医学博士全国统考英语考前辅导讲义Word文档格式.docx
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2.04-07年SectionA考点类型举例
♦形近词辨析：
Allthecharactersintheplayare____.
A.imaginableB.imaginaryC.imaginativeD.imaging
♦形近词组辨析：
Losingthejobwasbad,butevenworsewasthefeelingthatIhad____mydearwifeandchildren.
A.letaloneB.letdownC.letoffD.letup
Publicly,therearetryingto____thislatestfailure,butinprivatetheyareveryworried.
A.putoffB.laughoffC.payoffD.layoff
♦近义词辨析：
Thejudge____allthechargesagainstSmith.
A.dismissedB.eliminatedC.refusedD.discarded
♦纯词汇：
Thepoornutritionintheearlystagesofinfancycan____adultgrowth.
A.degenerateB.deteriorateC.boostD.retard
♦纯词组：
I’m____passinganewlawthathelpspoorchildrengetbettermedicine.
A.takingadvantageofB.standingupfor
C.lookinguptoD.takingholdof
♦语境：
Wemanagedtoreachthetopofthemountain,andhalfanhourlaterwebeganto____.
A.declineB.ascendC.descendD.plunge
3.解题技巧
♦排除法：
Thesupplyofgoldinthemineshad____,causinggreatconcernamongtheresidentsinthetown.
A.increasedB.devaluedC.diminishedD.extended.
♦利用题干语境
Therewasno____buttoclosetheroaduntilFebruary.
A.dilemmaB.denyingC.alternativeD.doubt
Ishall____thelossofmyreading-glassesinnewspaperwitharewardforthefinder.
A.advertiseB.informC.announceD.publish
♦利用搭配：
Thecountry’shighestmedalwas____uponhimforheroism.
A.earnedB.bestowedC.creditedD.granted
Thelocalgovernmentleadersaremakingeveryeffortto____theproblemofpoverty.
A.tackleB.taperC.suppressD.tangle
♦构词法
Thetutortellstheundergraduatesthatonecanacquire____inaforeignlanguagethroughmorepractice.
A.proficiencyB.efficiencyC.efficacyD.frequency
III.常用词组搭配
break
breakawayfrom
Theprisonerbrokeawayfromhisguards.挣脱，逃脱
Thisorganizationwishedtobreakawayfromthecommitteeandformanewone.脱离
Shebrokeawayfromtheothersandopenedupatwosecondlead.（尤指赛跑）甩掉
她甩掉其他参赛者，以两秒领先。
breakdown
Ourcarbrokedownonthehighway.出故障
Negotiationsbetweenthetwosideshavebrokendown.失败了
Herhealthbrokedownunderthepressureofwork.垮掉
Hebrokedownandweptwhenheheardthenews.情不自禁地哭起来
Expenditureontheprojectbreaksdownasfollows:
rawmaterials$5000,wages$4000.划分成部分
breaksth.down
Firefightershadtobreakthedoordowntoreachthepeopletrappedinside.打倒，砸破（某物）
Hetriedeverymeanstobreakdownherdaughter’sreserve,butinvain.驱除，瓦解，消除
breakdownyourexpenditureintobills,foodandother.
Sugarandstarcharebrokendowninthestomach.使分解
breakin强行进入
Burglarsbrokeinwhilewewereaway.
breakinon（interrupt）
Shelongedtobreakinontheirconversationbutdidn’twanttoappearrude.
breakinto
Astheprofessorsteppedonthestage,allstudentsbrokeintoloudapplause.突然开始
Hebrokeintoarunwhenhesawthepolice.撒腿就跑（突然开始快跑）
Ihadtobreakintoa$20topaythebusfare.找开大面值钞票买小额商品
Theyhadtobreakintotheemergencyfoodsuppliesbecauseoftheflood.启用应急用品
Theycompanyishavingdifficultybreakingintonewmarkets.顺利打入，成功参与
breakoff
Thebacksectionoftheplanebrokeoff.折断，脱落
Hebrokeoffinthemiddleofasentence.停顿，中断
Thecountry’sgovernmentthreatenedtobreakoffdiplomaticrelations.断绝外交关系
breakofftheirengagement解除婚约
breakout
（战争等）突然爆发
breakthrough
Thesunbrokethroughatlastintheafternoon.冲破，突破
n.breakthroughamajorbreakthrough重大突破
breakup
Theshipbrokeupontherock.粉碎，破碎
Theirmarriagehasbrokenup=cometoanend
Sentencescanbebrokenupintoclauses.
bring
1.bringabout
WhatbroughtaboutthechangeinyourattitudetowardsEnglishstudy?
=cause
2.bringback
Pleasebringbackalllibrarybooksbytheendoftheweek.归还
Thephotobroughtbackmanypleasantmemories.那些照片给人带来很多美好的回忆。
（使回忆起）
Mostpeopleareagainstbringingaboutthedeathpenalty.恢复，重新使用
3.bringdown
Thescandalmaybringdownthegovernment.打垮，击败
Weaimtobringdownpricesonallourcomputers.降低，减少
使着陆，击落，打落
4.bringforth
treesbringingforthfruit结果实
5.bringin
Expertswerebroughtintoadvisethegovernment.让…参与
Twomenwerebroughtinforquestioning.将某人带到警察局问话
Theywanttobringinabilltolimitarmsexports.=introduceanewbill
Hisfreelanceworkbringshiminabout$20000ayear.挣得
6.bringoff
Itwasadifficulttaskbutwebroughtitoff.=succeedindoingsth.difficult
7.bringup
抚养，养育；
Wewerebroughtuptorespectauthority.
提出；
呕吐
call
1.callfor
Thegovernmentcalledfortheimmediatereleaseofthehostages.（公开要求）释放人质
2.callforth
Hisspeechinpubliccalledforthanangryresponse.引起，产生
3.callin
callinadoctor召来
Carswithseriousfaultshavebeencalledinbythemanufacturers.召回
4.calloff
Thegamewascalledoffbecauseofthebadweathers.=cancel
5.callon/upon
Inowcalluponthechairmantoaddressthemeeting.邀请、恭请
6.callup
Thesmelloftheseacalledupmemoriesofherchildhood.=recall使回忆起
Icalledhisaddressuponthecomputer.调出地址。
（调用储存）
Shecalledupherlastreservesofstrength.使尽最后一点力气。
carry
1.carrysb.backto=recall
Thesmelloftheseacarriedherbacktothechildhood.
2.carryoff
carryoffmostoftheprizes赢得大多数奖项
3.carryout
4.carryover
Attitudeslearnedathomecarryoverintotheplayground.在不同情况下继续存在
becarriedoveruntilSunday.=delay
5.carrysb.through
Hisstrongdeterminationcarriedhimthroughtheordeal.帮助…渡过难关
carrysth.through成功完成，顺利实现
come
1.comeabout
Canyoutellmehowtheaccidentcameabout?
=happen
2.comeacross
Shespokeforalongtimebuthismeaningdidn’treallycomeacross.=tobeunderstood
Shecameacrosswellinjobinterviews.给人以…印象
Shecameacrosssomeoldphotosinadrawer.（偶然）发现，遇见
Ihopedshewouldcomeacrosswithsomemoreinformationaboutthemissingchild.（需要时）提供，给予
3.comealong
Whentherightopportunitycomesalong,youshouldseizeit.到达，出现
YourEnglishhascomealongalotrecentlybecauseofyourdiligence进步，进展
4.comearound/round
Yourmotherhasn’tyetcomeroundfromtheanesthetic.马最后还未苏醒。
（恢复知觉）
5.comeby
Jobsarehardtocomebynow.设法获得
6.comeout
出现；
（花）开；
出版发行；
照片冲洗；
显现
Whenishernewnovelcomingout?
Thefullstorycameoutatthetrial.案情始末在审判时真相大白
7.comeup
Thedaffodilsarejustbeginningtocomeup.破土而出，长出地面
I’mafraidsomethingurgenthascomeup.发生
We’llletyouknowifanyvacanciescomeup.
Thequestionisboundtocomeupatthemeeting.会上一定会讨论这个问题（被提及，被讨论）
comeupwith：
Shecameupwithanewideaforincreasingsales.
comeupto：
Hisperformancedidn’treallycomeuptohisusualhighstandard.达到
comeupagainst：
面对，遭到反对Weexpecttocomeupagainstalotofoppositiontotheplan.我们预料这个计划会遭到很多反对。
die
1.dieaway
Thesoundoftheirlaughterdiedaway.逐渐减弱，逐渐消失
2.dieback（植物）叶凋而不死
3.diedown
Theflamesfinallydieddown.
4.dieoff相继死去
5.dieout灭绝
Thisspecieshasalreadydiedoutbecauseitshabitatisbeingdestroyed.
fall
1.fallapart破裂，告吹Thedealfellapartwhenwefailedtoagreeontheprice.
2.fallaway减小，消失，消散
Hissupportersfellawayashispopularitydeclined.
Themarketfortheirproductsfellawaytoalmostnothing.
3.fallbehind落后
fallbehindwithsth.拖欠Theyhadfallenbehindwiththeirmortgagerepayments.拖欠按揭还款
4.falldownThat’swherethetheoryfallsdown.这就是该理论的不足之处
5.fallon/uponsb.orsth.袭击
Thechildrenfellonthefoodandateitgreedily.孩子们扑向食物，狼吞虎咽地吃。
Thefullcostoftheweddingfellonherparents.由…负担
6.fallout脱落
7.falloverIrushedforthedoorandfelloverthecatinthehallway.在过道被猫绊了一跤（没有被动）
8.fallthrough落空，失败，成为泡影
Ourplanfellthroughbecauseoflackofmoney.
give
1.giveaway
Hegaveawaymostofhismoneytocharity.捐赠
Theprincipalgaveawaytheprizesattheschoolsportsday.颁发
They’vegivenawaytwogoalsalready.白送对手两分（tocarelesslyallowsb.tohaveanadvantage）
Shegaveawaystatesecretstotheenemy.泄露机密
2.givein
让步，投降
givesth.intosb.=handoversth.tosb.呈上，交上
3.giveoff
Theflowersgaveoffafragrantperfume.花儿散发出芳香
4.giveout
Afteramonththeirfoodsuppliesgaveout.用完，耗尽
Herlegsgaveoutandshecollapsed.她腿一软倒了下去=stopworking
Theteachergaveouttheexampapers.分发试卷
Theradiatorgivesoutalotofheat.
5.giveup放弃，投降，不抱希望，戒
giveoneselfupto:
Afteraweekontherunhegavehimselfuptothepolice。
投案自首
giveuponsb.对…不抱希望了
go
1.goabout
Despitethethreatofwar,peoplewentabouttheirbusinessasusual.继续做，忙于某事
HowshouldIgoaboutfindingajob?
着手做
2.goafter
ShelefttheroomintearssoIwentafterher.追赶
UnfortunatelybothmybestfriendandIaregoingafterthesamejob.追求某人，谋求某事
3.goagainst对某人不利（goagainstsb.）
Hewouldnotgoagainsthisparents’wishessohewentabroadforfurtherstudy.违背，不相符
4.goalong继续；
进展发展；
赞同某事
Idon’tgoalongwithherviewsonabortion.
5.goat攻击某人（goatsb.）;
goatsth.拼命干，苦干
Theywentatthejobasiflivesdependedonit.干起活来就像性命攸关似的
6.goby
Thingswillgeteasierastimegoesby.时间流逝
Ifpastexperienceisanythingtogoby,they’llbelate.遵循依照
7.gofor
Theyhaveahighlevelofunemployment—butthesamegoesformanyothercountries.适用于
goforsth.带会，取回；
选择
8.goinfor
She’sgoinginfortheCambridgeFirstCertificate.参加考试/竞赛
Shedoesn’tgoinforteamgames.对…感兴趣
9.gothrough（合同、法律等正式）通过，接受，达成；
仔细审查、研究；
遭受，经历；
用完，耗尽
He’samazinglycheerfulconside
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