备战高考考纲重点词汇用法总结.docx

备战高考考纲重点词汇用法总结.docx

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备战高考考纲重点词汇用法总结

考纲重点词汇用法总结

n.名词pron.代词adj.形容词adv.副词v.动词vi.不vt.及物动词

prep.介词conj.连词interj.感叹词

A

1.ableunableabilityn.disablevt.使残废disabledadj.残废的

2.aboutbeabouttodosth.即将做......

3.above---belowover---under

4.accept~AasB把A当作B接受/接纳cf.receive

5.accidentaccidentaladj.偶然的；偶发的by~/chance偶然地

6.achen./vi.toothachebackacheheadache

7.across---throughacrosstheworld=allovertheworld

8.actv./n.actionn.activeadj.activelyadv.activityn.活动

actas...扮演；充当beactivein...=takeanactivepartin...积极参加act...out表演出

9.actualadj.actuallyadv.事实上

10.addv.additionn.additionaladj.附加的；额外的

addtosth.增强addAtoB把A加到B上去add...up把......加起来

adduptosth.合计为；意思是inaddition=what’smore=besides而且

11.admirevt.admirationn.admirern.~sb.forsth因......钦佩某人inadmiration钦佩地

12.admitvt.承认；录取admissionn.admittedadmitting

admitdoingsth.beadmittedintoacollege被......录取

13.advancev.advancedadj.先进的；高级的in~=aheadoftime提前

14.adviceu.n.advisevt.givesb.adviceonsth.advisesb.todosth./advisedoingsth.

cf.advise与persuade

15.affairn.事物family/foreign/love~s

16.affordvt.can~（todo）sth.

17.afraidadj.I’m~so/not.恐怕是这样/不是这样。

18.African.Africann./adj.Asia---AsianAmerica---AmericanEurope---European

Australia---AustralianAustria---Austrian奥地利人（的）Canada---Canadian

19.again~and~=overandover=timeandagain反复地once~=oncemore=~又一次

20.threeyearsago（一般过去时）threeyearsbefore（过去完成时）

21.agreevt.agreementn.协议agreeableadj.可爱的

~tosth.同意某事~onsth（经讨论）达成共识~withsb.同意某人

cometo/arriveat/reachanagreement达成协议

22.agriculturen.agriculturaladj.industry---industrial

23.aimn./v.~at...瞄准；意思是

24.aliveadj.（表语形容词）eatsth~burysb.~catchsb.~

Cf.living活着的live现场直播的lively活泼的

25.airn.inthe~在空中onthe~在播出by~乘飞机

26.allowvt.allowancen.补助金；补贴

~sb.todosth.~doingsth.~for...考虑到；酌量Smokingisnot~edhere.

27.almostadv.几乎（可接否定词）nearlyadv.（不接否定词）Ihaveseenalmostnosuchbookbefore.

28.aloneadj./adv.独自的；单独的lonelyadj.寂寞的；孤独的

29.alongadv./prep.all~=allthetime一直

30.althoughconj.虽然；尽管thoughconj.虽然；尽管thoughadv.尽管如此（句末）

31.angern.angryadj.hungern.hungryadj.

32.announcevt.announcementn.makeanannouncement

33.anotherpron.oneafter~=onebyoneanotherthreechairs=threemore/otherchairs

34.alwaysadv.for~/good/ever永远Heis~talkinginclass.（反感）

Heis~askingcleverquestions.（赞扬）

35.answern./v.the~tothequestionin~to响应；回答

~thedoor/phone/letter~for=beresponsiblefor为......负责

36.anxiousadj.急切的；焦虑的anxietyn.

be~todosth.迫切要去做......be~about..＝worryabout/beworriedabout...担心

Heistoo~toleavethelonelyisland.（too...to与anxious连用不表示否定）

37.any常用在否定句、疑问句、条件句中Cometomeifyouhaveanyquestion.

no=notany全否Hehasnobrothers.=Hehasnotanybrothers.

38.apologize/apologisev.道歉apologyn.

~tosb.fordoingsth.=makeanapologytosb.fordoingsth.因某事向某人道歉

39.arguev.辩论；说服argumentn.~withsb.aboutsth.cf.debatequarrel

40.armn.armsn.武器；怀抱takesb.bythe~拉住某人的胳膊~in~

carrysthinone’s~s抱着......~ssale军火销售bearmedtotheteeth武装到牙齿

41.armyn.军队；群an~ofants一大群蚂蚁

42.arrivevi.到达arrivaln.~ataconclusion得出结论~atanagreement达成协议~at/insp.

cf.reachvt.comevi.

43.artn.artistn.artisticadj.艺术的artificialadj.人工的；人造的fine~s美术

44.articlen.文章；件an~ofclothing/furniture

45.asprep.作为work~...serve~...act~...befamous~...useA~B

accept/regard/treat/consider/thinkof/lookat/takeA~B把A当作B

~itis事实上mistakeA~B误以为A是B

asconj.按照；像Dance~Ishowedyou.

asconj.随着；一边......一边Astimegoesby,hehascometoloveNingboashissecondhometown.

Heusuallydoeshishomework~helistenstomusic.

asconj.虽然；尽管（倒装语序）Clever~youare,youhavetoworkhardertofulfillyourdream.

Fast~yourun,youcan’tcatchmeup.=Run~youmay,youcan’tcatchmeup.

=Fastrunner~youare,youcan’tcatchmeup.

asconj.像一样Heis~busy~abee.Hedidthejob~well~Bobdid.

FanWeiis~funnyanactor~ZhaoBenshan.Peterisnot~/sotallasBill.

asconj.由于Asyougotothebookshop,pleasegetmeaHarryPorterVI.

aspron.（引导定语从句）Iwillbuysuchapen~youareusing.Istudyinthesameschool~Mary.

Hereissobigastoneasnoonecanlift.cf.Hereissobigastonethatnoonecanliftit.

46.ashamedadj.羞愧的be~of...对感到羞愧

47.askv.~sb.forsth.向某人要......~AafterB向A问候B~fortrouble自寻烦恼

~sb.todosth.~todosth.~tobedone~about...询问；打听

48.asleepadj.fall~=gotosleep入睡（动作）be~=sleep睡着（状态）befast~睡得香甜

49.assistvt.帮助assistancen.assistantn.助手anassistantprofessor副教授

50.attackv./n.beunder~遭到攻击anair~空袭

51.attemptn./v.努力；尝试~todosth.=makean~todosth.inan~todosth.努力/尝试去做......

52.attendv.出席；照顾attendantn.服务员~tosb./sth.照料；从事；处理

53.attentionn.attentiveadj.注意力集中的pay~tosth.注意......drawsb’s~（tosth.）吸引某人的注意力（到......）

54.attractvt.吸引attractiveadj.有吸引力的；迷人的attractionn.吸引（人的人或物）

beattractivetosb.吸引某人beattractedtosth.被......吸引

55.averagen./adj.平均（的）on（the）~平均（来说）above/belowthe~在一般平均以上/下

56.awakeadj.醒着的v.醒来（awoke/awoke;awaked/awaked）

B

1.badadj.（worse/worst）from~toworse每况愈下go~变质Not~.还好

2.badlyadv.be~ill得了needsth.~急需be~off生活较差

3.baggageu.n.行李（=luggage）

4.balloonn.气球

5.bargainv.讨价还价n.讨价还价；便宜货areal~便宜货

6.basen.基地；基础vt.以......为基础~AonBA以B为基础/依据be~don以......为基础

7.bathn.洗浴bathev.bebathedinthesunshine沐浴在阳光之中

8.bearvt.忍受；承受（bore/born-borne）Hecan’t~beinglookeddownupon.

HewasborninShanghai.Theyhavebornethreechildren.

9.beatv.打；击败（beat/beaten）

10.beautyn.beautifuladj.beautifullyadv.beautifyvt.美化

11.become/became/becomelink.v.系动词

12.becauseof=onaccountof=owingtoprep.由于ShecriedbecauseofwhatIhadsaidaboutherwork.

13.bedn.goto~（college/church/court/hospital）（零冠词）强调动作

bein~（college/church/court/hospital）强调状态makethe~

14.begv.乞讨；哀求beggingbeggedbeggarn.乞丐~sb.forsth.go~ging去乞讨

15.begin/began/begunv.beginningbeginner初学者

Wellbegun,halfdone.良好的开端成功的一半。

to~with首先=firstofallinthebeginningatthebeginningof

16.believevt.beliefn.信仰；信念

17.bend/bent/bentv.弄弯~oversth.伏在......上面bebentover......一心想/做

18.besidesprep./adv.除了（以外）B~English,westudyfiveothersubjects.

Idon’tlikefootball;~,theweatheristoohot.（=what’smore;inaddition）

19.bestdo/tryone’s~=dowhatonecan=doeverything（that）onecan=sparenoefforts=goallout尽力

allthebest（wishes）祝好

20.betterbe~off富裕beworseoff贫困had~=mightaswell最好

He’d~comeearlier,hadn’the?

Betterlatethennever.

21.beyondprep.在......以外ThebeautyoftheWestLakeis~description.Sorry.Thisis~mypower.

22.billn.帐单footthe~埋单

23.biologyn.生物学biologicaladj.生物学的biologistn.生物学家

24.birthn.birthdaybirthplaceatbirth天生give~to生育

25.bite/bit/bit:

bittenv.咬Neverbiteoffmorethanyoucanchew.要量力而行。

26.blamevt.责备beto~（fordoingsth.）因......而应受责备~sb.fordoingsth.因......而责备

Don’t~thechildforthebrokenglass.Itwasmyfault.

Iwonderwhoisto~forthebrokenglass.=Iwonderwhoto~forthebrokenglass.

27.bloodn.血bloodyadj.血腥的bleedv.流血ableedingnoseabloodywar

28.blow/blew/blownv.吹~up爆炸~sth.up把......炸毁~...away把吹走

29.boilv.boilingwater在沸腾的水boiledwater沸水boilinghot超热

30.bonen.bonyadj.瘦骨嶙峋的=skinny

31.brainn.大脑brains智力IfonlyIhadyour~s!

32.bottomn.底部fromthe~ofone’sheart发自内心;衷心地fromtopto~从顶到底B~up！

干杯！

33.braveadj.bravelyadv.braveryn.

34.break/broke/brokenv.~down出故障；破除~up破坏；解散；开垦~intosp.闯入；侵占

~thelaw/rule违反~one’spromise食言~away（of）脱离

~forth/out爆发~off折断；突然中断~open撬开~with与......断交

c.n.休息take/havea~

35.breathn.breathev.bath---bathebreathlessadj.上气不接下气的

holdone’s~屏住呼吸loseone’s~上气不接下气（动作）beoutof~上气不接下气（状态）

catcha~喘口气breatheone’slast死

36.bring/brought/broughtvt.~sb.up抚养~sth.up呕吐;提出bringsth.forward提出

37.Britainn.Britishadj.theGreatBritain大不列颠

38.broadadj.宽阔的abroadadv.在国外aboardadv.在船（飞机、火车等）上broadenvt.拓宽

39.broadcast/broadcast/broadcastvt.广播~sth.live现场直播Cf.cast/cast/castforecast/forecast/forecast

40.build/built/builtvt.建造；建设buildingn.~...up建造~AintoB把A建成B

41.burn/burnt/burntv.~sth.up烧光~sth.totheground=~sthdown夷为平地It’s~inghot.

42.burstvt.爆发；爆炸~sth.up=blowsth.up炸掉~intotears/laughter/cheers

~outcrying/laughing/cheering~into...闯入~forth=~out=breakforth=breakout爆发

43.buryvt.埋葬burialn.葬礼~sb.alive活埋

44.busyadj.businessn.Businessisbusiness.公事公办Businessbeforepleasure.先干正事后娱乐

be~（in）doingsth.=bebusywithsth.gotosp.onbusiness到......出差get（down）tobusiness开始干正事

45.butconj.Butmeno~s.不要辩解。

butfor要不是因为thelastlinebuttwo倒数第二行

46.butchern.屠夫gotothe~’s去肉店

47.buttern.黄油Breadand~isalwaysmybreakfast.

48.buy/bought/boughtvt.Iwon’t~yourstory.我才不信呢。

49.byprep.乘坐~bus/train/plane/ship/air/sea/water/landon/inatraininaplane

C

1.callv./n.~for请求；要求；需要；呼吁~atsp.参观~onsb.访问~...off取消

~out大声叫喊~forth...唤起；鼓起（勇气等）call（on）sb.todosth.号召

2.campv.宿营n.帐篷gocamping去宿营

3.capitaln.资本；首都capitalismn.资本主义capitalistn.资本主义者adj.资本主义的

4.carev.~for...喜爱；关心；照管~about...关心；顾虑

caren.take~of...照料；照看take~当心；保重underthe~of在......的照料下

with~=carefully小心地；慎重地

5.carpetn.地毯

6.carrotn.胡萝卜

7.caryyvt.~sth.inone’sarms抱着~sth.onone’sback背着

~sth.inone’shands捧着~sth.inone’shand拿着

~sth.out实施；执行~...away带走；冲昏...的头脑

~sth.on继续下去~through坚持到底

8.cartn.马车Neverputthecartbeforethehorse.不要本末倒置

9.casen.情况；案例；病历；箱子in~万一（可单独使用也可接句子）in~of万一（接名词、代词、动名词等）

Takeanumbrellain~.Takeanumbrellain