全国通用版高考英语三轮冲刺提分练组合练第11练阅读理解+七选五.docx

全国通用版高考英语三轮冲刺提分练组合练第11练阅读理解+七选五.docx

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全国通用版高考英语三轮冲刺提分练组合练第11练阅读理解+七选五

阅读理解+七选五

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

OnNovember7，LewisPughcompletedaonekilometerswiminthefreezingwatersofKingEdwardCove，offSouthGeorgiainAntarctica.Hewaswearingonlyhisswimmingglasses，capandspeedos!

Pughisanadvocateforouroceansandseas，workingtoprotecttheseecosystemwiththeirlargediversityofmarine（海洋的）life.Whenaskedwhyhedoesn’twearawetsuit，Lewissays，“Iaskworldleaderstodoeverythingtheycantoprotectouroceans.Sometimesthestepstheyneedtotakearedifficultandunpopular.IfI’maskingthemtobecourageous，Imustalsobe.Swimminginawetsuitwouldnotsendtherightmessage.”

IttookPughabout19minutestocompletetheonekilometerswiminAntarcticawherethewateraveragedabout1.6degreesCelsius（摄氏度）．Hesaysthathisbodycanonlytolerateabout20minutesinthefreezingwatersbeforeitstartsshuttingdown.Asheswims，hisbodytemperaturesteadilydrops，whichinturncauseshismuscle（肌肉）controltodrop，slowinghimdown.Whenheisdonewithhisswim，hissupportteamrusheshimtoahotshowerandittakesalmostanhourforhisbodytemperaturetoreturntonormal.

DoctorsandPughcautionthatonemustreceivemonthsoftrainingtoswiminsuchcoldwaters.Evenexpertswimmerswhoareunusedtofreezingwatercandrownwithinminutesbecauseofthephysicalshockexperiencedbythebody.Pughsayshetrainedforsixmonthsbeforethisswim.

ThisisnotthefirsttimethatLewishasswumindangerousconditions.In2007，heswamonekilometerintheNorthPoletodrawattentiontothemeltingArcticiceduetoclimatechange.In2015，heswamintheBayofWhalesinAntarctica’sRossSeaaspartofhissuccessfulcampaigntohelpsetupamarinereservethere.

1．WhydidLewisPughswimwithoutawetsuit?

A．Toswimfaster.

B．Toshowhisbravery.

C．Tobuilduphisbody.

D．Towinpublicattention.

2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?

A．Hisbody.

B．Thewater.

C．Hisbodytemperature.

D．Thewatertemperature.

3．What’sPugh’sadviceaboutswimminginfreezingwaters?

A．Onemustbefullyprepared.

B．Oneshouldbeexpertatswimming.

C．Oneshouldbereadytotakeonchallenges.

D．Onemustbeusedtolongdistanceswimming.

4．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?

A．LewisPugh：

SwimmingforaCause

B．HowtoSurviveaSwiminColdWaters

C．HowtoPrepareforExtremeSwimming

D．LewisPugh：

AchievingtheImpossible

B

PeopletypicallywashtheirhandsseveraltimesadayintheUnitedStates，buttheydoitatafarhighertemperaturethanisnecessarytokillgerms，anewstudysays.Theenergywasteisequivalenttothefueluseofasmallcountry.

AmandaR．Carrico，aresearchassistantprofessorattheVanderbiltInstituteforEnergyandEnvironmentinTennessee，toldNationalGeographicthathandwashingisoften“acasewherepeopleactinwaysthattheythinkareintheirbestinterest，buttheyinfacthaveinaccuratebeliefsoroutdatedperceptions.”

Carricosaid，“It’scertainlytruethatheatkillsbacteria，butifyouweregoingtousehotwatertokillthemitwouldhavetobeawaytoohotforyoutotolerate.”

Carricosaidthatafterareviewofthescientificliterature，herteamfound“noevidencethatusinghotwaterthatapersoncouldstandwouldhaveanybenefitinkillingbacteria.”Evenwaterascoldas40°F（4.4°C）appearedtoreducebacteriaaswellashotterwater，ifhandswerescrubbed，rinsed（冲洗）anddriedproperly.

Usinghotwatertowashhandsisthereforeunnecessary，aswellaswasteful，Carricosaid，particularlywhenitcomestotheenvironment.Accordingtoherresearch，peopleusewarmorhotwater64percentofthetimewhentheywashtheirhands.Usingthatnumber，Carrico’steamcalculatedasignificantimpactontheplanet.

“Althoughthechoiceofwatertemperatureduringasinglehandwashmayappearunimportant，whenmultipliedbythenearly800billionhandwashesperformedbyAmericanseachyear，thispracticeresultsinmorethan6millionmetrictonsofCO2equivalentemissionsannually，”shesaid.

TheresearcherspublishedtheirresultsintheJuly2013issueofInternationalJournalofConsumerStudies.Theyrecommendedwashingwithwaterthatisata“comfortable”temperature，whichtheynotedmaybewarmerincoldmonthsandcoolerinhotones.

5．What’sthemeaningofwhatCarricotoldNationalGeographicinthesecondparagraph?

A．Peoplearemoreconcernedabouttheirhealthandbegintowashtheirhands.

B．It’simportantforpeopletowashtheirhandstokeephealthy.

C．Generally，people’shandwashingbehaviorsandperceptionsarenotcorrect.

D．Peoplelikewashingtheirhandsverymuch.

6．Thefiguresinthesixthparagraphareusedtoshowthat.

A．usinghotwatertowashhandshasabadinfluenceonourplanet

B．airpollutionhasbecomemoreandmoreserious

C．usinghotwatertowashhandsisawasteofenergy

D．peopleshouldpaymoreattentiontotheenvironmentaroundus

7．Thispassageisorganizedinthepatternof.

A．factandopinion

B．causeandeffect

C．definitionandclassification

D．timeandevents

8．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A．It’snecessaryandusefulforpeopletowashtheirhandsfrequentlyeveryday.

B．Wecanwashourhandswithwaterthatisata“comfortable”temperature.

C．Usingcoldwatertowashhandsisnecessaryandmuchhealthier.

D．Hotwatercan’tkillgerms.

C

（2018·黑龙江齐齐哈尔二模）

Shesatatthepicnictablealone.Recess（休息）wasinfullswing.Sheremainedawkwardaroundherclassmates.Sheseemedunsureofwhattodoorsay，yetIcouldseehereyeslongingforacceptance.Manystudentshadalreadydecidedthatherfriendshipwouldnotbeworththeenergyrequiredtoovercometheawkwardness.Othersteasedher.Mostignoredher—exceptforone.

Brianna，theclassclown，wasmakingtheotherstudentslaugh，asusual.“Brianna，doyouseeMollydownthere？

Wouldyoumindwalkingdownthereandinvitinghertocomeupherewiththerestofus？

”

Briannasighed.Icouldtellshedidn’twanttosacrificepreciousminutesofherownrecesstodowhatIwasaskingofher，butIalsoknewherheart.Sheoftenthoughtofothersbeforeherself—ararecharacterforanyone，muchlessakid.

Knowingthischoicewashardforher，IpulledoutaDbuck，ourclasscurrency.Thoughbribery（行贿）wasnottheidealwaytohandlethissituation，Ineededhercooperation.

“Here，I’llpayyouforyourtime.”

Sheofferedaninsinceresmile，graspedthegreenpaper，andheadeddownthehill.

Astherestofthechildrenscreamedandlaughed，myeyeslockedonBriannaasshenearedthepicnictable.Mollycouldbedifficult，andIwouldn’thavebeensurprisedifshesentBriannabackalone，refusingherinvitation.Whensheencouragedherselftoastandingposition，Isighedwithrelief.

Aminutelater，Ifeltataponmyshoulder.“Here，Mrs.D.”ShehandedmetheDbuck.

“Why？

”Iasked.

“Ishouldn’tkeepthis.”Hereyesfelltoherfeet，guiltradiatingfromherquietvoice.“Idon’twantMollytothinkIonlywenttogethersoIcouldearnabuck.She’smyfriend.”

Amomentlater，theywerealllaughingagain，andwhoshouldIseeamongthem，laughingforthefirsttimethatweek？

Molly.

9．Accordingtotheauthor，whatwasMollylike?

A．Sheignoredthejokesfromotherkids.

B．Shefeltawkwardatbeingteased.

C．Shedesiredtobeacceptedbyotherkids.

D．Shehadnoenergytomakefriends.

10．HowdidtheauthorfeelasBriannawalkedtoMolly?

A．Worried.B．Satisfied.

C．Excited.D．Confused.

11．WhatwasthepurposeofBrianna’sreturningtheDbucktotheauthor?

A．Toavoidlosingitoneday.

B．TogetapurefriendshipwithMolly.

C．Tobribeherteacher.

D．Toescapefrombeingscoldedbyherteacher.

Ⅱ.七选五

Inaworldsurroundedbybadnews，itmayfeellikeanunhappyplacesometimes.12

Ifyoumakeevenonepersonsmiletoday，youcanhelpmakethisworldabetterplace.Hereisalistofideastohelpyou.

13InthisdayandagewhereeverythingissentviatheInternet，it’sashocktoreceivealetterthroughthepost.Puttingpentopaperandwritingafewwordstoafriendcanbeaneasywaytomakeapositiveimpact.

Requiringsometimeandresearchtofindtheperfectproject，volunteeringisoneofthenicestthingsyoucando.Whetheryouvolunteeratyourlocalyouthgrouportakedogsfromsheltersforawalk，thesimplefactthatyouaregivingyourtimetohelpsomeoneelseisincredible.Therearesomanyopportunities.14

Tellsomeone“Iloveyou”．Itcanbeanyone.15Perhapsyoucantellafriendthatyouappreciatealltheyaretoyou，orremindyourmumthatit’sherbirthday.Sometimes，inourbusylivesweforgettotakeamomenttotellpeoplewhattheymeantous.

16Whetheryou’recreativeornot，takingtimetomakesomethingforsomeoneelseshowshowmuchyouappreciatethem.Evenifyouthinkyou’renotcreative，therecipientwillfeelluckytogetsuchauniquegiftthatyouputyourprecioustimeinto.Someideascouldincludeacard，painting，drawing，song，poemorcake!

A．However，youcanmakeadifference.

B．It’sasurprisetosendahandwrittenletter.

C．Andyoudon’tevenhavetosay“Iloveyou”．

D．Soyouaresuretofindonethatisrightforyou.

E．Anditdoesn’tnecessarilyhavetotakeupallyourlife.

F．Makingsomethingforaspecialpersonisalwaysunique.

G．Evenapostcardwithacoupleofsentencescouldreallymakesomeone’sday.

答案解析

Ⅰ.

语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。

文章讲述了LewisPugh为了呼吁政府采取措施保护海洋而在平均水温仅有16°C的极地海洋不穿防寒泳衣游泳的勇敢事迹。

1．B　[推理判断题。

根据第二段中的“Iaskworldleaderstodoeverythingtheycantoprotectouroceans.Sometimesthestepstheyneedtotakearedifficultandunpopular.IfI’maskingthemtobecourageous，Imustalsobe.Swimminginawetsuitwouldnotsendtherightmessage.”可知，他不穿防寒泳衣是为了展示他的勇敢，故选B。

]

2．A　[词义猜测题。

上文是他在冰水里游泳身体只能忍受20分钟，下文中提到他游泳时体温在慢慢下降，肌肉控制力也在下降，可推测出此处的it指的是hisbody，故选A。

]

3．A　[推理判断题。

根据第四段中的“DoctorsandPughcautionthatonemustreceivemonthsoftrainingtoswiminsuchcoldwaters.”可知，一个人要想在冰冷的水里游泳必须得训练很长时间才可以，即要做足准备工作才行，故选A。

]

4．A　[标题归纳题。

文章主要讲述的是Pugh为保护海洋而在极寒的水里游泳，他用实际行动去展示他保护海洋的决心和勇气，由此可知A项是最佳标题。

]

语篇解读　本文是一篇研究报告。

热水洗手是不是能杀死更多的细菌？

研究证明并非如此，而且还产生了更多的二氧化碳。

5．C　[细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“buttheyinfacthaveinaccuratebeliefsoroutdatedperceptions.”的转折可知，一般来讲，人们洗手的观念和行为都是不太正确的或者过时的，故选C。

]

6．A　[推理判断题。

根据第五段最后一句“Usingthatnumber，Carrico’steamcalculatedasignificantimpactontheplanet.”可知，本句承上启下，再根据第六段内容可知引用的那些数字就是为了证明用热水洗手对地球带来的消极影响，故选A。

]

7．A　[篇章结构题。

通过对文章的整体理解，尤其是第六段可知，本文主要是通过列举事实，同时表达作者自己的观点的方式进行行文的，故选A。

]

8．B　[推理判断题。

根据最后一段最后一句“Theyrecommendedwashingwithwaterthatisata‘comfortable’temperature，whichtheynotedmaybewarmerincoldmonthsandcoolerinhotones.”可知，我们洗手用舒适温度的水即可，不必太热，也不必太凉，故选B。

]

语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。

莫莉渴望被同学接受，但多数的学生都直接无视她，所以作者让布丽安娜去邀请她，并给她Dbuck作为回报。

布丽安娜照作者的话去做了，但是把Dbuck还给了作者。

因为布丽安娜想和莫莉建立纯洁的友谊，不想让她误会自己去邀请她的诚意。

9．C　[细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“Sheseemedunsureofwhattodoorsay，yetIcouldseehereyeslongingforacceptance.”可知，Molly渴望自己被别人接受。

故选C。

]

10．A　[推理判断题。

根据第七段“Astherestofthechildrenscreamedandlaughed，myeyeslockedonBriannaasshenearedthepicnictable.Mollycouldbedifficult，andIwouldn’thavebeensurprisedifshesentBriannabackalone，refusingherinvitation.”可知，当布丽安娜走向莫莉时，作者很是担心。

故选A。

]

11．B　[推理判断题。

根据倒数第二段中的“Idon’twantMollytothinkIonlywenttogethersoIcould