英语四级作文对句子的要求.docx

英语四级作文对句子的要求.docx

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英语四级作文对句子的要求

写作中对句子的要求

在英语写作中，除了词汇的运用要求，句子处理也起着决定性作用。

句子可长可短，同一件事，可以用不同的句式表达。

如果句子清一色是简单句，文章必定很单调乏味。

如果全篇充满了冗长的复杂句，读起来也很费力。

　　最好的方法是以简单句为基础，配合适当的并列句和复杂句。

简单句可长可短，通常要加些附属成分，如分词短语、介词短语、副词短语、不定式动词短语，以及节缩成分。

总之，可根据情况，使句子多样化，使文章灵活多姿。

例如下列五个句子的基本概念一样，但是句式不同，内容重点也有些差别：

1）Thegoatsgrazedpeacefullyinthefarmandwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.（并列分句）

2）Grazingpeacefully,thegoatsinthefarmwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.（现在分语短语+简单句）

3）Inthefarm,thegoatsgrazedpeacefullyandwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.（副词短语+并列分句）

4）Thereweregoatsgrazingpeacefullyinthefarm,unawareoftheapproachinghunter.（简单句+形容语短语）

5）Asthegoatsgrazedpeacefullyinthefarm,theywereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.（原因副词从句+主句）

“Words”inWriting

一、善用高级词汇。

（汉语是意合语，英语是形合语。

写作源于生活，高于生活所以，在写作中，看到一个单词，一定要能看到一个世界，选择最美妙的词，以体现我们的水平与层次…）。

如：

“认为”:

think,assume,suppose,believe,imagine,reckon,feel,consider,sense,reflect,deem…

“好”:

good,fine,excellent,superior,outstanding,tremendous,marvelous,…

“美好的前程”:

beautifulfuture→promisingfuture,…

“重要”:

important,significant,vital,crucial,imperative,essential,…

“必要”:

necessary,basic,indispensable,compulsory\voluntory,fundamental,crucial,…

“很多”:

many,alotof,numerous,abundant,agoodnumberof,hordesof,…

“越来多”:

moreandmore,agrowingnumberof,anincreasingnumberof,…

“深思”:

thinking,thought-provoking

“处理”:

dealwith,copewith,handle,tackle,…

其实我们熟悉的“许多、大量”有很多的表达法:

thetremendousamountofpractice,agreatdealofwisdom,amultitudeofthings,thevaststoreofknowledge,theoverwhelmingmajorityofthepublic,alargenumberofpeople,thebulkofthelanguageacquisition,anincreasingnumberof,agrowingnumberof，agoodmany，plentyof,“喜欢”:

like,befondof,bedevotedto,bekeenon,bepartialto,beattachedto,adore,…

只能与复数可数名词搭配的很多：

a（great）numberof,a\increasing\growingnumberof,amultitudeof,scoresof,the（overwhelming巨大的）majorityof,agood\greatmany

只能与不可数名词搭配的很多：

Alargeamountof,agreatdealof,

能与两者搭配的很多：

Lotsof,alotof,plentyof,thevaststoreof,thebulk大块of=most大部分注意：

manya\morethanone+单数可数名词,

也是很多的意思，但是用单数谓语。

AWholecomposition120字

Beginning（30%36字）

Body（45%54字）方面1方面2（要求已写好）

Ending（25%30字）

2010年12月英语四级作文题目

Directions：

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledHowShouldParentsHelpChildrentoBeIndependent?

Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

　1.目前不少父母为孩子包办一切

　2.为了让孩子独立,父母应该……

　HowShouldParentsHelpChildrentoBeIndependent?

Howtowritethebeginningofanessay.

①描述现状——Present/backgroundsituation

②解释性的段落——Explanation/Definition

③描述图表——describethepictures/thescene

④引述名人名言——Quotations

⑤罗列数据——Figures/statistics

⑥修辞疑问——photonicQuestions

⑦类比——Analogy

⑧轶闻趣事——Incident/Anecdote

我们今天就以电脑来写开头段落

1）ByBackgroundInformation描述现状

In1940s，inordertorestoreandprocessallthedatainmilitaryservice.AmericanArmy/navyadoptedalarge/room-sidedcalculationmachine.Fromthenoncomputersciencedevelopsquickly,Nowitisafactthatcomputerplays…

2）ByDefinition解释性的段落

Peopleintheworldnowcansharealltheinformationandkeepintouchwitheachotheratalmostnocostthroughanetworklinkedbycable,phonelineonradiowaveswhichiscalledInternet.Itisa…

3）ByDescription描述图表

InFebruary20.2005whenIwasapplyingforanewjobinalargecompanyIwastoldtostayathometowaitformyinterviewthroughinternet.Itisafact…

4）ByQuotations引述名人名言

Oneofthegreatmenoncesaidthat“computertechnologyandhandlingskillshouldbetaughttochildrenthroughouttheirwholelives.Itisafactthatcomputerplaysanevergrowingimportantroleinourlife”5）Bystatistics罗列数据

Nowadays\Atpresent\Recently,itisestimatedthatthereare90millioncomputerusersinchina.Andeachyeartherearemuchmorepeoplejoiningthispopulation.ItisafactthatInternetplaysanevergrowingimportantroleinoursociety…

6）ByAskingQuestions修辞疑问

Haveyoueverbeensendingorreceivinganemail？

Haveyouevenbeentoachartroomtotalkwithanonymousstranger？

DoyouoftensurfonInternettosearchforinformationyouneed？

Itisafact…

7）ByAnalogy类比

Thecyberspaceisjustlikealargecommunity.Youcanshopthere,makefriendsthereandentertainthere.Itisafactthat…

8）Byanincident/anAnecdote轶闻趣事

Ihaveapetdogwhoseemsunhappyandlonelyrecently.SoItrytofindamateforhim.AfewdaysagoIputamessageonBBS（电子布告栏系统）andsoonIgotagoodnewsthatsomeonehasanappropriateshe—dogwhoalsoneedsamate.Itisafactthat…

HowShouldParentsHelpChildrentoBeIndependent?

开头段

Itisestimatedthattherearealargenumberofchildrenlackofindependencebytheoverprotectiveparents.Andeachyeartherearemuchmore\moreandmorepeoplejoiningthispopulation\group.Itisafactthathowtobeindependentplaysanevergrowingimportantroleinoursociety.

1、PatternsforBeginningParagraphWriting

1）Facedwith…,quiteafewpeoplearguethat…；Butotherpeopleconceivedifferently.

2）Thereisageneraldiscussiontodayabouttheissueof…Thosewhoobjectto…arguethat…；Theybelievethat…；Butpeoplewhofavor…ontheotherhand，arguethat…

3）Inrecentyears,thephenomenon/issues/problemsof…hasbeenbroughttopublicattention/inthelimelight.

4）Currentlythereisawidespreadconcernthat…

5）Nowpeopleingrowingnumberarecomingtorealizethat

6）Nowitiscommonlyheldthat…；theythink…；butIdoubtwhether…

7）Recentlytheissueof…hasbeenbroughttopublicattention

8）Oneofthegreatmanoncesaidthat…Nowmoreandmorepeoplesharethisbelief

9）AnEnglishproverbsays…

10）Nearlyeverycivilizationhasitsownequivalenttobeproverb

11Untilrecently,…hasbeenregardedas…Butpeoplearetakingafreshlookatit.

12Untilrecently,…hasbeenregardedas…Butpeople

13）Somebodyargues/maintains/holds/insists/believethat…

14）Anincreasingnumberofpeoplearerealizing/havecometorealize15）Thereisnodenying/doubtthat…

Whentheheated\fierce\ongoing\populardispute\discussion\debatephenomenon/issue/problemover\on\concerning\involving\aboutindependencecomesintothespotlightofthepublic,somepeoplewhoobjecttoitpointout\deem\maintain\assert\believe\think\claim\argue\supposethatifthechildrenlackincontrolling,itiseasyforthemtogoastray.While\Meanwhileothersinsist\hold\assumethatindependenceplaysanevergrowingimportantroleinoursociety.Asforme\Inmyopinion\Asmypointofview,weighinguptheprosandcons,thelatter/formercanholdwaterundermostcircumstances.

2、WaysofEndingParagraphWriting

1）重申主题：

Restatement

2）总结概括：

summarize

3）建议措施：

Suggestions

4）预测未来：

Tendency

5）呼应：

AnswertheQuestion

3、PatternsforEndingParagraphWriting

1）Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove/Takingintoamountallthesefactors,wemaysafelyarriveat/draw/cometo/reachtheconclusionthat…

2）Itishightimethatweputconsiderable/great/specialemphasison…

3）Wemustlookforanimmediatemethod,becausethepresentsituationof…,ifpermittedtocontinue,willsurelyleadto/resultin…

4）Manysolutions/methodsarebeingofferedhere,allofthemmakesomesense,butnoneisquitesatisfactory.Theproblemshouldbeexaminedinanewway.

5）Thereisnoimmediatesolutiontotheproblemof…,but…mightbehelpful/beneficial.

6）Noeasymethodcanbeathandtosolvetheproblemof…butthegeneralawarenessofthenecessity/importanceof…mightbethefirststepontherightway.

7）Thereislittledoubt/denyingthat…

8）Itis,therefore,obvious/evidentthatthetackof…,requireimmediateattention.

9）Asfaras…beconcerned,Iagreewiththeopinionthat

10）Inconclusion…

11）Inmyopinion,Iaminfavorof…

12）Personally,Ipreferto…

13）Inshort,…shouldlearnto;onlyinthiswaycanthemostdifficultproblembesolvedproperly.

14）AsfarasIamconcerned,Iagreewiththeopinionthat…

2010.12CET4作文结尾

Noeasymethodcanbeathandtosolvetheproblemofindependencebutthegeneralawarenessofthenecessity/importanceofindependencemightbethefirststepontherightway.

作文总结段落活用词汇

1）consequently=therefore:

Consequently,wecandrawaconclusionthat…

2）view/opinion:

Inmyview,…

3）situation:

Facedwithsuchagrimsituationof...,

4）measure:

Thesubstantialmeasuresmustbetakento…

5）awareness:

toawarepeople’sawarenessof…

6）cope:

Tocopewiththiscomplicatedproblems,…

7）only:

Onlyinthiswaycanwe…

写作绝招二：

（写作的七项基本原则）

一、”一二三“原则

1）first,second,third,last（不推荐，原因：

2）firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally（俗）

3）thefirst…,thelast（俗）

4）inthefirstplace…second…third…lastly（俗）

5）tobeginwith,next,inaddition,finally

6）tostartwith,next,inaddition,finally

7）firstandforemost，besides\more,lastbutnot

8）mostimportantofall,moreover,finally

9）ontheonehand,ontheotherhand（适用于两点的情况）

10）foronething,another

2010.12CET4中间段

1.目前不少父母为孩子包办一切

2.为了让孩子独立,父母应该……

atpresent;atthemoment;now现在

thepresentsituation;theexistingsituation;thecurrentsituation目前形势

uptillthepresentmoment;uptillnow;sofar;todate到目前为止

asmattersstand;asthingsareatthemoment就目前情况看

Firstandforemost,duetoplentyofparentskeepingeverythingintheirownhands,thereareincreasinglysevereshortageofindependenceamongtheyouth.Asaresult,thekidscannotdoanythingbutdependontheirparents.

Furthermore,withoutindependence,wecannotsurviveinthiscompetitivesociety,whichisfullofchallengesandopportunities.Lastbutnotleast,toimprovethewayofchildindependence,itisofgreatusefortheparentstogivetheyounggenerationlibertytoovercomedifficultiesbythemselves.

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