全国高等教育语言与文化自考试题.docx

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全国高等教育语言与文化自考试题.docx

全国高等教育语言与文化自考试题

 全国2011年1月高等教育自学考试

  语言与文化试题

  课程代码:

00838

  I.Eachofthefollowingincompletestatementsisfollowedbyfouralternatives.Readeachstatementandthefouralternativescarefullyanddecidewhichofthefouralternativesbestcompletesthestatement.(20%)

  1.Languageis________,whichmeansthatspeechisprimarywhilewritingissecondary.()

  A.arbitraryB.dual

  C.vocalD.symbolic

  2.Initsnarrowsense“________”iscontrastedwithothercultures.()

  A.alanguageB.aculture

  C.ahumanbehaviourD.athinkingpattern

  3.________meaningiswhatapieceoflanguageconveysaboutthesocialcircumstancesofits

  use.()

  A.SocialB.Reflected

  C.ThematicD.Conceptual

  4.“Equalitarianism”isa________wordinEnglish.()

  A.newB.negative

  C.neutralD.positive

  5.InEnglish________morphemesareinflectionalmorphemesrepresentingsuchcategoriesasnumber,case,tense,etc.()

  A.derivationalB.free

  C.grammaticalD.bound

  6.Onomatopoeicwordsaremainlyusedasnounsandverbsin().

  A.ChineseB.English

  C.bothEnglishandChineseD.neitherEnglishnorChinese

  7.Whichofthefollowingexpressionscanfunctionasawayofgreetingothers?

()

  A.Whoiscalling?

  B.Howiseverything?

  C.Ibegyourpardon.

  D.WouldyouliketocometodinnernextSaturday?

  8.InEnglishspeakingculture,“________”isusedwhenpeopleneedtopassinfrontofothers.()

  A.Iamsorry.B.Letmego,please.

  C.Excuseme.D.It’sOK.

  9._______meansthedrawingofageneralconclusionfromanumberofknownfacts.()

  A.DeductionB.Induction

  C.IntroductionD.Production

  10.“Romeo”isa/an________originatedfromShakespeare’splay.()

  A.proverbB.idiom

  C.allusionD.simile

11.“Myhandsareascoldasice”isanexampleof_______.()

  A.similesB.metaphors

  C.proverbsD.allusions

  12.“Hewas__________overhisdismissal.”simplymeans“Hewassadforhisdismissal”.()

  A.greenB.grey

  C.pinkD.blue

  13.InEnglishculture,apraiseisnormallyacceptedwithappreciation.So“______”mightfunctionroughlythesameinEnglishas“哪里”inChinese.()

  A.No.B.It’sverykindofyoutosayso.

  C.Where?

D.Notatall.

  14.WhichofthefollowingtopicsisNOTataboointheconversationwithawesterner?

()

  A.PersonalincomeB.Sports

  C.PoliticalviewsD.Religiousbeliefs

  15.Slumswherethepoorandthecolouredraceslivemaybereferredtoas________.()

  A.downtownB.uptown

  C.ethnicneighbourhoodD.racialneighbourhood

  16.—Areyougoinghome?

  —Yes,Iam.

  Theabovesentencesexhibit________.()

  A.coherenceB.cohesion

  C.paradoxD.coexistence

  17.Johndidn’tgotoJapan.Instead,hewenttoFrance.

  Thelogicalrelationshipbetweentheabovesentencesis().

  A.additiveB.adversative

  C.causalD.temporal

  18.ThemoststrikingphoneticdifferencebetweenAmericanandBritishEnglishisthepronunciationof_________inwords.()

  A.“r”B.“a”

  C.“wh”D.“er”

  19.“Chewingone’sfingernails”signifies______.()

  A.contemptB.guilty

  C.happinessD.worry

  20.Theexpression“tokickthebucket”means______.()

  A.“tobeangry”B.“togoaway”

  C.“todie”D.“togetout”

II.Eachofthefollowingincompletestatementsisfollowedbyfouralternatives.Readeachstatementandthefouralternativescarefullyanddecidewhichalternativescancompletethestatement.Theremightbemorethanonecorrectanswer.(10%)

  21.“Thedoorlockseasily.”illustratesthefactthat______inEnglish.()

  A.grammaticalmorphemesarestillimportant

  B.implicitpassivesareacceptable

  C.nounscanbepluralized

  D.verbscanbefollowedbyadjectives

  22.“Self-mademan”isapositiveexpressioninEnglishbecauseEnglishcultureemphasizes______.()

  A.individualismB.independence

  C.privacyD.aggression

  23.“Tobeallthumbs”issynonymousto______.()

  A.“tobeclumsy”B.“tobeproud”

  C.“tobegoodatdoingsomething”D.“tobebadatdoingsomething”

  24.Itissafetosaythatlanguageisaninstrumentusedin______ofthought.()

  A.communicationB.shaping

  C.expressionD.generation

  25.Theexamplesofallusionsfromhistoryare______.()

  A.aTrojanhorseB.Marathon

  C.WaterlooD.anUncleTom

  26.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofmetaphoricalexpressionsindailyconversations?

()

  A.Poplookedsounhappy,almostlikeachildwhohaslosthispieceofcandy.

  B.Whathesaidleftabadtasteinmymouth.

  C.Heisafatherofmodernbiology.

  D.HereisanideathatI’dliketoplantinyourmind.

  27.Honorificsareveryoftenusedtoshow______toone’sinterlocutorsnomatterwhethertheyareofhighersocialstatus.()

  A.contemptB.respect

  C.politenessD.jealousy

  28.Whichofthefollowingarerelatedtothespeakingstyle?

()

  A.FrozenB.Formal

  C.CasualD.Intimate

  29.WhichofthefollowingEnglishbrandnamesarecoinages?

()

  A.TraneB.Playtex

  C.PierreD.Cartan

  30.Bodylanguageincludessuchmeaningrepresentingdevicesas().

  A.artifactsB.gestures

  C.dressD.facialexpressions

  Ⅲ.Fillineachunderlinedspacewithaproperexpression.(20%)

  31.Thestatement“Languagesdiffernotsomuchastowhatcanbesaidinthem,butratherastowhatitisrelativelyeasytosayinthem.”showsthatlanguageinfluences________.

  32.Thekinshipterms“brother”,“sister”,andothersshowthat________oftherelativesofthesamegenerationisoftenignoredinEnglish.

  33.Englishismore________thanChineseasfarastheconnectionbetweenlanguageelementswithinorbeyondsentencesisconcerned.

  34.InEnglishspeakingculture,itis________foramaleEnglishspeakertocomplimentonfemalesontheirgoodlooks.

  35.“Tohitandrun”isanallusionrelatedto________.

  36.SometimesEnglishpeoplewilltellawhite________,whentheyfeelitismerelymoreconvenientorpolitethantellingthetruth.

  37.________arepleasant,politeorharmlesssoundingwordsorexpressionsusedtomaskharsh,rudeorinfamoustruths.

  38.Hypotacticrelationsatthesententiallevelrefertoconstructionswhosecomponentsarelinkedthroughtheuseof________.

  39.Torespondtoone’scompliment,peopleinEnglishspeakingcountriestendtosay“________”.

  40.Ofthefivecategoriesofgestures____________areperhapsthemostimportantonebecausetheyareintentionalbehaviourswithwidelyagreedmeaningsinasociety.

  IV.Answerthefollowingquestionsbriefly.(12%)

  41.Whyisitsaidthattherelationshipbetweenlanguageandcultureisnotsimplythatbetweenapartandthewhole?

  42.Whatdoestheword“peasant”inEnglishconnote?

  43.Fromwhichlanguageistheword“cookie”borrowed?

  44.Whatisafuture-orientedsociety?

  V.Translation.(18%)

  45.Notforal!

theteainChina.

  46.Heisablue-collarworker.

  47.Ifthechangeisamajoroneinvolvingsubstance,Iwillappreciateyourlettingmeknowbeforehand.

  48.您有何高见?

  49.他抓住我的胳膊。

  50.你穿这件毛衣很好。

  VI.Discussthefollowingtopics.(20%)

  51.Are“please”inEnglishand“请”inChineseusedinthesamewayincommunication?

Iftheyarenot,whatdifferencescanyoufindbetweenthem?

  52.ItissaidthatthefrequentuseofhonorificsinChineseisassociatedwiththetraditionalstratifiedsocietyandalonghistoryofcivilization.Why?

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