考研英语二真题及答案完美打印版.docx

考研英语二真题及答案完美打印版.docx

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考研英语二真题及答案完美打印版

2020年全国硕士研究生入学统-考试英语

（二）试题

SectionIUseorEnglish

Directions：

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA.B.CorDontheANSWERSHEET.（10points）

Beingagoodparentiswhateveryparentwouldliketobe.Butdefiningwhatitmeanstobeagoodparentisundoubtedlyvery1particularlysincechildrenresponddifferentlylothesamestyleofparenting.Acalmrule-followingchildmightrespondbettertoadifferentsortofparentingthan2ayoungerone.

3,there'sanothersortofparentthat'seasierto4;aparent.Childrenofeveryagebenefitfrompatientparenting.Still,5.everyparentwouldliketobepatient,thisisnoeasy6.sometimes,parentsgelexhaustedandareunabletomaintaina7stylewiththeirkids.1understandthis.

You'reonlyhuman,andsometimesyourkidscan8youjustalittletoofar.Andthenthe9happens:

Youloseyourpatienceandeitherscreamalyourkidsorsaysomethingthatwastoo10anddoesnobodyanygood.Youwishthatyoucould11theclockandstartover.We'veallbeenthere.

12eventhoughit'scommon,it'svitaltokeepinmindthatinasinglemomentoffatigue,youcansaysomethingtoyourchildthatyoumay13foralongtime.Thismaynotonlydodamagetoyourrelationshipwithyourchildbutalso14yourchild'sself-esteem.

Ifyouconsistentlyloseyour15withyourkids,thenyouaremodelingalackofemotionalcontrolforyourkids.Weareallbecomingincreasinglyawareofthe16ofmodelingpatiencefortheyoungergeneration.Thisisaskillthatwillhelpthemallthroughoutlife.Infact,theabilitytomaintainemotionalcontrolwhen17bystressisoneofthemostsignificantofalllife'sskills.

Certainly,it's18lomaintainpatienceatalltimeswithyourkids.Amorepracticalgoalistotrytobeascalmasyoucanwhenfacedwith19situationsinvolvingyourchildren.Icanpromiseyouthis:

Asaresultofworkingtowardibisgoal,youandyourchildrenwillbenefitand20fromstressful

momentsfeelingbetterphysicallyandemotionally.

1.[A]pleasant

[B]tricky

[C]tedious

[D]instructive

2.[A]atonce

[B]inaddition

[C]forexample

[D]byaccident

3.[A]Fortunately

（B]Occasionally

[C]Accordingly

[D]Eventually

4.[A]amuse

[B]train

[C]assist

[D]describe

5.[A]once

[B]because

[C]unless

[D|while

6.[A]choice

|B]answer

[C]task

[D]access

7.[A]formal

[B]tolerant

[C]rigid

[D]critical

8.[A]move

[B]send

[C]drag

[D]push

9.[A]inevitable

[B]illogical

[C]mysterious

[D]suspicious

10.[A]boring

[B]harsh

|C]naive

[D]vague

11.[A]turnback

[B]takeapart

[C]setaside

[D]coverup

12.[A]Overall

[B]Instead

[C]otherwise

[D]However

13.[A]believe

[B]regret

[C]miss

[D]like

14.[A]justify

[B]raise

[C]affect

[D]reflect

15.[A]bond

[B]time

[C]race

[D]cool

16.[A]nature

[B]secret

[C]context

（D]importance

17.[A]confronted

[B]defeated

[C]cheated

（D]confused

18.[A]strange

[B]terrible

[C]hard

[D]wrong

19.[A]exciting

[B]trying

[C]Surprising

[D]changing

20.[A]withdraw

[B]hide

[C]emerge

[D]escape

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing/X.B.C

orD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40points）

Text1

Ratsandotheranimalsneedtobehighlyattunedtosocialsignalsfromotherssothatcanidentifyfriendstocooperatewithandenemiestoavoid.Tofindoutifthisextendstonon-livingbeings,LolehQuinnattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,andhercolleaguestestedwhetherratscandetectsocialsignalsfromroboticrats.

Theyhousedeightadultratswithtwotypesofroboticrat-onesocialandoneasocial-for5ourdays.

Therobotsratswerequiteminimalist,resemblingachunkierversionofacomputermousewithwheels-tomovearoundandcolorfulmarkings.

Duringtheexperiment,thesocialrobotratfollowedthelivingratsaround,playedwiththesametoys,andopenedcageddoorstoleitrappedratsescape.Meanwhile,theasocialrobotsimplymovedforwardsandbackwardsandsidetoside

Nexttheresearcherstrappedtherobotsincagesandgavetheratstheopportunitytoreleasethembypressingalever.Across18trialseach,thelivingratswere52percentmorelikelyonaveragetosetthesocialrobotfreethantheasocialone.Thissuggeststhattheratsperceivedthesocialrobotasagenuinesocialbeing.Theymayhavebondedmorewiththesocialrobotbecauseitdisplayedbehaviorslikecommunalexploringandplaying.Thiscouldleadlotheratsbetterrememberinghavingfreeditearlier,andwantingtherobottoreturnthefavourwhentheygettrapped,saysQuinn.

Thereadinessoftheratslobefriendthesocialrobotwassurprisinggivenitsminimaldesign.Therobotwasthesamesizeasaregularratbutresembledasimpleplasticboxonwheels."We'dassumedwe'dhavelogiveitsmovingheadandtail,facialfeatures,andputasceneonittomakeitsmelllikearealrat.butthatwasn'tnecessary,"saysJanetWilesattheUniversityofQueenslandinAustralia,whohelpedwiththeresearch.

Thefindingshowshowsensitiveratsarctosocialcues,evenwhentheycomefrombasicrobots.Similarly,childrentendtotreatrobotsasiftheyarefellowbeings,evenwhentheydisplayonlysimplesocialsignals."Wehumansseemtobefascinatedbyrobots,anditturnsoutotheranimalsaretoo,"saysWiles.

21.Quinnandhercolleaguesconductedatesttoseeifratscan.

[A]pickupsocialsignalsfromnon-livingrats

[B]distinguishafriendlyratfromahostileone

[C]attainsociabletrailsthroughspecialtraining

[D]sendoutwarningmessagestotheirfellow

22.Whatdidthesocialrobotdoduringtheexperiment?

[A]Ilfollowedthesocialrobot

[B]Itplayedwithsometoys.

[C]Itsetthetrappedratsfree.

[D]Itmovedaroundalone.

23.AccordingtoQuinn,theratsreleasedthesocialrobotbecausethey.

[A]triedtopracticeameansofescape]expectedittodothesameinreturn

[C]wantedtodisplaytheirintelligence

[D]consideredthataninterestinggame

24.JamesWilesnotesthatrats.

[A]canrememberotherrat'sfacialfeatures

[B]differentiatesmellsbetterthansizes

[C]respondmoretocationsthantolooks

[D]canbescaredbyaplasticboxonwheels

25.Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthatrats.

[A]appeartobeadaptabletonewsurroundings

[B]aremoresociallyactivethanotheranimals

[C]behavedifferentlyfromchildreninsocializing

[D]aremoresensitivetosocialcuesthanexpected

Text2

ItistruethatCEOpayhasgoneup-toponesmaymake300timesthepayoftypicalworkersonaverage,andsincethemid-1970sCEOpayforlargepubliclytradedAmericancorporationshas.byvaryingestimates,goneupbyabout500%.ThetypicalCEOofatopAmericancorporationnowmakesaboutS18.9millionayear.

ThebestmodelforunderstandingthegrowthofCEOpayisthatoflimitedCEOtalentinaworldwherebusinessopportunitiesforthetopfirmsaregrowingrapidly.TheeffortsofAmerica'shighest-earning1%havebeenoneofthemoredynamicelementsoftheglobaleconomy.It'snotpopulartosay,butonereasontheirpayhasgoneupsomuchisthatCEOsreallyhaveuppedtheirgamerelativetomanyotherworker;intheU.S.economy.

Today'sCEO,atleastformajorAmericanfirms,musthavemanymereskillsthansimplybeingableto"runthecompany".CEOsmusthaveagoodsenseoffinancialmarketsandmaybeevenhowthecompanyshouldtradeinthem.Theyalsoneedbetterpublicrelationsskillsthantheirpredecessors,asthecostsofevenaminorslipupcanbesignificant.Thenthere'sthefactthatlargeAmericancompaniesaremuchmoreglobalizedthaneverbefore,withsupplychainsspreadacrossalargernumberofcountries.Toleadinthatsystemrequiresknowledgethatisfairlymind-bogglingplus,virtuallyallmajorAmericancompaniesarebeyondthismajorCEOsstillhavetodoalltheday-to-dayworktheyhavealwaysdone.

ThecommonideathathighCEOpayismainlyaboutrippingpeopleoffdoesn'texplainhistoryverywell.Bymostmeasures,corporategovernancehasbecomealottighterandmorerigoroussincethe1970s.YetitisprincipallyduringthisperiodofstrongergovernancethatCEOpayhasbeenhighandrising.Thatsuggestsitisinthebroadercorporateinteresttorecruittopcandidatesforincreasinglytoughjobs.

Furthermore,thehighestCEOsalariesarepaidlooutsidecandidates,nottothecozyinsiderpicks,anothersignthathighCEOpayisnotsomekindofdepredationattheexpenseoftherestofthecompany.AndthestockmarketreactspositivelywhencompaniestieCEOpayto,say.stockprices,asignthatthosepracticesbuildupcorporatevaluenotjustfortheCEO.

26.WhichofthefollowinghascontributedtoCEOpayrise?

[A]Thegrowthinthenumberofcorporations

[B]Thegeneralpayrisewithabeltereconomy

[C]Increasedbusinessopportunitiesfortopfirms

[D]Closecooperationamongleadingeconomies

27.Comparedwiththeirpredecessors,today'sCEOsarerequiredto.

[A]fosterastrongersenseofteamwork

[B]financemoreresearchanddevelopment

[C]establishclosertieswithtechcompanies

[D]operatemoreglobalizedcompanies

28.CEOpayhasbeenrisingsincethe1970sdespite.

[A]continualinternalopposition

[B]strictcorporategovernance

[C]conservativebusinessstrategies

[D]Repeatedgovernmentwarnings

29.HighCEOpaycanbejustifiedbythefactthatithelps..

[A]confirmthestatusofCEOs

[B]motivateinsidecandidates

[C]boosttheefficiencyofCEOs

[D]increasecorporatevalue

30.Themostsuitabletitleforthistextwouldbe.

[A]CEOsAreNotOverpaid

[B]CEOPay:

PastandPresent

[C]CEOs'chal