初中过去完成时讲解文档格式.docx
《初中过去完成时讲解文档格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《初中过去完成时讲解文档格式.docx(11页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
said
he
worked
in
that
factory
since
1949.
他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。
(3)叙述过去发生的事情,在已叙述了过去发生的事情后,反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时,常使用过去完成时。
Mr.
Smith
died
yesterday.
good
friend
of
mine.
史密斯先生昨天去世了。
他以前是我的好友。
didn’t
know
thing
about
verbs,
studied
my
lesson.
我对动词一无所知,因为我没有好好学习功课。
(4)在含有定语从句的主从复合句中,如果叙述的是过去的事,先发生的动作常用过去完成时。
returned
book
borrowed.
我已归还了我借的书。
She
found
key
she
lost.
她丢失的钥匙找到了。
(5)过去完成时常常用在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的
有:
(
1
)
by
+
过去的时间点。
如:
finished
reading
novel
o'
clock
night.
2
end
We
learned
over
two
thousand
English
words
term.
3
before
They
planted
six
hundred
trees
Wednesday.
2.
由“过去的过去”来判定。
过去完成时表示“过去的过去”,是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作,即动作有先后关系,动作在前的用过去完成时,在后的用一般过去时。
这种用法常出现在:
)宾语从句中
当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时,且从句的动作先于主句的动作时,从句要用过去完成时。
在told,
said,
knew,
heard,
thought等动词后的宾语从句。
seen
film
before.
)状语从句中
在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中,主、从句的动作发生有先后关系,动作在前的,要用过去完成时,动作在后的要用一般过去时。
When
to
station,
train
already
left.
After
his
homework,
went
bed.
注意:
before,
after
引导的时间状语从句中,由于
和
本身已表达了动作的先后关系,若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连,则主、从句都用一般过去时。
Where
did
you
study
came
here?
closed
door,
left
classroom.
)表示意向的动词,如hope,
wish,
expect,
think,
intend,
mean,
suppose等,用过去完成时表示"
原本…,未能…"
hoped
would
come,
but
didn'
t.
3.
根据上、下文来判定。
met
Wang
Tao
street
hadn'
t
each
other
Beijing.
过去完成时的主要用法
1.
过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束,即发生在“过去的过去”。
woke
up,
it
stopped
raining.
我醒来时,雨已经停了。
(主句的动作发生在“过去的过去”)
过去完成时是一个相对的时态,表示的是“过去的过去”,只有和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较时才使用它。
told
me
written
new
book.
(had
发生在
之前
过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状语连用,它不能离开过去时间而独立存在。
此时多与
,
yet
still
just
never
等时间副词及
until
等引导的短语或从句连用。
Before
China,
Grace
taught
middle
school
five
years.
Peter
collected
more
than
300
Chinese
stamps
was
ten.
4.
过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始,一直延续到这一过去时间,而且动作尚未结束,仍然有继续下去的可能。
year,
twenty
已有了
年,还有继续进行下去的可能)
5.
过去完成时还可用在hardly…when…,
no
sooner…than…(刚……就……),
It
first
(second,
etc)
(that)…等固定句型中。
e.g:
Hardly
begun
speak
audience
interrupted
him.
他刚开始演讲,听众就打断了他。
No
sooner
arrived
away
again.
他刚到就又走了。
third
out
work
year.
这是他那一年第三次失业了
四、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别
现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去,但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响,与现在有关,其结构为“助动词
have
(has)
过去分词”;
过去完成时则是一个相对的时态,它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去,更强调“过去的过去”,只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时,才用到它。
试比较:
1000
so
far.
到目前为止我已经学会了
个英语单词。
till
then.
到那时为止我已经学会了
—
I'
m
sorry
keep
waiting.
对不起,让你久等了。
Oh,
all.
here
only
few
minutes.
没什么,我只等了几分钟。
(“等”的动作从过去某一时间点持续到现在)
John
home
约翰昨天回到家的。
been?
他去哪儿了?
(答语中使用过去完成时是指约翰在
之前去了哪些地方,即“过去的过去”)
过去完成时专项练习
1.He
asked
_____
during
summer
holidays.
A.
where
B.
gone
C.
D.
What
____
Jane
sever?
did,
do
has,
done
C
did.
had,
______
900
ten。
learning
learnt
______lived
several
lot
great
deal
parents
reached
yesterday,
dinner
already.
A
cooked
6.
__________
principle
.has
saw
will
see
7.
her
family
_______
themselves
army
war.
has
hidden,
with
with
8.
ten
years
old,
_________.
completed
university
an
9.
number
books
10.
play
11
old.
learned,
piano
learns
piano.
11.
Annie
ten?
12
.He
___
three
joined
Army.
works
13.
week,
they
bridge.
complete
14.
Ben
hates
playing
violin,
likes
football.
a…the
the…
/
…the
the…/
15.
4,
German
words.
16
.Jim
turned
off
lights
and
then
17.They
_________
Guangzhou
2000.
lived
were
livin
18.
The
Beijing_______
ago.
arriving
19.
students
their
classroom
visitors
arrived.
cleaned
20.
Fergie_______
project
one
hour.
finish
finishes
21.
man
________
coat
out.
put
on
putting
22
My
mother______
age
23.
Dad
while
TV.
.fell
asleep…watch
falling
asleep…watched
fell
asleep……was
watching
fallen
一.用动词的适当形式填空
_____________
(paint)
house
______________
(move)
in.
That
rich
old
(make)
(die).
(study)
map
country
(leave)
robbers
(run
policemen_______
(arrive).
(turn
off)
all
____________
(go)
Paul
phone
call.
Tom
(say)
___________
(read)
twice.
Our
plan
(fail
because
bad
mistake.
chairman
(finish)
speaking,
(leave)the
hall.
10.The
Reads
(have)
lunch
____________(get)
house.
11.When
______________(arrive)
____________________(leave)12.We
_______________(learn)
4000
waited
_______________(finish)
homework.
surprised
what
________already
______(do)
15.She
____________(not
go)
Qingdao
________________
(be)
there
before.
16.
______________(not
tell)
news
yet.
17.
_____________already_________(give)
teacher.
______________(be)
Shanghai
_________________(be)
Sanya
times.
20.She
_____________(play)
guitar
sister_______________(sing).
1.I
sold
ticket
came.(改否定句)
2.She
sung
song
us
danced.
(改否定句)
3.They
began
climb
mountain
bought
food
drinks.(否定)
4.By
10:
00
a.m,
very
hungry.
(改一般疑问)
5.Lucy
arrived.
6.By
airport,
plane
taken
off.
7..He
broken
arm
him.(对划线部分提问)
8.When
read
note,
ate
it.
(对划线部分提问)