11类常用翻译主题词汇.docx
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11类常用翻译主题词汇
11类翻译主题词汇
一、中国历史
四大文明古国oneofthefourancientcivilizations
人类文明史thehistoryofhumancivilization
积厚流光/历史悠久tohavealonghistory;withalonghistory
朝代dynasty
古都ancientcapital
随着时间的推移astimegoesby
远古时代ancienttimes
原始社会primitivesociety
春秋时代theSpringandAutumnPeriod
战国theWarringStates
封建社会feudalsociety
皇帝、君主emperor,monarch
历史遗留问题aquestionleftoverfromhistory/thepast
在战争中损毁toberuinedinwars
抵抗侵略toresisttheinvasion
五四运动theMay4thMovementof1919
在......世纪初atthebeginningof...century
迄今为止uptillnow
追想到todate/tracebackto
本源于toderive/stemfrom;tooriginatefrom/in
发源地birthplace
流行于......,兴旺于......toemergein...andprosperin...
保存最圆满的best-preserved
原址originalsite
国家博物馆nationalmuseum
皇帝统治时期aperiodofemperorreign
诸侯国kingdom
勤政爱民tobediligentandloveone’speople
退位togiveupthethrone
帝王宫殿imperialpalace
以......命名tobenamedafter
历史人物historyfigure
阳历solarcalendar
阴历lunarcalendar
天干heavenlystem
地支earthlybranch
闰年leapyear
二、中国文化归纳
重要文化遗产majorculturalheritage
优秀民间艺术outstandingfolkarts
文化产业cultureindustry
文化底蕴culturaldeposit
文化事业culturalundertaking
文化交流culturalexchange
文化冲击culturalshock
文化差异culturaldifference
独到的艺术价值uniqueartisticvalues
老实守信honesty
爱国主义精神patriotism
国宝nationaltreasure
文物culturalrelics
华夏祖先theChineseancestors
中华民族theChinesenation
传统美德traditionalvirtues
文人menofletter
雅士refinedscholar
才子佳人giftedscholarsandbeautifulladies
高雅艺术refined/highart
中外学者Chineseandoverseasscholars
古为今用tomakethepastservethepresent
洋为中用tomaketheforeignserveChina
无愧于时代的作品worksworthyofthetimes
文明摇篮cradleofcivilization
古文明ancientcivilization
广博精深tobeextensiveandprofound
享有......的声誉toenjoyagood/highreputationfor
被誉为......tobehonored/crownedas
占重要地位toplayasignificantrole;tohave/occupyasignificantplace
肩负......的责任toshouldertheresponsibilityof......
与......密不可以分tobecloselyassociatedwith......
最广中国文化topromoteChineseculture
促进世界和平topromotewouldpeace
增进友谊toenhancefriendship
文化娱乐活动culturalandamusementactivities
民族特色和价值观nationalidentityandvalue
在各地差异很大tovarywidelyfromregion/placetoregion/place促进文化的流传topromotethespreadofculture促进交流topromoteexchanges
蓬勃睁开toflourish
丰富多彩toberichandcolorful
风俗习惯custom
禁忌taboo
尊敬老人torespecttheelderly
供养老人tosupport/takecareofparents
继承toinherit
后辈latergeneration
强身健体toimprovethephysicalhealth;tostrengthenthebody益寿延年toprolonglife
保佑安全tokeepsb.Safe
象征意义symbolicmeaning
象征好运和祝福tosymbolizegoodluckandblessings
审雅观/品味tasteforbeauty;aesthetictaste
三、中国传统文化
中医药traditionalChinesemedicine
中草药herbalmedicine
望、闻、问、切observing,listening,inquiring,pulsetaking病症symptom
重要创立asignificantinvention
中国古代四大创立thefourgreatinventionsofancientChina火药gunpowder
印刷术paper-making
指南针thecompass
纸墨笔砚theFourTreasuresoftheStudy
笔、墨、纸、砚brush,inkstick,inkstone
汉字Chinesecharacter
笔划stroke
一般话四声调thefourtonesofMandarinChinese
书法calligraphy
中国画traditionalChinesepainting
水墨画Chinesebrushpainting;inkwashpainting
武术martialarts
中国功夫KungFu
太极TaiChia
孔子Confucius
孟子Mencius
思想学派schoolofthought
思想核心thecoreofideology
代表人物representative
儒家思想Confucianism
儒家文化Confucianculture
和尚、和尚monk
寺庙temple
伊斯兰教Islam
清真寺mosque
宗教religion
建筑architecture
钟楼belltower
牌楼memorialarchway
兵马俑TerracottaWarriorsandHorses
丝绸之路theSilkRoad
故宫theImperialPalace
天坛theTempleofHeaven
民间故事folktale
寓言fable
传说legend
人间humanworld
京剧PekingOpera
脸谱mask
正面角色positiverole
木偶戏puppetshow
皮影戏shadowplay
杂技acrobatics
相声cross-talk
说、学、逗、唱speaking,imitating,teasingandsinging
说书story-telling
传统工艺品traditionalhandicraft
形状不一tobeofdifferentshapes
材质各异variousmaterial
质地坚硬hardtexture
造型生动vividfigure
色彩丰富richcolors
风格独到characteristic/uniquestyle
刺绣embroidery
泥人clayfigure
瓷器porcelain；china
陶器pottery;earthenware
青铜器bronzeware
雕琢tocarve
图章seal
四、中国传统节日
春节theSpringFestival/ChineseNewYear
大除夕夜ChineseNewYear’sEve
除夕夜饭annualreuniondinner
拜年topayanewyearcall
探亲访友to（paya）visittorelativeandfriends
亲朋好友relativesandfriends
大打扫tothoroughlycleanthehouse
驱厄运tosweepawayillfortune;togetridofbadluck
去除灾害towardoffevils
发红包togivemoneyinredenvelopes;tohandoutredenvelopes
欢度......Thecelebrationof...;tocelebrate
春联springcouples
庙会templefair
民间艺人folkartists
祭神god-worshiping
鞭炮，烟火firecracker;firework（s）
年画（traditional）newyearpicture
压岁钱newyear’sgift-money
元宵节theLanternFestival
清明节theTomb-sweepingDay
端午节theDragonBoatFestival
中秋节theMid-autumnDay/Festival
重阳节theDouble-ninthDay
七夕节theDouble-seventhDay
舞龙dragondance
花灯festivallantern
灯谜lanternriddle
有益的智力活动beneficialintellectualactivity
中国结Chineseknot
舞狮liondance
赛龙舟dragonboatrace
观月toenjoythefullmoon
登高hillclimbing
扫墓topayrespectstothedeadatsb
’stomb
五、食品及烹饪方法
中国菜、中餐Chinesecuisine
烹饪技巧cookingtechnique
煎tofry
炒tostir-fry
炸todeep-fry
烩/闷/炖tostew
蒸tosteam
煮toboil
烘焙tobake
烤toroast
切条tocuttostrips
切丁todice
切碎tomince
磨碎togrind
饮食习惯dietaryhabit
特色食品specialfood
元宵sweetstickyricedumplings
年糕ricecake
油条deep-frieddoughsticks
豆浆soybeanmilk
馒头steamedbun
包子steamedstuffedbun
拉面hand-stretchednoodles
豆腐tofu;beancurd
麻花frieddoughtwist
皮蛋100-yearegg;centuryegg
蛋炒饭friedricewithegg
火锅hotpot
原料ingredient
猪/牛肉丸pork/beefball
鸭肉duck
蘑菇mushroom
北京烤鸭Beijingroastduck
素菜馆vegetarianrestaurant
白酒Chineseliquor
六、旅游交通
景点touristattraction;scenicspot
名胜古迹placesofinterests
避暑胜地summerresort
森林公园forestpark
自然保护区naturereserve
自然景观naturalscenery
人文景观humanlandscape
壮丽河山magnificentscenery
古典山川园林classicallandscapegarden
皇家园林royalgarden
中外游客touristsfromhomeandabroad
游乐园amusementpark
度假totakeavacation;togoonholiday
门票（entrance）ticket
免费景区电子门票freesightseeinge-coupon
星级酒店star-ratedhotel
顶峰期rushhour
人流如潮,人满为患overcrowded;tobepackedwithovercrowdedpeople翻山越岭toclimbmountainsandhills
碰到......的热忱欢送tobewarmlywelcomeby......
丰富知识toenrichone’sknowledge
广阔视野tobroadenone’shorizon
扩大知识面toenlargethescopeofknowledge
培养独立性tocultivateindependence
运输工具meansoftransportation
公共交通publictransport
地铁站subwaystation
候车室waitingroom
扣分处分pointpenalty
酒驾drunkdriving
平生禁驾lifetimebanfromdriving
护照passport
签章有效期validityofvisa
散客individualvisitor
集体旅游groupvisitor
七、地理环境
位于......tobelocatedin/that
西部地区westernregions
省会provincialcapital
水域面积waterarea
三面环山tobesurroundedbymountainsonthreesides
全长....公里tostretchfor...kilometers
容颜焕然一新totakeonacompletelynewlook
高原plateau
山岳peak
淡水湖freshwaterlake
沿海港口coastalpot
植物园botanicalgarden
天气climate
环境保护environmentalprotection
提高全民环保意识raiseenvironmentawarenessamongthegeneralpublic环保产品environment-friendlyproduct一次性产品disposableproduct
开发可再生资源todeveloprenewableresources
高耗能产业energy-intensiveindustry
可连续睁开sustainabledevelopment
生态环境theecologicalenvironment
温室效应greenhouseeffect
森林覆盖率forestcoveragerate
改进土壤soilimprovement
地址灾害geologicaldisaster
灾害catastrophe;tragedy;disaster
不幸misfortune
伤亡人员casualty
死亡人数deathtoll
台风typhoon
火山爆发volcaniceruption
地震earthquake
洪水flood
干旱drought
污染物pollutant
水土保持waterandsoilconservation
降雨rainfall
物种灭绝theextinctionofbio-species
先污染后治理toexertcontrolafterpollution
碳减排carbonemissionreduction
温室气体排放在greenhousegasemission
二氧化碳carbondioxide
新能源汽车greencar
废气exhaustgas
汽车尾气排放motorvehicleexhaust
发动机排量enginedisplacement
零排放车辆zero-emissionvehicle
小排量汽车small-displacementcar
能源耗资depletionofresources
能源危机energycrisis
回收利用torecycle
低碳城市化道路waytolow-carbonurbanization
城市化urbanization
濒临灭绝/失传tobeonthevergeofextinction/loss
濒临物种endangeredspecies
稀有物种rarespecies
防范林带shelterbelt
八、商业经济
商界businesscommunities
互惠互利mutualbenefit
共同繁荣commonprosperity
总需求aggregate/totaldemand
总供应aggregatesupply
供大于求supplyexceedingdemand
扩大内需toexpanddomesticdemand
购置力purchasingpower
财政估量financialbudget
经济学家economist
企业家entrepreneur
经济全球化economicglobalization
地区性只有贸易区regionalfreetradearea
经济特区specialeconomiczone
方案经济plannedeconomy
市场经济marketeconomy
市场调治marketregulation
市场多元化marketdiversification
推进经贸合作toboosteconomicandtradecooperation
耐用花销品durableconsumergoods
年关促销year-endpromotion
团购groupbuying
垄断monopoly
垄断行业monopolyindustry
市场占有率marketshare
生产力，生产率productivity
经济增添放缓economicslowdown
金融组织financialinstitution
商业信誉commercialreputation
管理体系managementmechanism
国有企业state-ownedenterprises（SOEs）
集体企业collectively-owned（partnership）enterprises
私营企业privatebusiness
民营企业private-runbusiness
中小企业smallandmedium-sizedenterprises
民间资本privatecapital
民间投资privateinvestment
泡沫经济bubbleeconomy
经济过热overheatingofeconomy
通货膨胀inflation
实体经济therealeconomy
外汇积蓄充sufficientforeignexchangereserve
国内国际贸易domestic/internationaltraded
对外贸易foreigntrade
贸易条件termsoftrade
不公正竞争unfaircompetition
海关customs
关税customsduty
水货、走私货smuggledgoods
产质量量productquality
高度议论tospeakhighlyof
物美价廉competitivepriceandsuperiorquality
销量、销售额sales
存货、库存量stocks
改进效劳toimproveservices
延长保修期toextendmaintenance
制造商、制造厂manufacturer
原资料rawmaterial
样品sample
大规模生产massproduction
年产量annualoutput
劳动力密集型产业laborintensiveindustry
知识密集型产业k
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