复旦大学博士招生入学考试英语真题doc.docx

复旦大学博士招生入学考试英语真题doc.docx

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复旦大学博士招生入学考试英语真题doc

复旦大学博士招生入学考试英语真题2012年

（总分：

100.00，做题时间：

180分钟）

一、PartIVocabularyan（总题数：

30，分数：

15.00）

1.Itwasverydifficulttofindthepartsneededtodothejobbecauseofthe______waythestorewasorganized.（分数：

0.50）

 A.logical

 B.haphazard

 C.orderly

 D.tidy

2.MississippialsouploldstheSouth’swell-deservedreputationforwarm,hospitablepeople;balmyyear-roundweather;andtruly______cuisine.（分数：

0.50）

 A.destructive

 B.horrible

 C.amiable

 D.delectable

3.Ifsheisstupid,she’s_____pleasanttolookat.（分数：

0.50）

 A.atanyrate

 B.bychance

 C.ataloss

 D.bytheway

4.Themotherwas_____withgriefwhensheheardthatherchildwasdead.（分数：

0.50）

 A.fantastic

 B.frank

 C.frantic

 D.frenzy

5.Inyourteens,peer-groupfriendshipsmay_____fromparentsasthemajorinfluenceonyou.（分数：

0.50）

 A.takecontrol

 B.takeplace

 C.takeup

 D.takeover

6.Parentsoftenfacedthe___betweendoingwhattheyfeltwasgoodforthedevelopmentofthechildandwhattheycouldstandbywayofundisciplinednoiseanddestructiveness.（分数：

0.50）

 A.paradox

 B.junction

 C.premise

 D.dilemma

7.Therehavebeendemonstrationsonthestreets____therecentterroristattack.（分数：

0.50）

 A.inthewakeof

 B.inthecourseof

 C.inthecontextof

 D.inthelightof

8.ThousandsofMedicarepatientswithchronicmedicalconditionshavebeenwrongly_____accesstonecessarycare.（分数：

0.50）

 A.grudged

 B.denied

 C.negated

 D.invalidated

9.Ithasbeenproposedbymanylinguiststhathumanlanguage______,ourbiologicallyprogrammedabilithtouselanguage,isstillnotwelldefinedandunderstood.（分数：

0.50）

 A.potentiality

 B.perception

 C.faculty

 D.acquisition

10.Westernmedicine,_______scienceandpracticedbypeoplewithacademicinternationallyacceptedmedicaldegrees,isonlyoneofmanysystemsofhealing.（分数：

0.50）

 A.rootedin

 B.originatedfrom

 C.trappedin

 D.indulgedin

11.WhenIaskedifablackpoliticiancouldwininFrance,however,heresponded_____:

”No,conditionsaredifferenthere.”（分数：

0.50）

 A.ambiguously

 B.implicitly

 C.unhesitatingly

 D.optimistically

12.Thedevelopmentofstaffcohesionandasenseofteameffortintheworkplacecanbeeffectively_______bytheuseofhumor.（分数：

0.50）

 A.acquainted

 B.installed

 C.regulated

 D.facilitated

13.InbothAmericaandEurope,itis_____totipthewaiterorwaitressanywherefrom10%to20%.（分数：

0.50）

 A.elementary

 B.temporary

 C.voluntary

 D.customary

14.Suchanapproachforcesmanagerstocommunicatewithoneanotherandhelps______rigiddepartmentalborndaries.（分数：

0.50）

 A.passover

 B.standfor

 C.breakdown

 D.setoff

15.Asateenager,Iwas_____byablindpassionforaslimstarIwouldnevermeetinmylife.（分数：

0.50）

 A.pursued

 B.seduced

 C.consumed

 D.guaranteed

16.Hisoriginalityasacomposeris____bythefollowinggroupofsongs.（分数：

0.50）

 A.exemplified

 B.created

 C.performed

 D.realized

17.TheyaregoingtoLondon,buttheir______destinationisRome.（分数：

0.50）

 A.ultimate

 B.prime

 C.next

 D.cardinal

18.Thepooroldmanwas_____withdiabetesandwithoutpropertreatmenthewouldlosehiseyesightandbecomecrippledverysoon.（分数：

0.50）

 A.suffered

 B.afflicted

 C.induced

 D.infected

19.ThebribeandthebridegroomwereoverwhelmedinhappinesswhentheirfamilyofferedtotakethemtoRometo_______themarriage.（分数：

0.50）

 A.terminate

 B.initiate

 C.consummate

 D.separate

20.Joinsaidthattherichercountriesoftheworldshouldmakea_____efforttohelpthepoorercountries.（分数：

0.50）

 A.futile

 B.glittering

 C.frantic

 D.concentrated

21.Theproblemisinherentand_______inanydemocracy,butithasbeenmoresevereinoursduringthepastquarter-centurybecauseofthenearuniversaldenigrationofgovernment,politicsandpoliticians.（分数：

0.50）

 A.perishable

 B.periodical

 C.perverse

 D.perennial

22.Asisknowntoall,____commoditieswilldefinitelydoharmtoourlifesoonerorlater.（分数：

0.50）

 A.counterfeit

 B.fake

 C.imitative

 D.fraudulent

23.Itwouldbe_____tothinkthatthiscouldsolveallthearea’sproblemsstraightaway.（分数：

0.50）

 A.subtle

 B.feeble

 C.nasty

 D.na?

ve

24.Itissurprisingthatsuchaninnocent-lookingmanshouldhave____suchacrime.（分数：

0.50）

 A.confirmed

 B.clarified

 C.committed

 D.converyed

25.Hummansare___,whichenablesthemtomakedicisionsevenwhentheycan’tjustifywhy.（分数：

0.50）

 A.rational

 B.reasonable

 C.hesitant

 D.intuitive

26.Morethan100____catsthatusedtoroamthestreetsinaChineseprovincehavenowbeencollectedandorganizedintoatramtofightrodentsthataredestroyingcrops.（分数：

0.50）

 A.loose

 B.tamed

 C.wild

 D.stary

27.Tosaythathisresignationwasashockwouldbean______-------itcausedpanie.（分数：

0.50）

 A.excuse

 B.indulgence

 C.exaggeration

 D.understatement

28.Heretheburdenofhisthoughtisthatthephilosopher,aimingattruth,mustnot____theseductionoftryingtowritebeautifully.（分数：

0.50）

 A.subjectto

 B.carryon

 C.yieldto

 D.aimat

29.Ifoundthesubjectverydifficult,andatonetimethoughtIshouldhavetogiveitup,butyoudirectionsaresoclearand____thatIhavesucceededingettingapictureweallthinkpretty,thoughwantinginthetendergraceofyours.（分数：

0.50）

 A.onthepoint

 B.offthepoint

 C.tothepoint

 D.uptoapoint

30.Theybothwatchedasthecrimescenetechnicianstooksamplesofvariousfibersandbaggedthem,dustedforfingerprints,tookpicturesandtriedto_____whatcouldhavehappened.（分数：

0.50）

 A.rehearse

 B.reiterate

 C.reinforce

 D.reenact

二、PartIIReadingComp（总题数：

4，分数：

40.00）

In1896aGeorgiacouplesuingfordamagesintheaccidentaldeathoftheirtwoyearoldwastoldthatsincethechildhadmadenorealeconomiccontributiontothefamily,therewasnoliabilityfordamages.Incontrast,lessthanacenturylater,in1979,theparentsofathreeyearoldsuedinNewYorkforaccidental-deathdamagesandwonanawardof$750,000.Thetransformationinsocialvaluesimplicitinjuxta-posingthesetwoincidentsisthesubjectofVivianaZelizer'sexcellentbook,PricingthePricelessChild.Duringthenineteenthcentury,sheargues,theconceptofthe"useful"childwhocontributedtothefamilyeconomygavewaygraduallytothepresent-daynotionofthe"useless"childwho,thoughproducingnoincomefor,andindeedextremelycostlyto,itsparents,isyetconsideredemotionally"priceless."Wellestablishedamongsegmentsofthemiddleandupperclassesbythemid-1800's,thisnewviewofchildhoodspreadthrough-outsocietyintheiate-nineteenthandearly-twentiethcenturiesasreformersintroducedchild-laborregulationsandcompulsoryeducationlawspredicatedinpartontheassumptionthatachild'semotionalvaluemadechildlabortaboo.ForZelizertheoriginsofthistransformationweremanyandcomplex.Thegradualerosionofchildren'sproductivevalueinamaturingindustrialeconomy,thedeclineinbirthanddeathrates,especiallyinchildmortality,andthedevelopmentofthecompanionatefamily（afamilyinwhichmemberswereunitedbyexplicitbondsofloveratherthanduty）wereallfactorscriticalinchangingtheassessmentofchildren'sworth.Yet"expulsionofchildrenfromthe'cashnexus,'……althoughclearlyshapedbyprofoundchangesintheeconomic,occupational,andfamilystructures,"Zelizermaintains."wasalsopartofaculturalprocess'ofsacral-ization'ofchildren'slives."Protectingchildrenfromthecrassbusinessworldbecameenormouslyimportantforlate-nineteenth-centurymiddle-classAmericans,shesuggests;thissacralizationwasawayofresistingwhattheyperceivedastherelentlesscorruptionofhumanvaluesbythemarketplace.Instressingtheculturaldeterminantsofachild'sworth.Zelizertakesissuewithpractitionersofthenew"sociologicaleconomics,"whohaveanalyzedsuchtradi-tionallysociologicaltopicsascrime,marriage,educa-tion,andhealthsolelyintermsoftheireconomicdeter-minants.Allowingonlyasmallroleforculturalforcesintheformofindividual"preferences,"thesesociologiststendtoviewallhumanbehaviorasdirectedprimarilybytheprincipleofmaximizingeconomicgain.Zelizerishighlycriticalofthisapproach,andemphasizesinsteadtheoppositephenomenon:

thepowerofsocialvaluestotransformprice.Aschildrenbecamemorevaluableinemotionalterms,sheargues,their"exchange"or"sur-render"valueonthemarket,thatis,theconversionoftheirintangibleworthintocashterms,becamemuchgreater.（分数：

10.00）

（1）.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethataccidental-deathdamageawardsinamericaduringthenineteenthcenturytendedtobebasedprincipallyonthe（分数：

2.00）

 A.earningsofthepersonattimeofdeath

 B.wealthofthepartycausingthedeath

 C.degreeofculpabilityofthepartycausingthedeath

 D.amountofmoneythathadbeenspentonthepersonkilled

（2）.itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatintheearly1800'schildrenweregenerallyregardedbytheirfamiliesasindividualswho（分数：

2.00）

 A.neededenormousamountsofsecurityandaffection

 B.requiredconstantsupervisionwhileworking

 C.presentthecentralthesisarecentbook

 D.refuteatraditionalexplanationofasocialphenomenon

（3）.whichofthefollowingalternativeexplanationsofthechangeinthecashvalueofchildrenwouldbemostlikelytobeputforwardbysociologicaleconomistsastheyaredescribedinthepassage?

（分数：

2.00）

 A.Thecashvalueofchildrenroseduringthenineteenthcenturybecauseparaentsbegantoincreasetheiremotionalinvestmentintheupbringingoftheirchildren.

 B.Thecashvalueofchildrenroseduringthenineteenthcenturybecausetheirexpectedearningoverthecourseofalifetimeincreasedgreatly.

 C.Thecashvalueofchildrenrosedur