职称英语考试理工类B级考试真题及答案解析.docx
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职称英语考试理工类B级考试真题及答案解析
2009年职称英语考试理工类B级真题（代码22）
第一题：
词汇选项参考答案讲评
1.call-phone
2.conversation-talk
3.proposed-suggested
4.reliedon-dependedon
5.breaks-beats
6.cheerful-happy
7.exhibited-displayed
8.fury-anger
9.diligent-hardworking
10.persistent-continuous
11.eternal-everlasting
12.wrecked-damaged
13.authentic-genuine
14.lure-attraction
15.puzzle-mystery
答案：
ADCABBADCDBADBD
第二题:
阅读判断
参考答案讲评
16.Itisestimatedthatwaterusewillriseby50%inthenext30years.（A）
17.Mostdevelopedcountrieswillfacewatershortagein20years.（B）
18.Mostoftheworld’spopulationmaylivewithin100kmoftheseain2025.（A）
19.Almostallcoralreefsmaydisappearin100years.（B）
20.SomespeciesoffishintheAtlanticareatdangerouslylowlevel.（C）
21.Theworldbankreportimpliesthaturgentactionshouldbetakentoprotectwatersupplies.（A）
22.Indiaexceeds（willexceed）environmentallimitsforwateruse.（B）
标准答案为ABABCAB
第三题：
概括大意与完成句子
参考答案讲评
23.Paragraph1C:
implicationsofchimpanzeeextinctionforhumans（段落最后一句）
24.Paragraph2E：
Geneticsimilaritiesbetweenchimpsandhumans（段落第一句及段落中间部分均提及）
25.Paragraph3B：
reasonsforHIVresistance（该主题需要考生结合下个段落内容推断出来）
26.Paragraph4F：
Chimps’resistancetoHIV（段落第一句）
27.D.humansurvival
28.E.Humangenomes（基因组）
29.C;somediseases
30:
B:
somehumandiseasetreatment（出题句在文章第5段）
B22的标准答案为CEBFDECB
第四题：
阅读理解第1篇：
Water
（没找到原文）31世原文D
32
好像是世界水总量B总水量维持不变?
33
是大部分的可饮用水资源储存答案A冰川和山川?
34
翻译短语D少量的?
35
raildownland多于ocean还是ocean多于land?
B22的标准答案为DBADC（红色字体有待大家考证，黑色字体已经确认正确）
第2篇：
Mind-reading
（参考教材，好像其中一个题选项提问与教材不一样）
32.Mind-reading1Machine
AteamofresearchersinCaliforniahasdevelopedawaytopredictwhatkindsofobjectspeoplearrelookingatbyscanningwhat'shappeningintheirbrains.
Whenyoulookatsomething,youreyessendasignalaboutthatobjecttoyourbrain.Differentregionsofthebrainprocesstheinformationyoureyessend.Cellsinyourbraincalledneuronsareresponsibleforthisprocessing.
ThefMRI（functionalMagneticResonanceImaging）2brainscanscouldgenerallymatchelectricalactivityinthebraintothebasicshapeofapicturethatsomeonewaslookingat.
Likecellsanywhereelseinyourbody,activeneuronsuseoxygen.Bloodbringsoxygentotheneurons,andthemoreactiveaneuronis,themoreoxygenitwillconsume.Themoreactivearegionofthebrain,themoreactiveitsneurons,andinturn,themorebloodwilltraveltothatregion.AndbyusingfMRI,scientistscanvisualize3whichpartsofthebrainreceivemoreoxygen-richblood--andtherefore,whichpartsareworkingtoprocessinformation.
AnfMRImachineisadevicethatscansthebrainandmeasureschangesinbloodflowtothebrain.Thetechnologyshowsresearchershowbrainactivitychangeswhenapersonthinks,looksatsomething,orcarriesoutanactivitylikespeakingorreading.Byhighlightingtheareasofthebrainatworkwhenapersonlooksatdifferentimages,fMRImayhelpscientistsdeterminespecificpatternsofbrainactivityassociatedwithdifferentkindsofimages.
TheCaliforniaresearcherstestedbrainactivitybyhavingtwovolunteersviewhundredsofpicturesofeverydayobjects,likepeople,animals,andfruits.ThescientistsusedanfMRImachinetorecordthevolunteers'brainactivitywitheachphotographtheylookedat.Differentobjectscauseddifferentregionsofthevolunteers'brainstolightuponthescan,indicatingactivity.Thescientistsusedthisinformationtobuildamodeltopredicthowthebrainmightrespondtoanyimagetheeyessee.
Inasecondtest,thescientistsaskedthevolunteerstolookat120newpictures.Likebefore,theirbrainswerescannedeverytimetheylookedatanewimage.Thistime,thescientistsusedtheirmodeltomatchthefMRIscanstotheimage.Forexample,ifascaninthesecondtestshowedthesamepatternofbrainactivitythatwasstronglyrelatedtopicturesofapplesinthefirsttest,theirmodelwouldhavepredictedthevolunteerswerelookingatapples.
词汇：
scanv.&n.扫描
visualizev.使可见;设想
neuronn.神经元
注释:
1.Mind-reading:
能读出（猜出）人的想法的。
mind-read:
可做动词，如，Asasuccessful
salesman,heisabletomind-readhiscustomers.
2.FMRI（functionalMagneticResonanceImaging）:
功能性磁振造影。
这是一种新兴的神经影像学方式，其原理是利用磁振造影来测量神经元活动所引发之血液动力的改变。
3.visualize:
意为make（something）visibletotheeye，即“使可见，使显现”。
36.Whatisresponsibleforprocessingtheinformationsentbyyoureyes?
A）Asmallregionofthebrain.
B）Thecentralpartofthebrain.
C）Neuronsinthebrain.
D）Oxygen-richblood.
37.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTmeantbythewriter?
A）Ceilsinyourbrainarecalledneurons.
B）Themoreoxygenaneuronconsumes,themoreblooditneeds.
C）FMRIhelpsscientiststodiscoverwhichpartsofthebrainprocessinformation.
D）fMRIhelpsscientiststodiscoverhowthebraindevelopsintelligently.
38."Highlightingtheareasofthebrainatwork"means
A）"markingthepartsofthebrainthatareprocessinginformation"
B）"givinglighttothepartsofthebrainthatareprocessinginformation"
C）"puttingthepartsofthebraintowork"
D）"stoppingthepartsofthebrainfromworking"
39.Whatdidtheresearchersexperimenton?
A）Animals,objects,andfruits.
B）Twovolunteers.
C）fMRImachines.
D）Thousandsofpictures.
40.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebestreplacementofthetide?
A）TheRecentDevelopmentinScienceandTechnology.
B）YourThoughtsCanBeScanned.
C）ATechnologicalDream.
D）ADevicethatcanHelpYouCalculate.
答案与题解：
36.C文章第二段的最后两个句子提供了答案。
Cellsinyourbraincalledneuronsare
responsibleforthisprocessin9.这里的processin9指的就是上句中的内容。
37.该题目发生变化。
问题：
fMIR这台机器是干什么用的?
答案：
AnfMRImachineisadevicethatscansthebrainandmeasureschangesinbloodflowtothebrain.见文章第5段。
38.A
highlight：
使…显得突出，标出。
atwork：
正在工作的。
这里指正在处理信息的（大脑区域）。
39.B答案在文章的第六段中可以找到。
实验者让两个自愿受试者观看许多照片，并用fMRI对设备测试他们的大脑在这一过程中的活动。
40.B
A论述的范围太大。
fMR技术已不再是梦想，所以C也不是正确选择。
D所述内容与文章完全不符。
B符合文章内容，是最佳选择。
标准答案为CCADA
第3篇：
youthemancipationinSpain
TheSpanishGovernmentissoworriedaboutthenumberofyoungadultsstilllivingwiththeirparentsthatithasdecidedtohelpthemleavethenest.
Around55percentofpeopleaged18-34inSpainstillsleepintheirparents’home,saysthelatestreportfromthecountry’sstate-runInstituteofYouth.
Tocoaxyoungpeoplefromtheirhomes,theInstitutestarteda“YouthEmancipation”programmethismonth.Theprogrammeoffersguidanceinfindingroomsandjobs.
Economistsblameyoungpeople’sfamilydependenceontheprecariouslabourmarketandincreasinghousingprices.Housingpriceshaverisen17percentayearsince2000.
Culturalreasonsalsocontributetotheproblem,saysociologists.FamilytiesinsouthEurope–Italy,PortugalandGreece–arestrongerthanthoseinmiddleandnorthEurope,saidSpanishsociologistAlmudenaMorenoMinguezinherreport“TheLateEmancipationofSpanishYouthKeyforUnderstanding”.
“Ingeneral,youngpeopleinSpainfirmlybelieveinthefamilyasthemainbodyaroundwhichtheirprivatelifeisorganized,”saidMinguez.
InSpain–especiallyinthecountryside,itisnotuncommontofindentiregroupsofaunts,uncles,cousins,niecesandnephewsalllivingonthesamestreet.TheyregularlygettogetherforSundaydinner.
Parents’toleranceisanotherfactor.Spanishparentsacceptlate-nightpartyingandarewaryofsettingbedtimerules.
“Achildcanarrivehomeatwhatevertimehewants.Ifparentscomplainhe’llputupafightandcallthefatherafascist,”saidJoseAntonioGomezYanez,asociologistatCarlosIIIUniversityinMadrid.
Mothers’willingnesstodochildren’shouseholdchoresworsenstheproblem.DionisioMasso,a60-year-oldinMadrid,hasthreechildrenintheir20s.theeldest28,hasagirlfriendandajob.Butlifewithmumisgood.
“Hismumdoesthewashandcooksforhim,intheend,heliveswell.”Massosaid.
41The“YouthEmancipation”programmeaimsathelpingyoungpeople
Aliveinanindependentway
Bfightforfreedom
Cfightagainstsocialinjustice
Dgetridoffamilyresponsibilities
42Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph5thatfamilytiesarestrongerinPortugalthanin
AGreece
BFinland（位于欧洲北部）
CSpain（位于欧洲西南）
DItaly
43Youngpeople’sfamilydependencecanbeattributedtoallthefollowingfactorsEXCEPT
Aparents’tolerance
Bhousingproblems
CUnwillingnesstogetmarried.
Dculturaltraditions
44WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueofDionisioMasso?
Ahehasaboyfriend
BSheis60yearsold.
CShehasthreechildren
DShelivesinMadrid
45Thephrase“waryof”inparagraph8couldbebestreplacedby
Atiredof
Bafraidof
Cworriedabout
Dcautiousabout
答案与题解：
41.A：
Liveinanindependentway.（出题句：
Coax（引诱）youngpeoplefromtheirhomes）
42.B：
Finland（Greece/Spain出现在并列结构中，Spain在文章中提到了，只有Finland没有被提到）
43.C：
unwillingnesstogetmarried（该信息在文章中没有被提到）
44.A：
Shehasaboyfriend.（该题又是在考查插入语结构，出题句。
。
。
，a60-year-oldinMadrid,hadthreechildrenintheir20s.）
45.D：
waryof/cautiousabout/小心谨慎的
标准答案为ABCAD
第五题：
补全短文
ReducePackaging
PressureincreasedrecentlyonBritishsupermarketsandretailerstoreducepackagingaspartofananti-wastecampaign____46_F___.Britaingenerates4.6milliontonsofhouseholdwasteeveryyearbypackaging.Dozensofpeoplehaveexpressedangerattheexcessofplasticwrapping.CampaignershavecalledonBritaintolearnfromotherEuropeancountries.___47_B__.Whenreturned
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