大学英语六级考试第3卷真题及答案.docx

大学英语六级考试第3卷真题及答案.docx

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大学英语六级考试第3卷真题及答案

PartIWriting（30minutes）

Directions:

 Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayontheimportanceofmotivationandmethodsinlearning.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.

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PartⅠWriting

TheImportanceofMotivationandMethodsinLearning

Whenitcomestolearning,thereisafamousChinesesayingwhichgoes"Learningwithoutthinkingleadstoconfusion;thinkingwithoutlearningendsindanger."Evidently,itismeanttotellusthatlearningmethodsareasimportantashardwork.Itotallyagreewithit.Besides,Iinsistthatinadditiontodiligenceandmethods,motivationinlearningshouldalsobepaidattentionto.

Asforme,motivationisanindispensablepartoflearning,becausewithoutmotivation,youwon'tstarttolearnatall.Evenifyouhavestartedstudying,withoutmotivationthatdrivesyoutokeepgoing,youmayeasilygiveupwhenfacedwithdifficulties.

Withmotivation,wealsoneedtherightwaytolearn.Inthelearningprocess,hardworkisnotenough.Ifwedon'tattachimportancetolearningmethods,wemayfallintothedilemmaofstudyingmechanically.Instead,witheffectivelearningmethods,therewillbetwicetheresultwithhalftheeffort.

Inbrief,motivationandmethodsarecriticaltosuccessfullearning.Therefore,onlywhenweareclearlyawareofthis,canweachievegoodlearningresultsbymakingefforts.

PartIIListeningComprehension（30minutes）

说明：

由于2019年6月六级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套真题听力与前2套内容相同，只是选项顺序不同，因此在本套真题中再也不重复显现。

PartIIIReadingComprehension（40minutes）

SectionA

Directions:

 Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Steel（钢铁）isvaluedforitsreliability靠得住性,butnotwhenitgetscold.Mostformsofsteel_A_26_abruptly突然地、硬生生的_becomebrittle（脆的）attemperaturesbelowabout-25℃unlesstheyaremixedwithothermetals.Now,though,anoveltypeofsteelhasbeendevelopedthatresists对抗、抗击_J_27_fractures破碎、碎裂_atmuchlowertemperatures,whileretaining保留、留住itsstrengthandtoughness韧性、韧度—withouttheneedforexpensive_B_28_additives（添加剂）_.

Steel'sfragilityatlowtemperaturesfirstbecameamajorconcernduringtheSecondWorldWar.AfterGermanU-boatstorpedoed（用鱼雷解决）numerousBritishships,a2,700-strongfleetofcheap-and-cheerful"Libertyships"wasintroducedtoreplacethelostvessels,providingalifelineforthe_E_29_besieged（被包围）_British.Butthesteelshellsofhundredsoftheships_I_30_cracked（破裂）_intheicynorthAtlantic,and12brokeinhalfandsank.

Brittleness（脆弱、脆性）remainsaproblemwhenbuildingsteelstructuresincoldconditions,suchasoilrigsintheArctic.Soscientistshave_N_31_strived（尽力、奋斗）_tofindasolutionbymixingitwithexpensivemetals（金属、五金）suchasnickel（镍）.

YuujiKimuraandcolleaguesinJapantriedamorephysical（物理的、物质的、符合自然法则的）_C_32_approach（方式）_.Ratherthanaddingothermetals,theydevelopedacomplexmechanical（机械、力学）processinvolvingrepeatedheating（加热、采暖）andverysevere（严峻、严厉、严格）mechanicaldeformation（变形）,knownastempforming.

Theresultingsteelappearstoachieveacombinationofstrength（强度）andtoughness（韧性）thatis_G_33_comparable（想当、可比）_tothatofmodemsteelsthatareveryrichinalloy（合金）content（内容、含量、目录）and,therefore,veryexpensive.

Kimura'steamintends（打算）touseitstempformedsteeltomakeultra-high（超高）strengthparts,suchasbolts（螺栓、铆钉）.Theyhopetoreduceboththenumberof_H_34_components（组建、部件）_neededinaconstructionjobandtheirweight—by（按……计算）replacingsolid（实心的、实体的）supportswith_K_35_hollow（空心的）_tubes（管）,forexample.Thiscouldreducetheamountofsteelneededtomakeeverythingfromautomobiles（发动机）tobuildingsandbridges（桥梁）.

A）abruptly

B）additives

C）approach

D）ardently

E）besieged

F）channel

G）comparable

H）components

I）cracked

J）fractures

K）hollow

L）relevant

M）reshuffled

N）strived

O）violent

SectionB

Directions:

 Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

Thefutureofpersonalsatellite（卫星）technologyishere—arewereadyforit?

A）Satellitesusedtobetheexclusiveplaythingsofrichgovernmentsandwealthycorporations.Butincreasingly,asspacebecomesmoredemocratized,theyarecomingwithinreachofordinarypeople.Justlikedrones（无人机）beforethem,miniaturesatellitesarebeginningtofundamentallytransformourconceptionsofwhogetstodowhatupaboveourheads.

B）AsarecentreportfromtheNationalAcademyofScienceshighlights,thesesatellitesholdtremendouspotentialformakingsatellite-basedsciencemoreaccessiblethaneverbefore.However,asthecostofgettingyourownsatelliteinorbitdropssharply,therisksofirresponsibleusegrow.Thequestionhereisnolonger"Canwe?

"but"Shouldwe?

"Whatarethepotentialdownsidesofhavingasliceofspacedenselypopulatedbyequipmentbuiltbypeoplenottraditionallylabeledas"professionals"?

Andwhatwouldtheresponsibleandbeneficialdevelopmentanduseofthistechnologyactuallylooklike?

Someoftheanswersmaycomefromanonprofitorganizationthathasbeenbuildingandlaunchingamateursatellitesfornearly50years.

C）Havingyourpersonalsatellitelaunchedintoorbitmightsoundlikeanideastraightoutofsciencefiction.Butoverthepastfewdecadesauniqueclassofsatelliteshasbeencreatedthatfitsthebill:

CubeSats.The"Cube"heresimplyreferstothesatellite'sshape.ThemostcommonCubeSatisa10cmcube,sosmallthatasingleCubeSatcouldeasilybemistakenforapaperweightonyourdesk.Thesemini-satellitescanfitinalaunchvehicle'sformerly"wastedspace."MultiplescanbedeployedincombinationformorecomplexmissionsthancouldbeachievedbyoneCubeSatalone.

D）Withintheircompactbodiestheseminutesatellitesareabletohousesensorsandcommunicationsreceivers/transmittersthatenableoperatorstostudyEarthfromspace,aswellasspacearoundEarth.They'reprimarilydesignedforLowEarthOrbit（LEO）—aneasilyaccessibleregionofspacefromaround200to800milesaboveEarth,wherehuman-tendedmissionsliketheHubbleSpaceTelescopeandtheInternationalSpaceStation（ISS）hangout.Buttheycanattainmoredistantorbits;NASAplansformostofitsfutureEarth-escapingpayloads（tothemoonandMarsespecially）tocarryCubeSats.

E）Becausethey'resosmallandlight,itcostsmuchlesstogetaCubSatintoEarth'sorbitthanatraditionalcommunicationsorGPSsatellite.Forinstance,aresearchgrouphereatArizonaStateUniversityrecentlyclaimedtheirdevelopmentalsmallCubeSatscouldcostaslittleas$3,000toputinorbit.Thisdecreaseincostallowsresearchers,hobbyistsandevenelementaryschoolgroupstoputsimpleinstrumentsintoLEOorevenhavingthemdeployedfromtheISS.

F）ThefirstCubeSatwascreatedintheearly2000s,asawayofenablingStanfordgraduatestudentstodesign,build,testandoperateaspacecraftwithsimilarcapabilitiestotheUSSR'sSputnik（前苏联的人造卫星）.Sincethen,NASA,theNationalReconnaissanceOfficeandevenBoeinghavealllaunchedandoperatedCubeSats.Therearemorethan130currentlyinoperation.TheNASAEducationalLaunchofNanoSatelliteprogram,whichoffersfreelaunchesforeducationalgroupsandsciencemissions,isnowopentoU.S.nonprofitcorporationsaswell.Clearly,satellitesarenotjustforrocketscientistsanymore.

G）TheNationalAcademyofSciencesreportemphasizesCubeSats'importanceinscientificdiscoveryandthetrainingoffuturespacescientistsandengineers.YetitalsoacknowledgesthatwidespreaddeploymentofLEOCubeSatsisn'trisk-free.Thegreatestconcerntheauthorsraiseisspacedebris—piecesof"junk"thatorbittheearth,withthepotentialtocauseseriousdamageiftheycollidewithoperationalunits,includingtheISS.

H）Currently,therearen'tmanyCubeSatsandthey'retrackedclosely.YetasLEOopensuptomoreamateursatellites,theymayposeanincreasingthreat.Asthereportauthorspointout,evennear-missesmightleadtothe"creationofaburdensomeregulatoryframeworkandaffectthefuturedispositionofscienceCubeSats."

I）CubeSatresearcherssuggestthatnow'sthetimetoponderunexpectedandunintendedpossibleconsequencesofmorepeoplethaneverhavingaccesstotheirownsmallsliceofspace.InanerawhenyoucansimplybuyaCubeSatkitofftheshelf,howcanwetrustthesatellitesoverourheadsweredevelopedwithgoodintentionsbypeoplewhoknewwhattheyweredoing?

Some"expertamateurs"inthesatellitegamecouldprovidesomeinspirationforhowtoproceedresponsibly.

J）InRadioAmateurSatelliteCorporation（AMSAT）wascreatedinordertofosterhamradioenthusiasts'（业余无线电爱好者）participationinspaceresearchandcommunication.Itcontinuedtheefforts,begunin1961,byProjectOSCAR—aU.S.-basedgroupthatbuiltandlaunchedtheveryfirstnongovernmentalsatellitejustfouryearsafterSputnik