Introduction-to-Dentistr.ppt

Introduction-to-Dentistr.ppt

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DENTALANATOMY,BYDR.MANISHAMISHRA,OralCavityEntranceofthegastrointestinaltractDentalarch:

alveolararchofthemaxillaandmandible4typesofteethIncissorCaninePremolarsMolars,Boundaries,Anterior:

LipsPosterior:

anteriortonsillarpillars（palatoglossalfolds）Lateral:

cheeksRoof:

palateFloor:

anterior2/3oftongue,Parts,OralvestibuleSpacebetweenthelipsandteeth/gingivaOralcavityproper-,Functions,SpeechRespirationDigestionChewingAesthetic,Landmarks,FrenulumMucobuccalfold（posterior）Mucolabialfold（ant）CanineeminenceParotidpapilla（stensonsduct）ExternalobliqueridgeRetromolartrigone,Landmarksonroof,Incisivepapilla:

coverstheincisiveforamenbetween2incissorsPalatinerugaeUvula,Landmarksonthefloor,TongueLingualsulcusFrenulum,Anatomyoftooth,Anteriorteeth:

IncissorsandcaninePosteriorteeth:

MolarsandpremolarsEachtoothconsistsof:

CrownThepartwhichprotrudesfromthegumRootPartembeddedintheboneNeckSlightlynarrowedregionwherethecrownmergeswithroot,Componentsoftooth,PulpcontainingneurovascularbundleDentineEnamelCementum,enamel,HardesttissueSurroundsdentinehighlymineralisedMainmineral-hydroxyapatite,dentine,DentineisthemostabundantdentaltissueDeterminesthesizeandshapeofteeth.Dentineisabone-likesubstancethatisformedbyodontoblastcellwhichmakesupmostofthestructureofthetooth.Dentineisfoundjustundertheenamelinthecrownandunderthecementumintheroot.,pulp,Connectivetissue,mainlyconsitsofodontoblastandfibroblastContainsneurovascularcomponentsThereisanastomosisbetweenarterioles&venules,cementum,CementumisaspecializedbonysubstancecoveringtherootofatoothCementumisexcretedbycellscalledcementoblastwithintherootofthetoothItscolorisyellowishanditissofterthaneitherdentineorenamel.AlveolarBoneMineralizedtissuethatsurroundstheteethinjaws,Periodontalligament,TheperiodontalligamentisaspecializedconnectivetissuethatattachesatoothtothejawboneFunctionHelpstoothwithstandlargecompressiveforceswhichoccurduringchewing,withoutdestructionoftheadjacentalveolarbonetoserveasasourceofsensation.（outercoveringofthetooth（enamel）hasnosensoryreceptorsitself.）,gum,Mucous-membrane-coveredconnectivetissueattachedtoandsurroundstheneckandthealveolarbone.Edgesofthegumsaroundtheteetharefreeandextendintothespacesbetweentheteeth.healthygumispinkandtough.havelimitedsensitivityto-pain,Temperature,pressure,Bloodsupply,PeriodontalplexusInferior/superioralveolarvesselPeriostealvesselVesselfromadjacentmusculature,Nervesupply,Upperteethmaxillarynerve（Ant.Sup.Alveolar,middlesup.Alveolar&post.Sup.Alveolarnerves）Lowerteethmandibularnerve（inferioralveolarnerve）,MandibleOnlymovingbonepresentinskull,HassocketsforlowerteethPartsBody&2RamiBody2surfacesExternal&Internal&2bordersUpper（Alveolar）,Lower（Base）Ramus2ProcessesCoronoid&Condyloid,MandibularForamen-openingonthemedialsurfaceoftheramusObliqueLine-locatedonthesuperiorlateralsurfaceofthebodyMentalForamen-foramenforthetransmissionofthementalnerve（cutaneoustothelowerthirdoftheface）andartery,ThemandibleisthebodysupportforthemandibularteethAndisalsotheinsertionforthefourprimarymusclesofmasticationandtheaccessorymusclesofmastication.ItisthemovableportionoftheTMJarticulationwiththetemporalbone,TheMusclesofMastication-Thechiefmusclesofmasticationare:

Masseter.MedialPterygoideusLateralPterygoideusTemporalis.NerveMandibulardivisionofTrigeminalNerve,maxilla,Themaxillaisafusionoftwobonesalongthepalatalfissurethatformtheupperjawhassocketsforupperteeth,PartsBodyFourprocessesThezygomaticprocessThefrontalprocessThealveolarprocessThepalatineprocess,NOMENCLATURE,DECIDUOUSDENTITION:

Centralincisior=ALateralincisior=BCanine=C1StDecidiousmolar=D2ndDecidiousmolar=E,Deciduousdentition,PERMANENTDENTITION:

Centralincisior=1Lateralincisior=2Canine=31stpremolar=42ndpremolar=51stpermanentmolar=62ndpermanentmolar=73rdpermanentmolar=8,Permanentdentition,