英语四级篇章听力.docx
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英语四级篇章听力
Passage1
TownandCountryLifeinEngland
ThereisabigdifferencebetweentownlifeandcountrylifeinEngland.Inthecountry,everybodyknowseverybodyelse.Theyknowwhattimeyougetup,whattimeyougotobedandwhatyouhavefordinner.Ifyouwanthelp,youwillalwaysgetitandyouwillbegladtohelpothers.
InalargetownlikeLondon,however,itcansometimeshappenthatyouhaveneverseenyournextdoorneighborandyoudonotknowhisnameoranythingabouthim.PeopleinLondonareoftenverylonely.Thisisbecausepeoplegotodifferentplacesintheeveningsandatweekends.IfyouwalkthroughthestreetsinthecentreofLondononSunday,itislikeatownwithoutpeople.Oneissorryforoldpeoplelivingontheirown.Theycoulddieintheirhomesandwouldnotbediscoveredforweeksorevenmonths.(154words.)
Passage2
AChangeinWomen’sLife
Theimportantchangeinwomen’slife-patternhasonlyrecentlybeguntohaveitsfulleffectonwomen’seconomicposition.Evenafewyearsagomostgirlsleftschoolatthefirstopportunity,andmostofthemtookafull-timejob.However,whentheymarried,theyusuallyleftworkatonceandneverreturnedtoit.Todaytheschool-leavingageissixteen,manygirlsstayatschoolafterthatage,andthoughwomentendtomarryyounger,moremarriedwomenstayatworkatleastuntilshortlybeforetheirfirstchildisborn.Verymanymoreafterwardsreturntofull-timeorpart-timework.Suchchangeshaveledtoanewrelationshipinmarriage,withhusbandacceptingagreatershareofthedutiesandsatisfactionsoffamilylifeandwithbothhusbandandwifesharingmoreequallyinprovidingthemoney,andrunningthehome,accordingtotheabilitiesandinterestsoneachofthem.(154words)
Passage3
APopularPastimeoftheEnglishPeople
Oneofthebestmeansofunderstandingthepeopleofanynationiswatchingwhattheydowiththeirnon-workingtime.
MostEnglishmen,womenandchildrenlovegrowingthings,especiallyflowers.VisitorstoEnglandinspring,summer,orautumnarelikelytoseegardensallthewayalongtherailwaylines.Thereareflowersattheairportsandflowersinfactorygrounds,aswellasingardensalongtheroads.EachEnglishtownhasatleastoneparkwithbeautifullykeptflowerbeds.Publicbuildingsofeverykindhavebrilliantwindowboxesandsometimesbasketsofflowersarehangingonthem.
ButwhattheEnglishenjoymostisgrowingthingsthemselves.Ifitisimpossibletohaveagarden,thenawidowboxorsomethinggrowinginapotwilldo.Lookingateachother’sgardensisapopularpastimewiththeEnglish.(144words.)
Passage4
BritishandAmericanPoliceOfficers
Realpolicemen,bothinBritainandtheU.S.,hardlyrecognizeanycommonpointsbetweentheirlivesandwhattheyseeonTV—iftheyevergethomeintime.Somethingsareaboutthesame,ofcourse,butthepolicemendonotthinkmuchofthem.Thefirstdifferenceisthatapoliceman’sreallifedealswiththelaw.Mostofwhathelearnsisthelaw.Hehastoknowactuallywhatactionsareagainstthelawandwhatfactscanbeusedtoprovethemincourt.Hehastoknownearlyasmuchlawasalawyer,andwhat’smore,hehastoputitintopracticeonhisfeet,inthedarkand,runningdownanarrowstreetaftersomeonehewantstotalkto.Littleofhistimeisspentintalkingwithbeautifulgirlsorinbravelyfacingcruelcriminals.Hewillspendmostofhisworkinglifearrangingmillionsofwordsonthousandsofformsabouthundredsofsad,ordinarypeoplewhoareguilty—ornotofstupid,unimportantcrimes.(177words)
Passage5
LivingSpace
Howmuchlivingspacedoesapersonneed?
Whathappenswhenhisspaceneedsarenotmet?
Scientistsaredoingexperimentsonratstotrytodeterminetheeffectsofovercrowdedconditionsonman.Recentstudieshaveshownthatthebehaviorofratsisgreatlyaffectedbyspace.Ifratshaveenoughlivingspace,theyeatwell,sleepwellandproducetheiryoungwell.Butiftheirlivingconditionsbecometoocrowded,theirbehaviorandeventheirhealthchangeobviously.Theycannotsleepandeatwell,andsignsoffearandworrybecomeclear.Themorecrowdedtheyare,themoretheytendtobiteeachotherandevenkilleachother.Thus,forrats,populationandviolencearedirectlyrelated.Isthisanaturallawforhumansocietyaswell?
Isenoughspacenotonlysatisfactory,butnecessaryforhumansurvival?
Theseareinterestingquestions.(147words)
Passage6
TheUnitedNations
In1945,representativesof50nationsmettoplanthisorganization.ItwascalledtheUnitedNations.Afterthewar,manymorenationsjoined.TherearetwomajorpartsoftheUnitedNations.OneiscalledtheGeneralAssembly.IntheGeneralAssembly,everymembernationisrepresentedandhasanequalvote.ThesecondpartiscalledtheSecurityCouncil.Ithasrepresentativesofjust15nations.Fivenationsarepermanentmembers:
theUnitedStates,Russia,France,BritainandChina.The10othermembersareelectedeverytwoyearsbytheGeneralAssembly.ThemajorjoboftheSecurityCouncilistokeeppeaceintheworld.Ifnecessary,itcansendtroopsfrommembernationstotrytostoplittlewarsbeforetheyturnintobigones.
ItishardtogetthenationsoftheSecurityCounciltoagreeonwhenthisisnecessary.Buttheydidvotetotrytostopwars.(156words)
Passage7
Plastic
Weuseplasticwraptoprotectourfoods.Weputourgarbageinplasticbagsorplasticcans.Wesitonplasticchairs,playwithplastictoys,drinkfromplasticcups,andwashourhairwithshampoofromplasticbottles!
Plasticdoesn’tgrowinnature.Itismadebymixingcertainthingstogether.Wecallitaproducedormanufacturedmaterial.Plasticwasfirstmadeinthe1860sfromplants,suchaswoodandcotton.Thatplasticwassoftandburnedeasily.Thefirstmodernplasticsweremadein1930s.Mostclearplasticstartsoutasthick,blackoil.Thatplasticcoatinginsideapanbeginsasnaturalgas.Overtheyears,hundredsofdifferentplasticshavebeendeveloped.Somearehardandstrong.Somearesoftandbendable.Someareclear.Somearemany-colored.Thereisaplasticforalmosteveryneed.Scientistscontinuetoexperimentwithplastics.Theyhopetofindevenwaystousethem!
(160words)
Passage8
DisplayofGoods
Aresupermarketsdesignedtopersuadeustobuymore?
Freshfruitandvegetablesaredisplayednearsupermarketentrances.Thisgivestheimpressionthatonlyhealthyfoodissoldintheshop.Basicfoodsthateveryonebuys,likesugarandtea,arenotputneareachother.Theyarekeptindifferentaislessocustomersaretakenpastotherattractivefoodsbeforetheyfindwhattheywant.Inthisway,shoppersareencouragedtobuyproductsthattheydonotreallyneed.Sweetsareoftenplacedatchildren’seyelevelatthecheckout.Whileparentsarewaitingtopay,childrenreachforthesweetsandputtheminthetrolley.Moreisboughtfromafifteen-footdisplayofonetypeofproductthanfromaten-footone.Customersalsobuymorewhenshelvesarefullthanwhentheyahalfempty.Theydonotliketobuyfromshelveswithfewproductsonthembecausetheyfeelthereissomethingwrongwiththoseproductsthatarethere.(166words)
Passage9
AlbertEinstein
AlbertEinsteinwasborninGermanyin1879.Hisfatherownedafactorythatmadeelectricaldevices.Hismotherenjoyedmusicandbooks.HisparentswereJewishbuttheydidnotobservemanyofthereligion’srules.Albertwasaquietchildwhospentmuchofhistimealone.Hewasslowtotalkandhaddifficultylearningtoread.WhenAlbertwasfiveyearsold,hisfathergavehimacompass.Thechildwasfilledwithwonderwhenhediscoveredthatthecompassneedlealwayspointedinthesamedirection—tothenorth.Heaskedhisfatherandhisunclewhatcausedtheneedletomove.Theiranswersaboutmagnetismandgravityweredifficultfortheboytounderstand.Yethespentalotoftimethinkingaboutthem.Hesaidlaterthathefeltsomethinghiddenhadtobebehindthings.(143words.)
Passage10
PrivateCars
Withtheincreaseinthegeneralstandardofliving,someordinaryChinesefamiliesbegintoaffordacar.Yetopinionsofthedevelopmentofaprivatecarvaryfrompersontoperson.Itgivesamuchgreaterdegreeofcomfortandmobility.Theownerofacarisnolongerforcedtorelyonpublictransport,andhencenoirritationcausedbywaitingforbusesortaxis.However,othersstronglyobjecttodevelopingprivatecars.Theymaintainthatasmoreandmorecarsareproducedandruninthestreet,alargevolumeofpoisonousgaswillbegivenoff,pollutingtheatmosphereandcausingactualharmtothehealthofpeople.WhetherprivatecarsshouldbedevelopedinChinaisadifficultquestiontoanswer,yetthedesireforthecomfortandindependenceaprivatecarcanbringwillnotbeeliminated.(143words)
Passage11
AHenpeckedHusbandandHisWife
Therewasoncealarge,fatwomanwhohadasmall,thinhusband.HehadajobinabigcompanyandwasgivenhisweeklywageseveryFridayevening.AssoonashegothomeonFridays,hiswifeusedtomakehimgiveherallhismoney,andthensheusedtogivehimbackonlyenoughtobuyhislunchinhiscompanyeveryday.Oneday,thesmallmancamehomeveryexcited.Hehurriedintotheliving-room.Hiswifewaslisteningtotheradioandeatingchocolatesthere.
“Youwillneverguesswhathappenedtometoday,dear,”hesaid.Hewaitedforafewsecondsandthenadded,“Iwontenthousanddollarsonthelottery!
”“Thatiswonderful!
”saidhiswifedelightedly.Butthenshepulledalongfaceandaddedangrily,“Buthowcouldyouaffordtobuytheticket?
”(148words)
Passage12
AYoungMan’sPromise
Onedaya