外文参考文献及翻译.docx

外文参考文献及翻译.docx

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外文参考文献及翻译

StudyontheTaxPlanningofEnterpriseIncomeTax

VogtWollen

E-mail:

chc0910.

DepartmentofAccountingandFinancialAffairs,WashingtonUniversity

Tel:

86-24-8168-1354E-mail:

agjie126.

Abstract

Theenterpriseincometaxoccupiesveryimportantstatusinthetaxpayingofenterprise,andithaslargespaceoftaxplanning.Underthebackgroundthatthenewenterpriseincometaxlawwasissued,wediscussedtheproblemhowtousetaxplanningtoreducethetaxburdenofenterpriseandrealizethemaximizationofthetotalprofitfortheenterprise.Inthisarticle,westudiedthetaxfinancinginthestageofenterprisefinancingfromtheselectionoffinancingmodeandtheconfirmationoffinancingchannel,andputforwardthattheenterpriseshouldselecttheliabilityfinancingmodetothelargestextentinthecriticalriskrangeofequitystructure.Westudiedthetaxplanninginthestageofinvestmentofenterprisefromthreeaspectsincludingcorrectlyselectingtheinvestmentdirection,confirmingproperenterpriseorganizationformandselectingtaxsavinginvestmentsubject.Westudiedthetaxplanningfromtwoaspectssuchasincomeandchargededuction.Westudiedthetaxplanninginthedistributionstageofenterprisemanagementresultfromfirstutilizingtaxableincometocompensatetheloss,thelossrecoveringsequenceofdomesticinvestmentprofitreturnandtheprofitdistributionstrategyinthelowtaxregion.Foraboveaspects,weallputforwardourownnewtheoreticalopinions.

Keywords:

Enterpriseincometax,Taxplanning,Taxpreference

Comparingwiththeoldenterpriseincomelaw,thenewenterpriseincomelawchangedinmanyaspectssuchasthetaxpayer,thepre-taxdeduction,andthetaxpreference,whichputforwardnewtaskforthetaxplanningoftheenterpriseincometax.Underthebackgroundofnewenterpriseincometax,wewilldiscussthetaxplanninginthemainstagessuchastheenterprisefinancing,investment,managementanddistribution.

1.Taxplanninginthestageofenterprisefinancing

Thetaxplanningoftheincometaxinthestageofenterprisefinancingmainlyincludesthecontentsaboutthefinancingmodeandthefinancingchannel.

1.1Taxplanningoffinancingmode

Thefinancingmodesofenterprisemainlyincludetheequityfinancingandliabilityfinancing,andtwodifferentfinancingmodeswillproducedifferenttaxresults.Generallyspeaking,underthefixedtaxratelevel,theliabilityfinancingcanproducetheinterestrigidcostwhichcanbereportedbeforetax.Whentheaccountprofitisadjustedasthetaxableincome,thetaxlawallowsthattheinterestexpenditureinducedbytheliabilitycanbedeductedbeforetaxinthesameinterestrateregulatedbytheBankinthesameperiod,whichequalsthatthestatefinanceassumesaquarterofinterestcostfrotheenterprise.Theequityfinancingistheflexiblecostofbonusstockwhichcanbereportedaftertax.Themodethattheenterpriseprovidesbonusstockanddividendtotheinvestorsisonlyoneitemofthedistractionofpost-taxprofit（netprofit）,anditmustbedistributedaftertax.Thetaxsavingdifferencebetweentwofinancingmodesisveryobvious.Intheequitystructureofenterprise,theproportionoftheliabilityequityishigher,andthesavingeffectofthetaxcostismoresignificant.Sounderthepremisethattherateoforreturnoninvestmentishigherthantheliabilitycostrate,enhancingtheproportionofliabilityfinancingwillbringextraeconomicbenefitsfortheowneroftheenterprise,andfinallyincreasethevalueoftheenterprise.Butweshouldalsopayattentiontothatwillincreasethefinancialriskoftheenterprise,andexcessiveliabilitywilleveninducetheabnormalityoftheenterpriseequitystructure,andtheliabilitycrisiswillmakethefinancialstatusoftheenterprisefallintocollapse.Therefore,beforetheenterprisemakesthetaxplanningoffinancingmode,itmustensurethattheequitystructureisinthecriticalriskrange.

1.2Taxplanningofenterprisefinancingchannel

Thefinancingchannelsofenterprisemainlyincludebankloan,self-accumulationofenterprise,inter-enterpriselending,interiorcollectionofenterprise,bondorstockissuanceandcommercialcredit.Underusualsituation,thesequenceofthetaxburdenfromheavytolightisself-accumulationofenterprise,bankloan,inter-enterpriselendingandinteriorcollectionofenterprise.Theprincipleoftaxplanningoffinancingchannelisthatunderthepremisethattheequitystructureistoselectthechannelwithhigherprofitandlowerharminthecriticalriskrange,throughcomparingtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofvariousfinancingchannels.

2.Taxplanningintheinvestmentstageofenterprise

Forthetaxplanningintheinvestmentstageofenterprise,wemainlyconsiderthreeaspects,i.e.theselectionofinvestmentdirection,theselectionofenterpriseorganizationformandtheselectionofinvestmentmode.

2.1Selectingcorrectinvestmentdirection

Thenewenterpriseincometaxestablishedthenewtaxpreferencewhichgaveprioritytotheindustrialpreference,assistedbytheregionalpreference,givingattentiontothesocialadvancement.Investorsshouldselecttheinvestmentindustrytoreducethetaxburdenaccordingtotheregulationsaboutthenationalindustrialpoliciesandtaxpreference,andresponsetheindustrialpolicyguidanceofthegovernment.First,becausetheindustrialselectpossessesstrategicmeaningsforthedevelopmenttrendoftheenterprise,sowhentheinvestorsmakethedecisionofindustrialinvestment,theyshouldscientificallydemonstratetheinvestmentandcarefullymakethedecision,andtheyshouldconsidernotonlytheirownindustrialadvantages,butalsonationalindustrialsupportpolicies,industrialtaxpreferencepolicies,andmaketherareresourcesoftheenterprisetothegreensunriseindustriessuchastheagriculture,scientifictechnology,environmentprotectionandenergysaving.Second,theenterpriseincometaxregulatedregionalpreferenceforChinesewesternregions,minorityregionsandspecialeconomiczones,andtheenterpriseshouldstudyoutmultipleselectableinvestmentprogramsinpossibleinvestmentregions,anditshouldnotonlycomparethecostincomesofvariousregionalinvestmentprograms,butcomparethetaxlevelsofvariousprograms,andmakethecomprehensiveevaluationforthecomprehensivebenefitsofvariousregionalinvestmentprograms,whichcannotonlyreducethetaxburden,butfindtheregionalinvestmentprogramwithmaximumeconomicbenefit.

2.2Selectingproperenterpriseorganizationform

Thetaxplanningofenterpriseorganizationformshouldmainlyconsiderfourpartsincludingestablishment,expansion,divisionandmerger.First,wewillstudythetaxplanningwhentheenterpriseisestablishedandselecttheorganizationform.Accordingtotheorganizationform,theenterprisetypesincludeindividualproprietorshipenterprise,partnershipenterpriseandlimitedcorporationwhichcanbedividedintolimitedliabilitycompanyandjointstocklimitedpartnership,andbecausethetaxsystemregulatesdifferenttaxburdenlevelsfortheenterpriseswithdifferentorganizationforms,sotheestablishmentcostsandadvantagesofdifferentorganizationformsaredifferent,andthetaxisoneoffactorsweshouldconsiderwhenweselecttheorganizationformoftheenterprise.Especiallywhentheorganizationformoftheenterprisehaslargeinfluencetotheproductionandmanagement,thetaxwillbetheimportantfactorwhichweshouldconsider,andinvestorscanselecttheorganizationformoftheenterprisetoreducethetaxburdenfortheenterprise.Second,wewillresearchthetaxplanningwhentheenterpriseisexpandedandneedstoselecttheorganizationform.Enterprisealwaysactualizesthescaleexpansionbyincreasingbranches,butthetaxpoliciesforthebrancheswithdifferentformsinthetaxlawareobviouslydifferent,soenterpriseshouldselecttheorganizationformofthebranch.Forthefilialeandthesubsidiarycompany,theyrespectivelyhavetheiradvantagesanddisadvantagesforthetax,sothelossofthebranchcancounteractthegainoftheparentcompanyandreducethetotaltaxableincomeofthecompany.Thesubsidiarycompanyandtheparentcompanyareregardedastwoentitiesinthelaw,butthesubsidiarycompanycanobtainvarioustaxpreferencepoliciesregulatedbythelawsorlocalgovernment.Sotheenterpriseshouldcomprehensivelyconsidertheprofitabilityofthebranchwhenitselectstheformofthebranch,anditshouldadopttheformoffilialewhenthebranchisinthelossperiod,andadopttheformofsubsidiarycompanywhenthebranchisintheprofitperiod.Third,wewillstudythetaxplanninginthedivisionandmergeroftheenterprise.Accordingtotheregulationsoftheenterpriseincomelaw,enterprisesshouldpaytheincometaxby25%,butitalsoregulatesthatthesmall-sizedprofit-makingenterprisecanpaytheincometaxby20%,sothemiddleandsmall-sizedenterprisecanadoptthedivisionmeasuretoseparatethebranchfromtheenterprisetoreducethetaxableincomeandthetaxburden.Theenterpriseincometaxregulatesthattheprofitableenterpriseannexesunprofitableenterprise,itcanusetheaccumulatedlossoftheunprofitableenterprisetocounteracttheprofitoftheprofitableenterpriseandreducethetaxableincomeandthetaxburden.Therefore,inthemergerofenterprises,theprofitableenterprisecanreducetheenterpriseincometaxbyannexingunprofitableenterprises.

2.3Selectingtheinvestmentsubjectoftaxsaving

Accordingtodifferentformsofinvestmentsubject,theinvestmentofenterprisecanbedividedintomonetaryinvestment,tang