英语四级真题及答案详细解析绝对完整版Word下载.docx

英语四级真题及答案详细解析绝对完整版Word下载.docx

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Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

NothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWill

注意：

此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Ⅱ 

ReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning） 

（15minutes）

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionson 

AnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.Forquestions8-10,completethesentencewiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

WhyIntegrityMatters

WhatIsIntegrity?

Thekeytointegrityisconsistency-notonlysettinghighpersonalstandardsforoneself（honesty,responsibility,respectforothers,fairness）butalsolivinguptothosestandardseachandeveryday.Onewhohasintegrityisboundbyandfollowsmoralandethical（道德上的）standardsevenwhenmakinglife'

shardchoices,choiceswhichmaybecloudedbystress,pressuretosucceed,ortemptation.

Whathappensifwelie,cheat,steal,orviolateotherethicalstandards?

Wefeeldisappointedinourselvesandashamed.Butalapse（缺失）ofintegrityalsoaffectsourrelationshipswithothers.Trustisessentialinanyimportantrelationship,whetherpersonalorprofessional.Whocantrustsomeonewhoisdishonestorunfair?

Thusintegritymustbeoneofourmostimportantgoals.

RiskyBusiness

Weareeachresponsibleforourowndecisions,evenifthedecision,makingprocesshasbeenunderminedbystressorpeerpressure.Therealtestofcharacteriswhetherwecanlearnfromourmistake,byunderstandingwhyweactedaswedidandthenexploringwaystoavoidsimilarproblemsinthefuture.

Makingethicaldecisionsisacriticalpartofavoidingfutureproblems.Wemustlearntorecognizerisks,becauseifwecan'

tseetheriskswe'

retaking,wecan'

tmakeresponsiblechoices.Toidentifyrisks,weneedtoknowtherulesandbeawareofthefacts.Forexample,onewhodoesn'

tknowtherulesaaboutplagiarism（剽窃）mayaccidentallyusewordsorideaswithoutgivingpropercreditoronewhofailstokeepcarefulresearchnotesmayunintentionallyfailtoquoteandcitesourcesasrequired.Butthefactthatsuchaviolationis"

unintentional"

doesnotexcusethemisconduct,Ignoranceisnotadefense.

"

ButEverybodyDoesIt"

Mostpeoplewhogetintroubledoknowtherulesandfactsbutmanagetofoolthemselvesabouttherisksthey'

retakingbyusingexcuses:

"

Everyoneelsedoesit."

I'

mnothurtinganyone"

or"

Ireallyneedthisgrade."

Excusescangetveryelaborate:

IknowI'

mlookatanother'

sexam,eventhoughI'

msupposedtokeepmyeyesonmyownpaper,butthat'

snotcheatingbecauseI’mjustcheckingmyanswers,notcopying."

Wemustbehonestaboutouractionsandavoidexcuses,ifwefoolourselvesintobelievingwe'

renotdoinganythingwrong,wecan'

tseetherealchoicewe'

remaking-andthatleadstobaddecisions.

Toavoidfoolingyourself,watchoutforexcusesandtrythistest:

Askhowyouwouldfeelifyouractionswerepublicandanyonecouldbewatchingoveryourshoulder.Ifyou'

dratherhideyouractions,that'

sanindicationthatyou'

retakingariskandrationalizingittoyourself.

EvaluatingRisks

Todecidewhetherariskisworthtaking,youmustexaminetheconsequences,inthefutureaswellasrightnow,negativeaswellaspositive,andtoothersaswellastoyourself.Thosewhotakeriskstheylaterregretusuallyfocusonimmolatebenefitsandsimplyhaven'

tconsideredwhatmightgowrong.Theconsequencesofgettingcaughtareseriousandmayincludea"

O"

onatestorassignment,an"

F"

intheclass,suspension（暂令停学）ordismissalfromschoolandaruinedreputation.Infact,whenyoubreakaroleorlaw,youlosecontroloveryourlifeandgiveothersthepowertoimposepunishmentthatyouhavenocontrolover.Thisisanextremelyvulnerable（脆弱的）position.Theremaybesomemattersoflifeanddeathorhighestprinciple,whichmightjustifysucharisk,buttherearen'

tmanythingsthatfallinthiscategory.

GettingAwaywithit-OrNot

Thosewhodon'

tgetcaughtpayanevenhigherprice.Acheaterdoesn'

tlearnfromthetest,whichdeprives（剥夺）himherofaneducation.Cheatingunderminesconfidenceandindependence:

thecheaterisafraud,andknowsthatwithoutdishonesty,he/shewouldhavefailed.Cheatingdestroysself-respectandintegrity,leavingthecheaterashamed,guiltyandafraidofgettingcaught.

Worstofall,acheaterwhodoesn'

tgetcaughtthefirsttimeusuallycheatsagain,notonlybecausehe/sheisfartherbehind,butalsobecauseitseems"

easier."

Thisslipperyslopeoferodingethicsandbiggerrisksleadsonlytodisaster.Eventually,thecheatergetscaught,andthelaterhe/shegetscaught,theworsetheconsequences.

CheatingHurtsOther,Too

Cheatersoftenfeelinvisible,asiftheiractions"

don'

tcount"

anddon'

treallyhurtanyone.Butindividualchoiceshaveanintensecumulative（累积的）effect.Cheatingcanspreadlikeadisease.Recentstatisticssuggest30％ormoreofcollegestudentscheat.Ifaclassisgradedonacurve,cheatinghurtsothers'

grades.Evenifthereisnocurve,cheating"

poisons"

theclassroom,andothersmayfeelpressuredtojoinin.（"

IfIdon'

tcheatIcan'

tcompetewiththosewhodo"

）Cheatingalsohasadestructiveimpactonteachers.Therealrewardofgoofteachingisseeingstudentslearn.Butacheatersays."

mnotinterestedinwhatyou'

retryingtoteach,allIcareaboutisstealingagrade,regardlessoftheeffectonothers."

Theendresultisadestructiveattackonthequalityofyoureducation.Finally,cheatingcanhurtthereputationoftheuniversityandharmthosewhoworkedhardfortheirdegree.

WhyIntegrityMarten

Ifcheatingbecomesthenorm,thenweareinbigtrouble.Wemustrelyonthehonestyandgoodfaithofothers,ifnot,wecouldn'

tputmoneyinthebank,buyfood,clothing,ormedicinefromothers,driveacrossabridge,getonaplane,gotothedentist--thelistisendless.Therearemanyexamplesofthevastharmthatiscausedwhenindividualsforgetorignoretheeffecttheirdishonestycanhave.Thesavingsandloanscandal,thestockmarketandjunkbondswindles,and,ofcourse,Watergate,haveunderminedthefaithofmanyAmericansintheintegrityofpoliticalandeconomicleadersandsocietyasawhole.Suchincidentstakeatremendoustollonournation'

seconomyandourindividualwell-being.Forexample,butforthesavingsandloandebacle,theremightbefundsavailabletoreducethenationaldebtandpayforeducation.

Insum,weallhaveacommonstakeinourschool,ourcommunity,andoursociety.Ouractionsdomatter.Itisessentialthatweactwithintegrityinordertobuildthekindofworldinwhichwewanttolive.

此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1.Apersonofintegritynotonlysetshighmoralandethicalstandardsbutalso_______.

A）stickstothemintheirdailylifeB）makesthemknowntoothers

C）understandstheirtruevaluesD）seesthatothersalsofollowthem

2.Whatroledoesintegrityplayinpersonalandprofessionalrelationships?

A）IthelpstocreateteamspiritB）Itfacilitatescommunication

C）ItisthebasisofmutualtrustD）Itinspiresmutualrespect

3.whymustwelearntoidentifytheriskswearegoingtotake？

A.Toensurewemakeresponsiblechoices.B.Toavoidbeingoverwhelmedbystress.

C.Sothatwedon’tbreakanyrules.D.Sothatwedon’trunintotrouble.

4.Violationofaruleismisconductevenif_______?

A.ithascausednoharm.B.itisclaimedtobeunintentional.

C.ithasgoneunnoticed.D.itiscommittedwithgoodintentions.

5.Whatshouldonedoifhedoesn’twishtofoolhimself?

A.Avoidmakingexcuses.B.Listentootherpeople’sadvice.

C.Makehisintensionspublic.D.Haveotherswatchoverhisshoulder.

6.Thosewhotakeriskstheyregretlateron_______.

A.willoftenbecomemorecautiousB.areusuallyveryaggressive

C.valueimmediatebenefitsmost.D.mayloseeverythingintheend

7.Accordingtotheauthor,acheaterwhodoesn’tgetcaughtrightawaywill_______.

A）paymoredearlyB）becomemoreconfident

C）bewidelyadmiredD）feelsomewhatlucky

8.Cheatersatexamdon’tcareabouttheireducation,alltheycareaboutishowto__________.

9.Integritymattersinthatallsocialactivitiesrelyon___________.

10.ManyAmericanslostfaithintheintegrityoftheirpoliticalleadersasaresultof__________.

PartIII 

ListeningComprehension 

（35minutes）

SectionA

Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteron 

AnswerSheet2 

withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

11.A）Readthenoticeonthewindow.

B）Goandaskthestaff.

C）Getanewbusschedule.

D）BoardthebustoCleveland.

12.A）Hewaslookingforwardtoseeingthegiraffes.

B）Heenjoyedwatchingtheanimalperformance.

C）HegothometoolatetoseetheTVspecial.

D）HefellasleepinthemiddleoftheTVprogram.

13.A）She