选择C。

6．Theoveralltoneofthepassageis________.

A．skeptical　　　　　　B．sympathetic

C．aggressiveD．straightforward

解析：

选D　作者态度题。

结合全文，作者对目前文学教学所存在的问题坦率地表明了自己的观点，所以选择D。

skeptical“怀疑的”；sympathetic“同情的”；aggressive“有攻击性的”；straightforward“率直的，坦率的”。

B

（2017·江苏省高考名校联考）Howdoesthemediaaffectourlives?

Doesitinfluenceourthinkingandbehavior?

Whatarethenegativeinfluencesofthemedia?

Readontofindthenegativeinfluencesofthemediaonsocietyyouneverthoughtabout.

Themediahasnegativeeffectsonthephysicalandpsychologicalwellbeingofsociety.PeoplespendinghoursinfrontofatelevisionorsurfingtheInternetexperienceeyeproblems.Lackofphysicalactivityleadstoobesityproblems.Themediainfluencespublicopinionandimpactsthechoicesthatpeoplemake.Themediahasledtoageneralopinionthatthinisinandfatisout.Thismakestheoverweightfeeloutofplace.Theyarereadytostarvethemselvestoloseweight,whichhasledtoincreasingcasesofeatingdisorders.Inasurveydoneonfifthgraders,itwasfoundthatkidshadbecomedissatisfiedwiththeirbodiesafterwatchingavideoofacertainverypopularmodel.

Themediahas,initsownway,changedpeople'soutlookonlife.Itistheinterface（界面）throughwhichmillionslookattheworldoutside.Themediaclaimstodescribethe“today”，butnotalltypesofmediashowthetruth.Withtheintentionofstressingtheirpointorgrabbinggreaterattentionfromthemasses,themediaexaggerates（夸大）thingstoacertaindegree.Noteveryoneisabletofilter_outthatelement.Mostbelieveeverythingtobereal,especiallykidsandteenagers.

Vampires,werewolves,witches,ghosts—wheredidtheycomefrom?

Fairies,superheroes,angels—wheredidtheycomefrom?

It'snotonlythemediatobeblamed,asthesecharactersbelongtofolklore,butthemediadidplayaroleinspreadingthesecharactersandmakingthemseemreal.Thesecharactersenterourworldthroughbooksandmovies.Thereisnodenyingthattheyhaveamusementvalue.Butisn'tittoomuchtoblindlybelievethattheyexist?

Themediaissooverwhelmingthatthemassesendupbelievingeverythingitsaysorshows.Mediasourcesaresomanyinnumberandallofthemsoconvincinglymaketheirpointthatitishardtodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.Themediaisconstantlyofferingustoomuchinformation.Howfardowegotocheckitsauthenticity?

Howdeepdowedigtogettotherootofsomethingthat'smakingnews?

Howcriticallydowejudgetherealityofrealityshowsandthetruthbehindtruestories?

Wedon'tthink,webelieve.Wedon'tjudge,wegetinfluenced.Andthat'showimpactivethemediais.

Whileacertainamountofexposuretothemediaisessentialforintroducingourselvestotheworldoutside,excessiveexposure,uncontrolledaccessandbeliefwithoutthoughtwon'tleadusanywhere.Theywillonlymakethenegativeeffectofthemediamoreobvious.

Tokeepyourselffrombeingharmedbythemedia,you'readvisedtolimitmediaexposureandchoosewhattowatchproperly.Newssourcesoftenprovideyouwiththesamenegativestoriesoverandoveragain,inordertoincreasetheimpact.Sometimes,smallincidentsoreventsinthelivesofcelebritiesandpoliticiansareadvertisedalot,inordertomakethemdrawmoreattention.Avoidwatchingsuchprogramsornews.Instead,watchgoodprogramsthatcarryhealthycontent,engageinpositiveactivities,andencourageotherstodothesame.Asaresponsibleadult,exercisecontrolonthemediaexposurethatkidsandteenagersget.

Mediadescriptionsgiverisetostereotypes,