有机化学专业英语.docx
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有机化学专业英语
有机化学专业英语
Angularmethylgroup角甲基Phantomatom虚拟原子
Homotopic等位亚烷基[的]Alkylidenegroup
Heterotopic异位Allylgroup烯丙基[的]
Enantiotopic对映异位][腯Allylic烯丙型[的Diastereotopic非对映异位Phenylgroup苯基[的]
Configuration构型Arylgroup芳基Absoluteconfiguration绝对构型Benzylgroup苄基
Chirality手性苄型[的]Benzylic
Chiral手性[的Activatinggroup活化基团]
Chiralcenter手性中心Chromophore生色团
Chiralmolecule手性分子Auxochrome助色团
Achiral非手性[的各向异性]Magneticallyanisotropicgroup磁Fischerprojection费歇尔投影式基团
Neomanprojection纽曼投影式小环Smallyring
D-LsystemofnomenclatureD-L命名体系普通环Commonring
R-SsyytemofnomenclatureR-S命名体系Mediumrimg中环
Cahn-Ingold-Prelonsequence顺序规则大环Largering
Symmetryfactor对称因素桥环体系Bridged-ringsystem
Planeofsymmetry对称面螺环化合物Spirocompound
Mirrorsymmetry镜面对称螺旋型分子Helicalmolecule
Enantiomer对映八面体化合物Octahedralcompound[异构]体
Diastereomer非对映共轭Conjugation[异构]体
Epimer差向异构体共轭体系Conjugated-system
Anomer端基[差向正离子酰Acylcation[基]]异构体
Erythroconfiguration正离子基苄Benzyliccation[]赤型构型
Erythroisomer赤型异构体正离子基芳Arenirmion[]
Threoconfiguration苏型构型羰自由基Ketylradical
ThreoisomerRadicalion苏型异构体自由基离子
Trigonalcarbon自由基正离子Radicalcation三角型碳
Cis-transisomerism顺反异构自由基负离子Radicalanion
EisomerE异构体现象异构Isomerism[]
ZisomerZ异构体酸式Aciform
Endoisomer内型异构体循变结构Fluxionalstructure
Exoisomer外型异构体立体化学Stereochemistry
ProchiralityOpticalactivity前手性光学活性
Pro-Rgroup前R基团右旋异构体Dextroisomer
Pro-Sproup前S基团左旋异构体Laevoisomer
RefaceRe面四面体构型Tetrahedralconfiguration
SifaceSi]现象立体异构Stereoisomerism[面
Racemicmixture不对称原子Asymmetricatom外消旋混合物
RacemiccompoundAsymmetriccarbon不对称碳外消旋化合物
Racemicsolidsolution外消旋固体溶液假不对称碳Pseudoasymmetriccarbon
Mesocompound内消旋化合物
1
有机化学专业英语
Quasirecemate准外消旋体Homolog同系物
Ipsoposition本位Conformation构象
Orthoposition邻位Conformational构象分析
Metaposition间位Torsionangle扭转角
Paraposition对位Rotamer旋转异构体AmphipositionAnticonformation反式构象远位
Periposition近位等分构象Bisectingconformation
Trigonalhybridization三角杂化Antiperiplanarconformation反叠构象
Molecularorbiralmethod分子轨道法Synperiplanarconformation顺叠构象
Valencebondmethod价键法Synclinalconformation反错构象
Delocalezedbond离域键Synclinalconformation顺错构象
Crossconjugation交叉共轭Eclipsedconformation重叠构象
Vinylog插烯物邻Gaucheconformation,skewcon-formation
Mesomericeffect中介效应位交叉构象Resonance对位交叉构象Staggeredconformation共振
Resonanceeffect共振效应空间效应Stericeffect
HyperconjugationSterichindrance超共轭位阻
Isovalenthyperconjugation等价超共轭阻转异构体Atropismer
No-bondresonancePuckeredring无键共振折叠环
Aromaticity芳香性构象反转Conformationalinversion
Aromaticsexter芳香六隅椅型构象Chairconformation
Huckel'rule休克尔规则船型构象Boatconformation
Paramagneticringcurrent顺磁环电流扭型构象Twistconformation
Diamagneticringcruuent抗磁环电流扭船型构象Skewboatconformation
Homoaromaticity半椅型构象Half-chairconformation同芳香性
Antiaromaticity反芳香性假旋转Pseudorotation
Alternanthydrocarbon交替烃构象型信封Envelopeconformation[]
Non-alternanthydrocarbon非交替烷键立直Axialbond[]
Pericyclicreaction周环反应键伏平Equatorialbond[]
Electrocyclicrearrangement电环[化]顺向构象Cisoidconformation重排
Conrotatory顺旋反向构象Transoidconformation
Disroatatory对旋构型保持RetentionofconfigurationCycloaddition环加成
Symmetryforbidden-reactionRegioselectivity区域选择性对称禁阻反应
SynfacialreactionRegiospecificity区域专一性同面反应
AntarafacialreactionStereocelectivity立体选择性异面反应
MobiussystemStereospecificty立体专一性默比乌斯体系
LeoisstructureConformer构象异构体路易斯结构
Coordinate-covalentbond配位共价键Conformationaleffect构象效应克拉姆规则Cram'srubeBananabond香蕉键
普雷洛格规则Prelog'rulePaulingelectronegativityscale鲍林电负性标度取向]化学[立体Stereochemicalorientation
Polarizability构象传递Conformationaltransmission可极化性
2
有机化学专业英语
Inductiveeffect诱导效应Small-anglestrain小角张力
Largeanglestrain大角张力Fieldeffect场效应Transannularinteraction跨环相互作用Electricaleffect电场效应
Transannularstrain跨环张力tautomerism互变异构
Istrain内张力互变异构化Tautomerization
Fstrain前张力-烯醇互变异构Keto-enoltautomerism酮Bstrain后张力Phenol-ketotautomerism酚-酮互变异构
Anomericeffect端基异构效应-烯胺互变亚Imine-enamineatutomerism胺Waldeninversion瓦尔登反转异构
Racemization外消旋化链互变异构Ring-chaintautomerism环-Isoinversion等反转价互变异构Valencetautomerism
Isoracemization]等消旋两可Ambident[的HomochiralSolventeffect溶剂效应纯手性[的]
Mechanism机理Acid-basecatalyxedreaction酸性溶剂
Unimolecularnucleophilic单分子亲核取代Basicsolvent碱性溶剂Bimolecularnucleophilicsub-stitutionDielectricconstant介电常数双分子亲核取代Solvatedelectron溶剂化电子Bimolecularnucleophilicsubsti-tution（withallAcid-basecatalyzedreaction酸碱催化反应ylicrearrange-ment）共轭酸Conjugatebase双分子亲核取代（含烯丙型重排）Conjugatebase共轭碱
Internalnucleophilicsubstiru-tion分子内亲Thermodynamicacidity热力学酸度
核取代Kineticacidity动力学酸度
Electrondonof-acceptorcomplex,EDAcompleAromaticnucleophilicsubstitu-tion芳香亲核取代][x电子给体受体络合物Unimolecularelectrophilicsub-stitution单Host主体分子亲电取代Guest客体
Bimolecularelectrophilicsubsti-tution双分子Primaryisotopeeffect一级同位素效应亲电取代Secondaryisotopeeffect二级同位数效应
Nucleophile-assistedunimolecu-larelectrophilInverseisotopeeffect逆同位素效应
icsubstitution亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Kineticcontrol动力学控制
Unimolecularelimination单分子消除Thermodynamiccontrol热力学控制
Bimolecularelimination双分子消除Substrate底物
UnimoleculareliminationthroughtheconjugaIntermediate中间体tebase单分子共轭碱消除Reactiveintermediate活泼中间体
Bimoleculareliminationthroughtheconjugate微观可逆性Microscopicreversibility
base双分子共轭碱消除Hammondpostulate哈蒙德假说
Bimoleculareliminationwithfor-mationofac线性自由能Linearfreeenergy
arbonylgroup双分子羰基形成消除Non-bondedinteraction非键相互作用
Unimolecularacid-catalyzedacyl-oxygenclea扭转效应Torsionaleffect
vagePitzerstrain皮策张力单分子酸催化酰氧断裂
Bimolecularbase-catalyzedacyl-oxygencleav阻碍旋转Restrictedrotation
age双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Eclipsingeffect重叠效应
Unimolecularacid-catalyzedalkyl-oxygencleEclipsingstrain重叠张力3
有机化学专业英语
avage单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Nucleophilicity亲核性
α-effectα-效应Bimllecularbase-catalyzedal-kyl-oxygencleBacksideattack背面进攻avage双分子碱催化烷氧断裂
烯丙型络合机π-allylcomplexmechanismπInversion反转
Umbrellaeffect伞效应理
Push-pulleffect推拉效应Borderlinemechanism边理机理
Leavinggroup离去基团Homolysis均裂
Electrofuge离电体Heterolysis异裂
Nucleofuge离核体Heterolyticmichanism异裂机理
Phase-transfercatalysisCounrer[gegen]ion反荷离子相转移催化
Neighboringgroupparticipation邻基基参与Ionpair离子对
Neighboringproupassistance,anchimericassisCarbocation碳正离子tance邻助作用Nonclassicalcarbocation非经典碳正离子
Neighboringgroupeffect邻基效应Carbanion碳负离子
Apofacialreaction反面反应Maskedcarbanion掩蔽碳负离子
Briddgeheaddisplacement桥头取代Carbenoid卡宾体
Arylaction芳正离子Carbene卡宾
Benzyne苯炔Nitrene氮宾
Zaitsevrule札依采夫规则Carbine碳炔Anti-ZaitsevorientationElectrophilicaddition亲电加成反札依采夫定向
Hofmann'srule霍夫曼规则Electrophile亲电体Bredtrule布雷特规则Diaxialaddition双直键加成Markovnikov'srube马尔科夫尼科规则Initiation引发
Anioniccleavage负离子裂解Anti-Markovnikovaddition反马氏加成
Partialbondfixation键[的]迈克尔加成Michaeladdition部分固定化
02．3取代Substitution有机化学反应
Alkylation烷基化亲电取代Electrophilicsubstitution
C-alkylationC-烷基化加成消除机Addition-eliminationmechanism
O-alkylationO-理烷基化
N-alkylationN-烷基化Electrophilicaromaticsubstitu-tion亲电芳香
Silylation硅烷[基取代]化
Exhaustivemethylation电子转移Electrontransfer彻底甲基化
Secoalkylation断裂烷基化给电子基团Electron-donatinggroup
Demethylation脱甲基化吸电子基团Electron-Withdrawinggroup
Ethylation乙基化钝化基团Deactivatinggroup
Arylation芳基化取向Orinentation
Acylation酰化邻对位定位基Ortho-paradirectinggroup
Formylation间位定位基Metadirectinggroup甲酰化
Carbalkoxylation邻位效应Orthoeffect烷氧羰基化
Carboamidation分速度系数Partialratefactor氨羰基化
CarboxylationNucleophilicreaction羧基化亲核反应Amination氨基化内返Internalreturn
Bisamination亲核体Nucleophilicity双氨基化
4
有机化学专业英语
Cinesubstitution移位取代Dienophile亲双烯体
Endoaddition内型加成氨基交换Transamination
Exoaddition外型加成Hydroxylation羟基化
Diels-Alderreaction第尔斯-尔德反应acyloxyation酰氧基化
RetroDiels-Alderreaction逆第尔斯-Decarboxylativenitration脱羧卤化阿尔德反应Allylichalogenation烯丙型卤化
Enesynthesis单烯合成Dehalogenation脱卤AnioniccycloadditionNitration硝化负离子环加成
Dipolaraddition偶极加成脱羧硝化Decarboxylativenitration
-elimination-消除Nitrosation亚硝化
-elimination-消除磺化Sulfonation
-elimination-消除Chlorosulfonation氯磺酰化
-elimination-消除Desulfonation脱磺酸基
Dehydrohalogenation脱卤化氢Sulfenylation亚磺酰化
Deamination脱氨基磺酰化Sulfonylation
Pyrolyticelimination热解消除Chlorosulfenation氯亚磺酰化
Elimination-addition消除-加成Chlorocarbonylation氯羰基化
Decarboxylation脱羧Diazotization重氮化
Decarboxamidation脱酰胺Diazotransfer重氮基转移
Decyanation偶联反应脱氰基Couplingreaction
Alkylolysis,alkylcleavage重氮偶联Diazoniumcoupling烷基裂解
Acylolysis,acylcleavage酰基裂解Cross-couplingreaction交叉偶联反应
Flashpyrolysis闪热裂加成，1,4-addition14-Fragmentation共轭加成Conjugateaddition碎裂
Chiletropicreaction螯键反应二聚Dimerization
Chelation螯环化三聚Trimefization
Esterification酯化加成二聚Additivedimerization
Transesterification硫化sulfurization酯交换
Saponification皂化硒化Selenylation
Alcoholysis醇解硼氢化Hydroboration
Ethanolysis乙醇解羟氨基化Oxyamination
Cyanomethylation氰甲基化插入Insertion
Aminomethylation氨甲基化羧基化carbonylation
HydroxymethylationHydroformylation羟甲基化加氢甲酰基化Hydroxyalkylation羟烷基化加氢酰化Hydroacylation
CholromethylationOxoprocess氯甲基化羰基合成Haloalkylation卤烷基化脱羰Decarbonylation
Transacetalation缩醛交换氢羧基化Hydrocarboxylation
Enolization烯醇化同系化Homologization
Haloformreaction氰乙基化Cyanoethylation卤仿反应
Condensation脱氰乙基Decyanoethylation缩合
Aldolcondensation羟醛缩合环合Ringclsure
Crossaldolcondensation双烯合成Dienesynthesis交叉羟醛缩合
5
有机化学专业英语
Retrogradealdolcondensation逆羟醛缩合-ketolrearrangement-酮醇重排
Pinacolrearrangement频哪醇重排偶姻缩合Acyloincondensation
Retropinacolrearrangem
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