高考英语 阅读理解基础练习精品题18.docx

高考英语 阅读理解基础练习精品题18.docx

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高考英语阅读理解基础练习精品题18

2014高考英语阅读理解基础练习精品题（18）及答案

阅读理解

Startingatanewworkplacecanbestressfulforanyone,whetheryouhaveyearsofexperienceorarejustbeginningyourcareer.Hereareafewexperttipstohelpyou.

1.BetheEarlyBird

Reachingtheofficeearlywillgiveyoumoretimetoexploreandabsorbyournewsurroundings.Arrivingearlyalsogivesyoutimetonetwork.Andofcourseithelpsimpressthenewbossbyshowingyoureagernesstowork.

2.AskQuestions

Itshowsyourmangagersthatyouareinterestedinlearningaboutyounewjob.Moreimportantly,theanswerswillhelpyouadapttoyournewsurroundingsquickly.Andtrytolimityourselftogeneralorwork-relatedquestions.

3.WatchYourBodyLanguage

Youractionscangiveawayalotmorethanyouthink.Frowning,foldingyourhands,rockingback-and-forthinyouchairorshakingyourlegconstantly,aresomegesturesthatmightgivetheimpressionthatyouarenervous,notconfidentoraretoocasualaboutyourjob.

4.BeaListener

Listenmoreandtalkless.Whenyoutalkmore,youmightunintentionallyspeakoutofturn.Lsiteningandobservingcanhelpyoulearnmoreaboutyoupeersandmanagersandtheirwayofdoingthings.Trynottogetsuckedintoofficepolitics.

5.ArriveReadytoLearn

Changeisalwaysdifficult,butpreparedtoabsorbanewculture,differentwaysofdoingthingsandtakeonnewresponsibilities.Trynottosaythingslike“Iusedtodothisinthisway”,whichmakesyouseemtooaggressiveorevenannoying.

6.Don’tRushtoShakeThingsUp

Wenormallyseepeoplecomeinandmakeaquickassessmentofwhatishappening,andstartmakingchangesquickly.That’snotagodideabecauseitcancauseconflictwithyournewteam.Insteadconsiderintroducingyourwayofdoingthingsslowlywhileyoucommunicatewithyourteamasoftenaspossible.

Applytheseprinciplesandwithinnotimeyouwouldhavemadeaplaceforyourselfintheorganization.

9．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A．Thispassageisintendedforpeoplewhohavejustgraduatedformcollege.

B．Wecanaskanypersonalquestionafterarrivingatanewplace.

C．Wecancontinueworkinginthesamewayasbefore.

D．Listeningandobservingcanbenefityoualot.

10．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrasemeaninthesixthpiece?

A．concludeB．decideC．changeD．plan

11．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A．Ifyouneedhelp,don’thesitatetoaskpeoplearoundyouintheneworganization.

B．Peoplecanbeunderpressuretoworkafterarrivingatanewplace.

C．Itisbettertoarriveatofficesasearlyaspossible.

D．Talkingmorecanmakeiteasyforpeopletogetintotheofficepolitics.

12．Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?

A．toeducateB．topersuadeC．toinstructD．toadvise

DCAD

C5[2013·江苏卷]D

MarkTwainhasbeencalledtheinventoroftheAmericannovel.Andhesurelydeservesadditionalpraise：

themanwhopopularizedthecleverliteraryattackonracism.

Isaycleverbecauseanti－slaveryfictionhadbeentheimportantpartoftheliteratureintheyearsbeforetheCivilWar.H.B.Stowe'sUncleTom'sCabinisonlythemostfamousexample.Theseearlystoriesdealtdirectlywithslavery.Withminorexceptions,Twainplantedhisattacksonslaveryandprejudiceintotalesthatwereonthesurfaceaboutsomethingelseentirely.Hedrewhisreadersintotheargumentbydrawingthemintothestory.

Againandagain，inthepostwaryears，Twainseemedforcedtodealwiththechallengeofrace.Considerthemostcontroversial,atleasttoday,ofTwain'snovels,AdventuresofHuckleberryFinn.OnlyafewbookshavebeenkickedofftheshelvesasoftenasHuckleberryFinn，Twain'smostwidelyreadtale.Onceuponatime,peoplehatedthebookbecauseitstruckthemasrude.Twainhimselfwrotethatthosewhobannedthebookconsideredthenovel“trashandsuitableonlyfortheslums（贫民窟）．”MorerecentlythebookhasbeenattackedbecauseofthecharacterJim，theescapedslave，andmanyoccurencesofthewordnigger.（ThetermNiggerJim，forwhichthenovelisoftenseverelycriticized，neverappearsinit.）

Buttheattackswereandaresilly—andmissthepoint.Thenovelisstronglyanti－slavery.Jim'ssearchthroughtheslavestatesforthefamilyfromwhomhehasbeenforciblypartedisheroic.AsJ．Chadwickhaspointedout,thecharacterofJimwasafirstinAmericanfiction—arecognitionthattheslavehadtwopersonalities,“thevoiceofsurvivalwithinawhiteslavecultureandthevoiceoftheindividual：

Jim,thefatherandtheman.”

Thereismuchmore.Twain'smysterynovelPudd'nheadWilsonstoodasachallengetotheracialbeliefsofevenmanyoftheliberalsofhisday.WrittenatatimewhentheacceptedwisdomheldNegroestobeinferior（低等的）towhites，especiallyinintelligence，Twain'stalecenteredinpartaroundtwobabiesswitchedatbirth.Aslavegavebirthtohermaster'sbabyand，forfearthatthechildshouldbesoldSouth,switchedhimforthemaster'sbabybyhiswife.Theslave'slight－skinnedchildwastakentobewhiteandgrewupwithboththeattitudesandtheeducationoftheslave－holdingclass.Themaster'swife'sbabywastakenforblackandgrewupwiththeattitudesandintonationsoftheslave.

Thepointwasdifficulttomiss：

nurture（养育），notnature，wasthekeytosocialstatus.Thefeaturesoftheblackmanthatprovidedthestuffofprejudice—mannerofspeech，forexample—were,toTwain,indicativeofnothingotherthantheconditioningthatslaveryforcedonitsvictims.

Twain'sracialtonewasnotperfect.Oneisleftuneasy，forexample，bythelengthypassageinhisautobiography（自传）abouthowmuchhelovedwhatwerecalled“niggershows”inhisyouth—mostlywithwhitemenperforminginblack－face—andhisdelightingettinghismothertolaughatthem.YetthereisnoreasontothinkTwainsawtheshowsasrepresentingreality.Hisfrequentattacksonslaveryandprejudicesuggesthiskeenawarenessthattheydidnot.

WasTwainaracist？

Askingthequestioninthe21stcenturyisaswiseasaskingthesameofLincoln.Ifwereadthewordsandattitudesofthepastthroughthe“wisdom”oftheconsideredmoraljudgmentsofthepresent，wewillfindnothingbuterror.Lincoln，whobelievedtheblackmantheinferiorofthewhite,foughtandwonawartofreehim.AndTwain,raisedinaslavestate,brieflyasoldier，andinventorofJim，mayhavedonemoretoangerthenationoverracialinjusticeandawakenitscollectiveconsciencethananyothernovelistinthepastcentury.

65．HowdoTwain'snovelsonslaverydifferfromStowe's?

A．Twainwasmorewillingtodealwithracism.

B．Twain'sattackonracismwasmuchlessopen.

C．Twain'sthemesseemedtoagreewithplots.

D．Twainwasopenlyconcernedwithracism.

66．RecentcriticismofAdventuresofHuckleberryFinnarosepartlyfromits________．

A．targetreadersatthebottom

B．anti－slaveryattitude

C．ratherimpolitelanguage

D．frequentuseof“nigger”

67．WhatbestprovesTwain'santi－slaverystandaccordingtotheauthor?

A．Jim'ssearchforhisfamilywasdescribedindetail.

B．Theslave'svoicewasfirstheardinAmericannovels.

C．Jimgrewupintoamanandafatherinthewhiteculture.

D．Twainsuspectedthattheslaveswerelessintelligent.

68．Thestoryoftwobabiesswitchedmainlyindicatesthat________．

A．slaveswereforcedtogiveuptheirbabiestotheirmasters

B．slaves'babiescouldpickupslave－holders'wayofspeaking

C．blacks'socialpositionwasshapedbyhowtheywerebroughtup

D．blackswerebornwithcertainfeaturesofprejudice

69．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph7referto?

A．Theattacks.

B．Slaveryandprejudice.

C．Whitemen.

D．Theshows.

70．Whatdoestheauthormainlyarguefor?

A．Twainhaddonemorethanhiscontemporarywriterstoattackracism.

B．TwainwasanadmirablefigurecomparabletoAbrahamLincoln.

C．Twain'sworkshadbeenbannedonunreasonablegrounds.

D．Twain'sworksshouldbereadfromahistoricalpointofview.

【要点综述】本篇为说明文，谈到马克·吐温的小说是否对奴隶制和偏见进行了反抗，以及它受到不同人士的批评情况。

65．B　推理判断题。

由第二段的“Twainplantedhisattacksonslaveryandprejudiceintotalesthatwereonthesurfaceaboutsomethingelseentirely.”可知，马克·吐温把对奴隶制和偏见的攻击融在故事中，隐晦地表达。

而早期小说是直接攻击方式（dealtdirectlywithslavery），因此B项说他的小说对种族主义制度的攻击非常不明显是恰当的。

A项文章没有提及；C项与题干无关，答非所问；D项文章没有提及。

66．D　推理判断题。

根据关键词AdventuresofHuckleberryFinn定位到第三段。

由“Morerecentlythebookhasbeenattackedbecauseof…manyoccurencesofthewordnigger.”可知答案。

A项中的targetreaders错误，文章没有说到；B项不符合文意；C项中的impolitelanguage范围过广，文章只是说到批评者对nigger一词的出现感到不满。

67．C　细节理解题。

由第四段的末句“…thecharacterofJimwasafirstinAmericanfiction—arecognitionthattheslavehadtwopersonalities…”可知答案。

A项中的indetail文章没有提及；B项中的Theslave'svoice与文章的thecharacterofJim不一致；D项文章没有提及。

68．C　推理判断题。

由第六段可知，举这个例子是为了说明奴隶的社会地位是由生活环境决定的，而不是人的自然本性。

69．D　词义猜测题。

由画线词所在句的前面一句可知：

没有理由认为马克·吐温把这些表演当作表现现实，后句紧接着解释：

马克·吐温对奴隶制和偏见的不断攻击说明了他敏锐的意识，而这些是shows所没有表达出来的，可见they应该就是指代shows。

70．A　作者意图题。

末段首先提出一个疑问，然后通过论据否定了这个观点，最后总结了一下自己的观点：

AndTwain…mayhavedonemoretoangerthenationoverracialinjustice…thananyothernovelistinthepastcentury，可见作者要反驳的是末段首句所表达的疑问，只有A项符合，其他各项只是对具体例子的说明。

HousingpriceinChinahasalwayscausedheateddiscussionsamongproperty（房产）developersandordinaryChinese.Tomanypropertydevelopersandlocalgovernmentofficials,housingpriceinChinaisstilllowcomparedwithmanydevelopedcountries.However,theaveragehousingpriceintheUnitedStatesisonly8,000yuanpersquaremeter,whileinChina,itisevenhigherthanintheUnitedStates.Thisshowsthattherearesomebubbles（泡沫）inChineserealestatemarket,theInternationalFinanceNewsreported.

AlthoughtheaveragepriceofresidentialhousesintheUnitedStates,afterconvertedtoRenminbi,isabout8,000yuanpersquaremeter,thehousesinUSarenotsoldintermsofbuildinga