高考英语 阅读理解分类汇编之新闻报道类.docx

高考英语 阅读理解分类汇编之新闻报道类.docx

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高考英语阅读理解分类汇编之新闻报道类

1.（2011·山东卷）D

Sincethe1970s,scientistshavebeensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithcomputers.Brain-computerinterface（BCI）technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandstomachines.

Recently,tworesearchers,JoseMilanandMicheleTavellafromtheFederalPolytechnicschoolinLausanne,Switzerland,demonstrated（展示）asmallroboticwheelchairdirectedbyaperson’sthoughts.

Inthelaboratory,Tavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrightband.Hecouldeventalkashewatchedthevehicleandguideditwithhisthoughts.

“ourbrainhasbillionsofnerveceils.Thesesendsignalsthroughthespinalcord（脊髓）tothe

musclestogiveustheabilitytomove.Butspinalcordinjuriesorotherconditionscanpreventtheseweakelectricalsignalsfromreachingthemuscles,”Tavellasays.“Oursystemallowsdisabledpeopletocommunicatewithexternalworldandalsotocontroldevices.”

Theresearchersdesignedaspecialcapfortheuser.Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfromthescalp（头皮）andsendsthemtoacomputer.Thecomputerinterpretsthesignalsandcommandsthemotorizedwheelchair.Thewheelchairalsohastwocamerasthatidentifyobjectsinitspath.

Theyhelpthecomputerreacttocommandsfromthebrain.

Prof.Milan,theteamleader,saysscientistskeepimprovingthecomputersoftwarethatinterpretsbrainsignalsandturnsthemintosimplecommands.“ThepracticalpossibilitiesthatBCItechnologyofferstodisabledpeoplecanbegroupedintwocategories:

communication,andcontrollingdevices.Oneexampleisthiswheelchair.”

Hesayshisteamhassettwogoals.Oneistestingwithrealpatients,soastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom.Andtheotheristoguaranteethattheycanusethetechnologyoverlongperiodsoftime.

A.helptoupdatecomputersystems B.linkthehumanbrainwithcomputers

C.helpthedisabledtorecover D.controlaperson'sthoughts

72.How"didTavellaoperatethewheelchairinthelaboratory?

A.Bycontrollinghismuscles. B.Bytalkingtothemachine.

用心

爱心

专心

-6-

C.Bymovinghishand. D.Byusinghismind.

73.WhichofthefollowingshowsthepathofthesignalsdescribedinParagraph5?

A.scalp→computer→cap→wheelchair

B.computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair

C.scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair

D.cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair

74.Theteamwilltestwithrealpatientsto

A.makeprofitsfromthem B.provethetechnologyusefultothem

C.makethemlivelonger D.learnabouttheirphysicalcondition

75.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Switzerland,theBCIResearchCenter

B.NewFindingsAboutHowtheHumanBrainWorks

C.BCICouldMeanMoreFreedomfortheDisabled

D.RoboticVehiclesCouldHelptoCureBrainInjuries

【解析】：

71-75:

BDCBC

【语篇解读】本文是一则新闻报道，介绍了Brain-computerinterface（BCI）技术的发明，原理和对残疾人带来的益处。

71.B。

细节理解题。

从第一段第一句话可知。

72.D．细节理解题。

见第二段“Tavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingabout

movinghisleftorrightband.”。

73.C.细节理解题。

见第五段描述。

74.B．细节推断题。

见最后一段“toprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom.”，证明他们可以从中获得的好处。

75.C.主旨大意题。

本文是新闻文体，因此要关注首段的中心，由首段的第二句话“Brain-computerinterface（BCI）technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandstomachines.”推断选C。

2.（2011·湖北卷）C

Intoday’sthrowawaysociety,dealingwiththecity’sgrowingmountainofwasteisaninereasingchallengeforthecitycountil（市议会）。

Recently.Edinburghisfacedwiththeproblemofdssposingof处（理）about250,000

Milliontonsofwasterayear.Despitedifferentwaystodisposeofmuchofitinagreen

manner---largelythroughencouragingtecycling---itsagingfacilitiessuchasthePowderhalllandfilldonothavetheabilitytodealwithit.

TheEuropeanUnion（EU）hasissuedanewpolicy,regulatinghowsuchmountainsofwasteraretohrdisposedof.Thefivecouncils（Edinburgh.EastLothian.WestLothian.MidlethianandBorders）facefinearound$18millionayearfrom2013ittheydon’tinereaserecyclinglevelsandrelylessonlandfill.Withthisinmind,thecoumllsgottogetherwiththeideaofbuildingalageincineratorplant

（垃圾焚烧厂）toburnhalfofthewasteproducedintheirdistricts.Buttheplanfellapartafterthe

changeoftargetlevelsbyanewUKgovernmentwastepolicywhichrequiredthatnomorethan25%ofthecity’swasteshouldbedisposedofinthiswayby2025.

Aftertheplanwasabandoned,aprivatecompanywhichalreadytransportedmillionsoftonsofthecity’swastbytraintoalandfillsitenearDunbar,offeredanalternativesoutionwhenitsuggestedopeningahugewastesitenearPortobello.

SincePowderhallissupposedtoclosein2015,itseemednecessaryforthemembersoftheEdinburghCounciltoacceptthesuggestion.Butsoontheyturneditdown—after700localobjectionsreachedthem—becauseitwouldhavemeanthundredsoflorriesadaymakingloudnoisethroughheavilypopulatedareas.

Thatstillleavesethcouncilwithaproblem.By2013,only50%of1995levelsofwastewillbenllewedtobesenttolandfill.Evenifrecvelinglargearemet,therewillstillbealargeamountofrubbishtobeburntup.DuebuildanEdinburghandMidlothiancouncilshavenowdecidedtoworktogethertobuildanineineratorplantastimetofindasolutionisfastrunningout.

59.ThemainwayofhandlingwasteinagreenmanmerinEdinburghis .

A.recyeling B.restoring C.burying D.burning

60.Thefivecouncilsworkedoutaplantobuildanincineratorplantto .

A.reducetheroastofburyingwaste

B.meetstheEUrequirements

C.speedupwasterecycling

D.tempterlandfillsites

61.ThecitycouncilofEdinburghrejectedthesuggestiontoopenahugelandfillsitenearPortobellobecause .

A.anamefromaprivatecompany

B.thecomelierwasnotinterestedinit

C.itwasnotsupportsbyEU

D.thelocalpoodlewaswaistit

62.WhatisthefinaldreamanEdinburghandMidlothianCountry?

A.Toopenanewlandfillnearby

B.Toclosethepowderhalllandfillin2015

C.Tosetupaplanforburningwaste

D.Topersuadepeopletodeducetheirwaste.

【答案】ABDC3.（2011·广东卷）D

Inaworldwithlimitedland,waterandothernaturalresources（资源）,theharmfromthetraditionalbusinessmodelisontherise.Actually,thepastdecadehasseenmoreandmoreforestsdisppearingandtheglobebecomingincreasinglywarm.Peoplenowrealizethatthisunheathysituationmustbechanged,andthatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainable（可持续的）ways.Thatmeansgrowthwithlowcarbonordevelopmentofsustainableproducts.Inotherwords,weshouldkeepthehealthywhileusingitssupplyofnaturalresources.

Today,sustainabledevelopmentisapopulartrendinmanycountries. Accordingtoarecentstudy,theglobalmarketforlow-carbonenergywillbecomethreetimesbiggeroverthenextdecade.China,forexample,hassetitsmindonleadingthatmarket,hopingtoseizechancesinthenewroundoftheglobalenergyresolution.Itisnowtryinghardtomadefulluseofwindandsolarenergy,andisspendingahugeamountofmoneymakingelectriccarsandhigh-speedtrains.Inaddition,wearealsoseeinggreatgrowthintheglobalmarketsforsustainableproductssuchaspalmoil（棕榈油）,whichisproducedwithoutcuttingdownvaluaberainforest.Inrecentyearsthemarketsforsustainableproductshavegrownmorethan50%.

Governmentscanfullydevelopthepotentialofthesenewmarkets.First,theycansethightargetsforreducingcarbonemissions（排放）andtargetsforsavingandreusingenergy.Besides,strongerarrangementofpublicresouceslikeforestscanalsohelptospeedupthedevelopment.

Finally,governmentscanavoidthehugepublicexpensesthataretakingusinthewrongdirection,andredirectingsomeofthoseexpensescanaccerlaratethechangefromthetraditionalmodeltoa

sustainableone.

Themajorchallengeofthiscenturyistofindwaystomeettheneedsofagrowingpopulationwithinthelimitsofthissingleplanet.Thatisnosmalltask,butitoffersabundantnewchancesforsustainableproductindustries.

41.ThetraditionalbusinessmodelisharmfulbecauseofallthefollowingEXCEPTthat .A.itmakestheworldwarmer

B.itconsumesnaturalresouces

C.itbringsseveredamagetofuture

D.itmakesgrowthhardtocontinue

42.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?

A.Chinalackswindandsolarenergy

B.Chinaistheleaderofthelow-carbonmarket

C.High-speedtrainsarealow-carbondevelopment

D.Palmoilismadeatthecostofvaluableforests

43.Tofullydevelopthelow-carbonmarketsgovernmentscan .

A.cutpublicexpenses

B.forbidcarbonemission

C.developpublicresousces

D.encourageenergyconservation

44.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatbusinesshavemanychancesto .

A.developsustainableproducts

B.explorenewnaturalresousces

C.makefulluseofnaturalresousces

D.dealwiththemajorchallenge

45.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Tointroduceanewbusinessmodel

B.Tocomparetwobusinessmodels

C.Topredictachangeoftheglobalmarkets

D.Toadvocatesustainabledevelopment

【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。

文章阐述了传统经济发展模式给地球带来了许多危害。

这种发展模式破坏了毁坏了森林、使全球气候变暖等。

现在低碳、可持续的经济发展模式成为许多国家的发展主流方向。

中国政府正在充分发挥潜能大力开发新的低耗能、低排放的新能源市场。

41.B考查细节理解。

根据第一段可知：

传统经济发展模式的危害是使全球气候变暖、不能持续发展、给未来发展造成损失。

所以B正确。

42.B考查推理判断。

综合第二段的China,forexample,hassetitsmindonleadingthatmarket,

hopingtoseizechancesinthenewroundoftheglobalenergyresolution及段意可知：

中国在绿色环保、低能减排的市场上成为领军国家。

故选B。

43.D考查推理判断。

根据First,theycansethigh targetsforreducingcarbonemissions（排放）andtargetsforsavingandreusingenergy可知选D。

44.A考查推理