《逃离》中女性意识的觉醒毕业论文.docx

《逃离》中女性意识的觉醒毕业论文.docx

《《逃离》中女性意识的觉醒毕业论文.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《《逃离》中女性意识的觉醒毕业论文.docx（12页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

《逃离》中女性意识的觉醒毕业论文

---文档均为word文档，下载后可直接编辑使用亦可打印---

摘要

被誉为“加拿大契科夫”的爱丽丝门罗是加拿大著名的短篇小说家，她在2013年10月荣获诺贝尔文学奖，是首位以短篇小说获得此殊荣的作家。

她的作品多以女性视角出发，以城郊小镇的平凡女子的平凡生活为主题，视角敏锐，笔触细腻，风格写实。

虽然她的小说中女性角色繁多，但是在她们的成长过程中，都经历这不同程度的女性意识的觉醒，生动形象地反映了女性追求独立自我的过程。

本文主要以门罗的《逃离》为文本，从家庭、社会和自然三个方面对小说中的女性的觉醒进行分析，从而阐述小说中所蕴含的女性主义思想。

关键词：

爱丽丝·门罗；女性意识觉醒；家庭视角；社会视角

Abstract

AliceMunro（1931-）,knownas"Canada'sChekov",isafamousshortstorywriterinCanada.ShewontheNobelPrizeinLiteratureinOctober，2013.Shewasthefirstwritertoreceivethisawardinshortstory.Shewritesmostlyfromthefemaleperspectiveandfocusesontheordinarywomen'sordinarylifeexperienceinsuburbantowninCanada.Herworksarefamousforkeenperspective,detaileddescriptionandrealisticstyle.Femalecharactersinherworksarevarious;however,intheirprocessesofgrowingup,theyhaveexperienceddifferentdegreesoffemaleconsciousnessawakening,vividlyreflectingtheprocessoffemaleself-growthinpursuingindependence.ThisthesisusingMunro’sRunawayasatextofclosingreading,analyzestheawakeningofwomenconsciousnessfromthreepespectives,namelyfamily,societyandnature,inordertoexpoundthefeministthoughtscontainedinit.

Keywords:

AliceMunro;Theawakeningoffemaleconsciousness;Feminist;familyperspective;socialperspective；

Contents

1.Introduction

1.1AnintroductiontoAliceMunro

AliceMunroisafamousshortstorywriterinCanada.Sheisgoodatwritingshortstories,whichhelpsherwinrespectandreputation.Happyshadeofthedanceisherfirstcollectionofshortstories,whichwonthehighpraise.Byvirtueofthis,AliceMonroewontheGovernorGeneral’sAwardin1968.Heranothercollectionofshortstories,WhoDoYouThinkYouAre?

wasrunner-upfortheBookerPrizein1978.Inaddition,AliceMunrohasreceivedmanyotherprizes.SheearnedtwoCanadianBooksellersAssociationAwardsin1971and2005andsoon.In2013,AliceMunrowontheNobelPrizeinLiterary.Thisisthebiggestawardshehaseverreceived.TheAwardWords“masterofcontemporaryshortstories”givenbySwedishAcademywasthebestpraiseforher.

OnJuly31,1931,AliceMunrowasborninacommonRanchersfamilyinasmalltown,Wingham,inthesouthofOntarioinCanada.Herfather,RobertEricLaidlaw,wasarancher,raisingfoxes.Hermother,AnneClarkeLaidlaw,wasaprimaryschoolteacher.Herparentstookhertothisplacein1927.Theyboughtafarm,beginningtoraisingfoxes.However,theychosethewrongtimetobegintheircareer,meetingwiththedownturntrendoffurmarket.Soshedidnotliveinarichfamily.Butherparentspaymuchattentiontohereducation.ShespendsallherlifetimelivinginCanada:

ShegrewupandgoteducatedinthesouthofOntario,andthenlivedtwentyyearsinVancouverwithherfirsthusband.ShereturnedtothesouthofOntarioandlivestheretillnow.Thelifeinthissmalltownhasinfluencedheralotonherlaterwritingcareer.“SheisnodoubtCanada’sleadingshort-fictionwriterandhas,overfivedecades,createdanimpressiveoeuvre”（Nischik,2007:

205）.Shebegantowritewhenshewasateenager.Atthattime,shehasshownhertalentforwriting.Marcelasaidthat“Manycharactersinthestoriesmayfindprototypesfromherownfamilyorherneighborhood”（Marcela,2006:

83）.

AliceMunroneveradmitsthatsheisafeministwriter,butalmostallherfictionsarewrittenfromfemaleperspective.Munrowasunavoidablyinfluencedbythesecondwaveoffeminism,whichappearedinthe1960’sinEurope.Thesecondwaveoffeminisminheritedanddevelopedtheviewsofthefirstwave,aimedatcriticizinggenderdiscriminationandpatriarchy.What’smore,thesecondwaveemphasizeswomen’sinnerconsciousness,awakeningtheinnerthoughtsofwomentochangemen-centeredsociety.Therefore,itisnecessaryandmeaningfultoanalyzeRunawayfromfeministperspectiveandtoexplainthefeminismcontainedinit.

1.2AnintroductiontoRunaway

Munrohasshapedmanyordinaryfemalecharactersinherfictions.Thethemeofherworkshasbeenagirl’sdilemmascomingtotermswithherfamilyandthesmalltownshegrowsupinandlivedevidentlyinherearlyshortstories.Recently,shehasshiftedherfocustothetriviaofmiddle-agedwomenortheelder.

Runawayisatypicalonethatdescribesdifferentwomen’sexperienceanddilemmas.Itincludeseightshortstories,dealingwithconflictsconcerningwomen’sdifferentissues,suchastherelationshipbetweenhusbandandwife,relationshipbetweendaughterandfatherormotherandsoon.

ThetitlestoryRunawaytellsCarla’srunningawayfromherviolenthusbandwiththehelpofherneighborMrs.Jamieson,butunexpectedly,attheendofthestory,shereturned.AseriesofstoriesChance,Soon,andSilenceretellthestoriesofJuliet,focusingonherrelationshipwithherparentsSamandSara,loverEricanddaughterPenelopethroughherearlytwentiesandtheninmiddleage.InthestoryPassion,GracefallsinlovewithMaury.However,wheneveryoneincludingherselfthinkstheywouldgetmarriedsoon,shefleestogetherwithMaury’shalf-brotherNeil.TrespassesnarratesthestorybetweenLauren,ayounggirl,andanoldwoman,Delphine,whoisveryinterestedinLauren.InTricks,Robinmeetsher“Mr.Right”aftershehasfinishedaplayatStratford.Theymakeapromisethattheywillmeetinthesameplacenextyear.However,shemissedhimatlast,becauseGodmadeajokeonthem.Powersisthemostambiguousstory.IttellsaboutthetangleofthelifeamongTessa,apsychicgirl,astranger,Ollieandherfriend,Nancy.Theseeightshortstorieshavesomethingincommoninthesensethattheheroinesaremostlyattachedtomenintheeconomy,buttheyallwanttogetridofthebondageofmen,familyandsuffering,toobtainrealfreedomandindependence.Sotheychoosetorunawayfortheirawakeningfemaleconsciousness.However,theirfemaleconsciousnessisnotmatureenoughtomakethemsucceed.

1.3TheoreticalBasis

ThetheoreticalbasisofthisstudyisFeminism.Feminismisarangeofpoliticalmovements,ideologies,andsocialmovementsthatshareacommongoal:

todefine.Establish,andachievepolitical,economic,personal,andsocialrightsforwomen.（MaryE,2006:

25-27）FeminismappearedinFrancein1870,andsincethenitwasintroducedintootherEuropeancountriesandAmerica.IthasexperiencedmorethanahundredyearsofdevelopmentandchangesintheWestcountries.Withthedevelopmentofwomen'sliberationmovement,feminismcanbedividedintothreeperiods,includingthefirstwaveattheendofeighteenthcentury,thesecondwavein1860sandthethirdwavein1990s.

BoDipointsoutthatFeminismisalsoknownasthefeministmovement,whichreferstosocialtheoryandpoliticalmovementmainlybasedonfemaleexperience.Exceptforthecritiqueofsocialrelations,manyFeministsupportersalsofocusonanalysisongenderdiscriminationandpromotewomen'srightsandinterests.（BoDi,2007）

WangLuandZhouWeisaysthat,inthemodernsociety，Postmodernfeminismsupportersoftenadvocateeliminatingtheoppositionofmaleandfemale.Ononehand,theyaffirmthefeministmovementtoprotectwomen'ssocialrightsandinterests.Ontheotherhand,feministstrytosubvertthetraditionalfamilymodel.Inthecontemporarysociety,basedonthemale-centeredpatriarchalsystem,womenshouldtrytoobtaintheirindependenceandliberationwhilemaintainingthetraditionalfamilymodel.（qtd.inWangLu&ZhouWei,2015:

101）Munrodoesn'tadvocatefeminismandwomen'sstruggleinRunaway.However,shepaysattentiontothesurvivalofhumannatureratherthanideologyfromthefemaleperspective.Theheroines,facedwithself-denialoflife,chooseashortescape.Women'sconsciousnessofself-independenceandnotdependingonmenbeginstobeawakenedanddeveloped.Unfortunately,theycan’tgetridofthecruelreality.Whattheycandoistoreturntotheoriginalbondageandlivebravely.Thentheycanbethemselvesandfindtherelativeindependenceandfreedomintheirownfields.

2.Theawakeningoffemaleconsciousnessinfamily

Inthearticle“TheSweetnessofHome:

Class,Culture,andFamilyLifeinSweden”.（Orvar,2003:

142-159）,pointsoutthathomeisthepronounoffeelings,warmness,safety,harmonyandcomfortable.Thatistosaythathomeislikeahugecradleforpeople.Itcanprovideuswithacomfortablespace.Itcangiveyoustrengthtorealizeyourdream.Itcangiveyouashelter,whenyouarefacedwithnaturalstormandlifestorm.

However,noeveryonehashomelikethat.Maybetheywillmeetwiththeparents’misunderstanding,familymembers’exclusion,domesticviolence,andsoon.Theycan’tfindtheiridentityathomeandtheycan’tberecognized.Therefore,whentheyarefacedwiththese,theywillchoosetorunaway.

Thispartfocusesontheawakeningofthewomeninthefamilyintwoaspects.Inthepatriarchalsociety,menarealwaysconsideredsuperiortowomen.Somenhavediscoursepowerinhisfamilies.Whatwomencandoistoobeythem.Thispartarguesthatthefamily-centeredwomentrytofindself-identitybyfightingagainsttheauthoritiesfromtheirparentsandhusbands.Then,thereisthediscussionabouttheimportantrelationshipsbetweenthedaughterandparents,wifeandhusband.Inthesestories,escapingfromfamilyismostsorrowful.Throughtheanalysisoftherelationshipsinfamily,itshowsthenewimagesofwomenwhowanttogainfreedombyfightingagainstthephysicalandspiritualabuseinthefamily.

2.1Daughter’srebellionagainstparents

Mostoftheheroines’parentsinthenovelareinfluencedbythesexualrevolutionofthe1950s.Theypursueknowledge,independence,thoughts,personality