中国八大菜系EN.docx

中国八大菜系EN.docx

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中国八大菜系EN

EightCuisines（八大菜系）

Chinacoversalargeterritoryandhasmanynationalities,henceavarietyofChinesefoodwithdifferentbutfantasticandmouthwateringflavor.SinceChina'slocaldisheshavetheirowntypicalcharacteristics,generally,Chinesefoodcanberoughlydividedintoeightregionalcuisines,whichhasbeenwidelyacceptedaround.Certainly,therearemanyotherlocalcuisinesthatarefamous,suchasBeijingCuisineandShanghaiCuisine.

ShandongCuisine

ConsistingofJinancuisineandJiaodongcuisine,Shandongcuisine,clear,pureandnotgreasy,ischaracterizedbyitsemphasisonaroma,freshness,crispnessandtenderness.ShallotandgarlicareusuallyusedasseasoningssoShangdongdishestastespungentusually.SoupsaregivenmuchemphasisinShangdongdishes.Thinsoupfeaturesclearandfreshwhilecreamysouplooksthickandtastesstrong.Jinancuisineisadeptatdeep-frying,grilling,fryingandstir-fryingwhileJiaodongdivisionisfamousforcookingseafoodwithfreshandlighttaste.

ShandongisthebirthplaceofmanyfamousancientscholarssuchasConfuciousandMencius.AndmuchofShandongcuisine'shistoryisasoldasConfucioushimself,makingittheoldestexistingmajorcuisineinChina.Butdon'texpecttogainmorewisdomfromafortunecookieataShandongrestaurantintheWestsincefortunecookiesaren'tevenindigenoustoChina.

ShandongisalargepeninsulasurroundedbytheseatotheEastandtheYellowRivermeanderingthroughthecenter.Asaresult,seafoodisamajorcomponentofShandongcuisine.Shandong'smostfamousdishistheSweatandSourCarp.AtrulyauthenticSweetandSourCarpmustcomefromtheYellowRiver.ButwiththecurrentamountofpollutionintheYellowRiver,youwouldbebetteroffifthecarpwasfromelsewhere.Shandongdishesaremainlyquick-fried,roasted,stir-friedordeep-fried.Thedishesaremainlyclear,freshandfatty,perfectwithShandong'sownfamousbeer,QingdaoBeer

SichuanCuisine

SichuanCuisine,knownoftenintheWestasSzechuanCuisine,isoneofthemostfamousChinesecuisinesintheworld.Characterizedbyitsspicyandpungentflavor,Sichuancuisine,prolificoftastes,emphasizesontheuseofchili.Pepperandpricklyashalsoneverfailtoaccompany,producingtypicalexcitingtastes.Besides,garlic,gingerandfermentedsoybeanarealsousedinthecookingprocess.Wildvegetablesandanimalsareusuallychosenasingredients,whilefrying,fryingwithoutoil,picklingandbraisingareappliedasbasiccookingtechniques.ItcannotbesaidthatonewhodoesnotexperienceSichuanfoodeverreachesChina.

IfyoueatSichuancuisineandfindittoobland,thenyouareprobablynoteatingauthenticSichuancuisine.Chilipeppersandpricklyashareusedinmanydishes,givingitadistinctivelyspicytaste,calledmainChinese.Itoftenleavesaslightnumbsensationinthemouth.However,mostpepperswerebroughttoChinafromtheAmericasinthe18thcenturysoyoucanthankglobaltradeformuchofSichuancuisine'sexcellence.Sichuanhotpotsareperhapsthemostfamoushotpotsintheworld,mostnotablytheYuanYang（mandarinduck）Hotpothalfspicyandhalfclear.

GuangdongCuisine

CantonesefoodoriginatesfromGuangdong,thesouthernmostprovinceinChina.ThemajorityofoverseasChinesepeoplearefromGuangdong（Canton）soCantoneseisperhapsthemostwidelyavailableChineseregionalcuisineoutsideofChina.

Cantoneseareknowntohaveanadventurouspalate,abletoeatmanydifferentkindsofmeatsandvegetables.Infact,peopleinNorthernChinaoftensaythatCantonesepeoplewilleatanythingthatfliesexceptairplanes,anythingthatmovesonthegroundexcepttrains,andanythingthatmovesinthewaterexceptboats.Thisstatementisfarfromthetruth,butCantonesefoodiseasilyoneofthemostdiverseandrichestcuisinesinChina.Manyvegetablesoriginatefromotherpartsoftheworld.Itdoesn'tusemuchspice,bringingoutthenaturalflavorofthevegetablesandmeats.

Tastingclear,light,crispandfresh,Guangdongcuisine,familiartoWesterners,usuallychoosesraptorsandbeaststoproduceoriginativedishes.Itsbasiccookingtechniquesincluderoasting,stir-frying,sauteing,deep-frying,braising,stewingandsteaming.Amongthemsteamingandstir-fryingaremorecommonlyappliedtopreservethenaturalflavor.Guangdongchefsalsopaymuchattentiontotheartisticpresentationofdishes.

FujianCuisine

ConsistingofFuzhouCuisine,QuanzhouCuisineandXiamenCuisine,FujianCuisineisdistinguishedforitschoiceseafood,beautifulcolorandmagictasteofsweet,sour,saltyandsavory.Themostdistinctfeaturesaretheir"pickledtaste".

JiangsuCuisine

JiangsuCuisine,alsocalledHuaiyangCuisine,ispopularinthelowerreachoftheYangtzeRiver.Aquaticsasthemainingredients,itstressesthefreshnessofmaterials.Itscarvingtechniquesaredelicate,ofwhichthemeloncarvingtechniqueisespeciallywellknown.Cookingtechniquesconsistofstewing,braising,roasting,simmering,etc.TheflavorofHuaiyangCuisineislight,freshandsweetandwithdelicateelegance.Jiangsucuisineiswellknownforitscarefulselectionofingredients,itsmeticulouspreparationmethodology,anditsnot-too-spicy,not-too-blandtaste.SincetheseasonsvaryinclimateconsiderablyinJiangsu,thecuisinealsovariesthroughouttheyear.Iftheflavorisstrong,itisn'ttooheavy;iflight,nottoobland.

ZhejiangCuisine

ComprisinglocalcuisinesofHangzhou,NingboandShaoxing,ZhejiangCuisine,notgreasy,winsitsreputationforfreshness,tenderness,softness,smoothnessofitsdisheswithmellowfragrance.HangzhouCuisineisthemostfamousoneamongthethree.

Hunancuisine

HunancuisineconsistsoflocalCuisinesofXiangjiangRegion,DongtingLakeandXiangxicoteau.Itcharacterizesitselfbythickandpungentflavor.Chili,pepperandshallotareusuallynecessariesinthisdivision.

AnhuiCuisine

AnhuiCuisinechefsfocusmuchmoreattentiononthetemperatureincookingandaregoodatbraisingandstewing.Oftenhamswillbeaddedtoimprovetasteandsugarcandyadded

Characteristics:

•ShandongCuisine（鲁菜）

MajorcharacteristicsofShandongCuisine:

1）Preparedwithawidevarietyofmaterials.Forexample，JiaodongdishesaremainlymadeofaquaticproductsduetoitsproximitytotheYellowSea.PeopleinJinanandJivingliketopreparecuisinewithmountaindelicaciesandseafooddelights,melons,fruits,vegetablesandpeppers.

2）Apure,strongandmellowtaste,ratherthanamixedtaste.Chefsaregoodatusingonionsandseasonings.

3）ShandongCuisineisknownforitsexcellentseafooddishesanddelicioussoup.

4）Chefsexcelatpreparingclear,smell,crisp,tenderanddeliciousdishesbyfrying,stirringandsteaming.

Famousdishes:

StirFriedPrawns,FriedSeaCucumberswithOnions,SweetandSourCarp,LargeJiaodongChickenWings,TaishanFishwithRedScales,etc.

•SichuanCuisine（川菜）

Themain-characteristicsofSichuanCuisine:

1）Preparedwithawidevarietyofingredients.

2）Presentingvariousshapesandtastes,andfamousforspicyfood,fish-flavoredshreddedporkandfoodwithoddtaste.

3）Boastingnumerouscookingtechniques,suchasstirfrying,frying,stir-fryingbeforestewing,andbraising.

Famousdishes:

Stir-friedDicedChickenwithChilliandPeanuts,Stir-friedBeanCurdinHotSauce,Fish-flavoredShreddedPork,RiceCrustsandSlicedPork,Stir-friedSlicedBeef,etc.

•GuangdongCuisine（粤菜）

GuangdongCuisine,oneofthemaincuisinestylesinChina,iscomposedofGuangzhou,ChaozhouandDongjiangcuisine.Withtheadvantagesofalldelicaciesfromalloverthecountry,GuangdongCuisinehasgraduallyformeditsowncharacteristics-usingawidevarietyofingredients,offeringfoodofalltastes,shapesandcolors,goodatchanging,andservinglightfoodinsummerandautumn,andstrongandmellowfoodinwinterandspring.GuangdongCuisinefeaturessour,bitter,spicyanddelicioustasteswithaclearandfragrantsmell.Guangdongsnacksarepeculiaraboutingredients,somesweetandsomesalty,enjoyingthereputationof"100kindsofsnackshaving100tastesand100shapes."Thereisanoldsaying:

"Guangdongservesbestfoodinthecountry."Nowwecansay:

"Guangdongoffersdelicaciesfromallovertheworld."

Famousdishes:

FriedBeanCurdandFreshShrimps,BaiyunPig‘sTrotters,RoastPigletwithCrispSkin,DongjiangSaltedChicken,RefreshingBeefBalls,TaiyeChicken,FriedJellyFish,etc.

•FujianCuisine（闽菜）

FujianCuisinehavethefollowingcharacteristics:

1）Chefsareskilledintheuseofakitchenknife,fullofinterest.

2）TheFujianpeoplearepeculiaraboutsoup,whichisfullofchanges.

3）Awidevarietyofseasoningsareused,withuniquecharacteristics.

4）Dishesaremeticulouslyprepared,refinedandgraceful.

5）FujianCuisineischaracterizedbyclear,refreshing,deliciousandlighttastes,slightlysweetandsour.

Typicalfamousdishes:

MonkJumpsoverWall,seaclamsinChickenSoup,GlossyGanodermaandJadeCicadas,LitchiPulp,FragrantSlicedSnailswithaFaintSmellofDistillers‘Grains,JadeitePearlAbalone,ChickenwithDistillers‘Grains,etc.Famoussnacks:

FriedOyster,LightlyFriedDumpling,ClamCakes,ThousandLayerCake,MeatBalls,TaijiSmashedTaro.

•JiangsuCuisine（苏菜）

ThemaincharacteristicsofJiangsucuisine:

1）Distinguishedforexquisiteingredients,freshnessandaliveness.

2）Highcuttingtechniques.

3）Haveagoodcommandofdurationanddegreeofheatingandcooking.

4）Goodatkeepingtheoriginaltasteoneparticulartasteforonedish.Alldisheshavelight,mellowandrefreshingtaste