虚拟语气语法讲解.docx
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虚拟语气语法讲解
虚拟语气语法讲解
篇一：
高中英语语法讲解--虚拟语气
高中英语语法讲解--虚拟语气
1.语气的定义和种类
（1）语气的定义
语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
（2）语气的种类A.陈述语气
表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
Wearenotready.
Diditrainalldayyesterday?
Whatafinedaytoday！
B.祈使语气
表使说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。
Becareful.
Don’tforgettoclosethewindow.Openthedoor,please.C.虚拟语气
表使动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
2.虚拟语气
（1）辨别if引导真实条件句和if引导的虚拟条件句的区别
Ifhehastime,hewillgowithus.=Probablyhehastimeandwillgowithus.Ifhehadtime,hewouldgowithus.=Butinfacthehasnotime.
（2）虚拟条件句中主句和从句的谓与动词构成形式如下表
（3）混合时间的虚拟语气
如果条件句中的动作和主句的动作不是同时发生，主句和从句的谓语动词的形式应分别根据各自所表示的时间加以调整。
1.IfIhadreceivedthepassportyesterday,Iwouldstarttoday.2.Ifhehadtelephonedmelastnight,Iwouldseehimnow.3.Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,hewouldbeallrightnow.
4.IfChinahadnotbeenliberated,theworkingpeoplewouldstillbeleadingamiserablelife.
5.Ifhehadlistenedtome,he______beinsuchtroublenow.A.haven’tC.hadnot答案：
5.B
（4）should/could/might/oughtto+havedone表示“过去本应该/可以做而实际上却没做”
needn’thavedone表示“过去没必要作而实际上做了”
1.WangFang_______collegelastyear.Unfortunately,hecouldn’ttaketheexaminationsbecauseofasuddenillness.
A.couldgo
Bdidgo
D.musthavegone
B.wouldnotD.wouldhaven’t
C.couldhavegone
2.Theplantisdead.I_______itmorewater.A.willgive
B.wouldhavegone
C.mustgiveD.shouldhavegone
3.IcouldhavedonebetterifI________moretime.A.havehadC.hadhad
B.had
D.willhavehad
4.He______toldyouthat.A.needsnothaveC.needn’thas
B.needn’thaveD.willhavehad
5.You________ittoyourfather.Whynot？
A.wouldtell
B.shouldtellD.shouldhavetold
C.wouldhavetold
6.Evenifyouhadnotbeenabletocomelastweek,you______usknow.A.shallhaveletC.havehadlet答案：
1―6CDCBDD
（5）虚拟语气中的倒装句
如果虚拟语气的条件从句谓语动词中含有were,had,could,should，有时可将if省去，而将条件从句的主语置于were,had,should,could之后。
Hadyouinvitedus,wewouldhavecometoyourparty.WereIyou,Iwoulddomorepracticeafterclass.Couldshelendusahelpinghand,shewoulddoso.1._________hewouldhavesucceededintheexamination.A.HadheworkedhardB.IfheworkedhardC.IfheworkshardD.Ifhehasworkedhard
2._______itraintomorrow,wewouldstayathome.A.Should
B.Be
C.Were
D.Will
B.hadletD.shouldhavelet
3._______,hewouldteachushowtosolvetheproblem.A.Werehehere
B.Washehere
C.IfheisD.Ishehere
4._________,weshouldbeglad.A.WeretheytoarrivetomorrowB.TheyweretoarrivetomorrowC.TheywouldarrivetomorrowD.Theyarrivetomorrow
5._______theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasily.A.WereitnotforC.Ifitwerenot答案：
1―5AAAAA
（6）wish后面的宾语从句的谓语动词应使用虚拟语气，表示“可惜…；….就好了；悔不该…；但愿…。
”
1.IwishIknewthekeytotheanswer.2.IwishIweretenyearsyounger.
3.IwishthatIhadgonetothefootballmatchlastweek.4.Iwishthatyouhadbeenhereyesterday.5.Hewishesthatwewouldvisittheoldschool.
B.IfithadnotbeenforD.Haditnotbeenfor
6.HowIwishtheseboyswouldbequiet.7.IwishI_______youyesterday.A.saw
B.didsee
C.hadseen
D.weretosee
8.―HaveyouvisitedtheScienceMuseum?
―No,butIreallywishI_______.A.will
B.have
C.did
D.had
9.Iwishthattherain______stop.A.will答案：
7―9CDB
（7）表示命令或建议动词suggest,insist,propose,desire,demand,request,order,command后的宾语从句中应使用虚拟should+动词原形；should不可用would来替代;主句所使用的动词时态不限。
1.Theteacherinsistedthateverystudent_______everyotherline.A.writes
B.write
C.wouldwrite
D.wrote
B.would
Cmay
D.can
2.Jack’sfatherinsists______inthishotel.A.notstayingC.thathenotstay
BnottostayD.stayingnot
3.Theyinsistedthatyou_______themaquickanswer.A.shouldgiveC.mustgive
B.gaveD.wouldgive
4.Theguardatthegateinsistedthateverybody_______therules.A.obeys答案：
1―4BCAB
（8）suggest为“建议去做…;命令…”从句用should+do为“说明；暗示”,从句用过去时或过去完成时。
1.ThedoctorsuggestedthatIshouldtakethemedicinethreetimesaday.2.Thedoctorsuggestedthatmygrandmotherhadcaughtabadcold.3.Theexpressiononherfacesuggeststhatsheknewthesecret.
B.obey
C.willobey
D.wouldobey
篇二：
高中英语语法讲解虚拟语气
高中英语语法讲解--虚拟语气
1.语气的定义和种类
（1）语气的定义
语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
（2）语气的种类A.陈述语气
表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
Wearenotready.
Diditrainalldayyesterday?
Whatafinedaytoday！
B.祈使语气
表使说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。
Becareful.
Don’tforgettoclosethewindow.Openthedoor,please.C.虚拟语气
表使动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
2.虚拟语气
（1）辨别if引导真实条件句和if引导的虚拟条件句的区别
Ifhehastime,hewillgowithus.=Probablyhehastimeandwillgowithus.Ifhehadtime,hewouldgowithus.=Butinfacthehasnotime.
（2）虚拟条件句中主句和从句的谓与动词构成形式如下表
1
（3）混合时间的虚拟语气
如果条件句中的动作和主句的动作不是同时发生，主句和从句的谓语动词的形式应分别根据各自所表示的时间加以调整。
1.IfIhadreceivedthepassportyesterday,Iwouldstarttoday.2.Ifhehadtelephonedmelastnight,Iwouldseehimnow.3.Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,hewouldbeallrightnow.
4.IfChinahadnotbeenliberated,theworkingpeoplewouldstillbeleadingamiserablelife.
5.Ifhehadlistenedtome,he______beinsuchtroublenow.A.haven’tC.hadnot答案：
5.B
（4）should/could/might/oughtto+havedone表示“过去本应该/可以做而实际上却没做”
needn’thavedone表示“过去没必要作而实际上做了”
1.WangFang_______collegelastyear.Unfortunately,hecouldn’ttaketheexaminationsbecauseofasuddenillness.
A.couldgo
Bdidgo
D.musthavegone
B.wouldnotD.wouldhaven’t
C.couldhavegone
2.Theplantisdead.I_______itmorewater.A.willgive
B.wouldhavegone
2
C.mustgiveD.shouldhavegone
3.IcouldhavedonebetterifI________moretime.A.havehadC.hadhad
B.had
D.willhavehad
4.He______toldyouthat.A.needsnothaveC.needn’thas
B.needn’thaveD.willhavehad
5.You________ittoyourfather.Whynot？
A.wouldtell
B.shouldtellD.shouldhavetold
C.wouldhavetold
6.Evenifyouhadnotbeenabletocomelastweek,you______usknow.A.shallhaveletC.havehadlet答案：
1―6CDCBDD
（5）虚拟语气中的倒装句
如果虚拟语气的条件从句谓语动词中含有were,had,could,should，有时可将if省去，而将条件从句的主语置于were,had,should,could之后。
Hadyouinvitedus,wewouldhavecometoyourparty.WereIyou,Iwoulddomorepracticeafterclass.Couldshelendusahelpinghand,shewoulddoso.1._________hewouldhavesucceededintheexamination.A.HadheworkedhardB.IfheworkedhardC.IfheworkshardD.Ifhehasworkedhard
2._______itraintomorrow,wewouldstayathome.A.Should
B.Be
C.Were
D.Will
B.hadletD.shouldhavelet
3._______,hewouldteachushowtosolvetheproblem.A.Werehehere
B.Washehere
3
C.IfheisD.Ishehere
4._________,weshouldbeglad.A.WeretheytoarrivetomorrowB.TheyweretoarrivetomorrowC.TheywouldarrivetomorrowD.Theyarrivetomorrow
5._______theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasily.A.WereitnotforC.Ifitwerenot答案：
1―5AAAAA
（6）wish后面的宾语从句的谓语动词应使用虚拟语气，表示“可惜…；….就好了；悔不该…；但愿…。
”
1.IwishIknewthekeytotheanswer.2.IwishIweretenyearsyounger.
3.IwishthatIhadgonetothefootballmatchlastweek.4.Iwishthatyouhadbeenhereyesterday.5.Hewishesthatwewouldvisittheoldschool.
4
B.IfithadnotbeenforD.Haditnotbeenfor
6.HowIwishtheseboyswouldbequiet.7.IwishI_______youyesterday.A.saw
B.didsee
C.hadseen
D.weretosee
8.―HaveyouvisitedtheScienceMuseum?
―No,butIreallywishI_______.A.will
B.have
C.did
D.had
9.Iwishthattherain______stop.A.will答案：
7―9CDB
（7）表示命令或建议动词suggest,insist,propose,desire,demand,request,order,command后的宾语从句中应使用虚拟should+动词原形；should不可用would来替代;主句所使用的动词时态不限。
1.Theteacherinsistedthateverystudent_______everyotherline.A.writes
B.write
C.wouldwrite
D.wrote
B.would
Cmay
D.can
2.Jack’sfatherinsists______inthishotel.A.notstayingC.thathenotstay
BnottostayD.stayingnot
3.Theyinsistedthatyou_______themaquickanswer.A.shouldgiveC.mustgive
B.gaveD.wouldgive
4.Theguardatthegateinsistedthateverybody_______therules.A.obeys答案：
1―4BCAB
（8）suggest为“建议去做…;命令…”从句用should+do为“说明；暗示”,从句用过去时或过去完成时。
1.ThedoctorsuggestedthatIshouldtakethemedicinethreetimesaday.2.Thedoctorsuggestedthatmygrandmotherhadcaughtabadcold.3.Theexpressiononherfacesuggeststhatsheknewthesecret.
5
B.obeyC.willobeyD.wouldobey
篇三：
高中英语语法讲解--虚拟语气
虚拟语气
一．语气的定义和种类
1.语气的定义
语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
2.语气的种类
A.陈述语气
表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和感叹句。
Wearenotready.
Diditrainalldayyesterday?
Whatafinedaytoday！
B.祈使语气
表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。
Openthedoor,please.
Don’tforgettoclosethewindow.
C.虚拟语气
表使动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
二．虚拟语气
1.条件句中的虚拟语气
if引导真实条件句和if引导的虚拟条件句的区别
Ifhehastime,hewillgowithus.（Probablyhehastimeandwillgowithus.）Ifhehadtime,hewouldgowithus.（Butinfacthehasnotime.）
①Ifhehadtimenow,hewouldgowithyou.（与______事实相反）
②Ifhewerenotbusynow,hewouldgowithyou.（与______事实相反）
③Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemetthefamoussinger.（与______事实相反）
④Ifitweretosnow/shouldsnow/snowedthisevening,theywouldnotgoout.
（与______事实相反）
练习：
与现在事实相反的句子
①Ifyou_______here,you__________thefamousstar.如果你在这里，你就会见到这位明星。
②IfI________theplace,Iwouldleadyouthere.如果我知道这个地方，我会带你去的。
与过去事实相反
①Ifhe________aboutcomputers,we____________himtowo
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