论文10Word格式文档下载.docx
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Englishlearning;
culturalbackground;
necessity
英语学习中了解背景文化的必要性
摘要:
语言是文化的载体,文化是语言的呈现,同时也是语言所负载的内容。
目前,对于国内的学生来讲,学习英语的过程同样也是文化积累的过程。
语言基本功的掌握是非常必要的,但同时也应该明白,学习一门语言的目的毕竟不是为了记忆词汇、语法规则。
语言是交际的工具,人们学习语言的主要目的是交际。
而中国学生是在中国文化氛围中学习英语的,母语或多或少地影响着英语的学习,两种文化在英语学习中,势必导致文化在教学中的各种差异。
学生缺乏对西方文化背景的了解,存在着因语言、民族、文化传统和思维方式等不同而造成的语言交流障碍,因此,在英语学习过程中应该引导学生了解关注英语国家的各种文化背景,激发学生学习英语的兴趣,消除文化障碍,提高学生的综合应用能力。
本文从现今英语学习中遇到的文化障碍问题出发,以翻译板块为切入点,通过列举实例,对比中西方文化的差异,说明了解背景文化的必要性。
关键词:
英语学习;
文化背景;
必要性
Contents
AbstractinEnglish...........................................................................................................I
AbstractinChinese.........................................................................................................II
1.Introduction1
2.LanguageCultureandThought2
2.1Definitionoflanguage2
2.2TheEnglishLanguage2
2.3TheRelationshipbetweenLanguageandCulture3
3.CultureinWordClasses6
3.1ChineseandEnglishVocabularies6
3.2ColorWordsandTheirCulturalBackgrounds6
3.2.1TheSimilaritiesofExpressingRedinEnglishandChinese8
3.2.2TheDissimilaritiesofExpressingRedinEnglishandChinese9
4.TheConceptofTranslationandCulture10
4.1TheApplicationofCulturalBackgroundinTranslation11
4.2TheRelationshipbetweenCultureandTranslation15
5.Conclusion17
Bibliography18
Acknowledgements19
1.Introduction
Englishasaninternationalcommonlanguage,inpeople'
ssociallifeplaysanimportantrole.Alanguageisasystemofcommunicationusedbythepeopleofaparticularcountryoraregiontalkingorwritingpurposes.Alanguagesystemconsistsofasetofcodesthataresoundsandwrittensymbols.Peopleinonecountryorregionmayspeakalanguagefromthoseinanothercountryorregion.Weoftenhavethedifficultycommunicatingwithpeoplewhospeakadifferentlanguage,whichformsthelanguagebarrier.Thatwhywehavetolearnaforeignlanguagethatisspokenbythepeoplefromanothercountry.
Mostlanguageshavebothoralorspoken,andwrittenforms.EnglishisspokenbytheEnglish-speakingpeopleorbytheEnglish-speakingpopulationastheirmothertongue.Whenwesaymothertongue,wereferittothelanguagethatwelearnedfromourparentswhenwewerechildren.Mothertongueisincontrasttoforeignlanguage.Itcanalsobecallednativetongueornativelanguage.
DuringthecourseoflearningEnglish,payattentiontothedifferencesinWesternculture,tostrengthenculturalbackgroundisverynecessary,itcanhelplearnersreducethemisunderstandinginWesternculture,maketheirowntoovercomethe"
mothertongueinterference"
todevelopgoodhabitsofmind,.
Thedifferentfeaturesofnationsresultfromthedifferencebetweentheircultureandhistory.Accordingtostatistics,about"
culture"
atleast,ithasmorethantwohundredkindsofdifferentdefinition.Broadlyspeaking,cultureisasocialphenomenon,whichisthecreationoftheproductsforalongtime.Butitisalsoakindofhistoricalphenomenonandisthesocialhistoryremains.Rather,culturereferstoastateornationalhistory,geography,localconditionsandpeople,custom,traditions,lifestyles,societysystem,literatureand,behaviorstandards,wayofthinking,values.Whenwetranslatesomething,thebackgroundofthecultureandthebackgroundofhistoryshouldbeconsidered.
2.LanguageCultureandThought
Language,cultureandthoughtareinter-relatedandinteract,influencingandshapingoneanother,thougheachisanindependentsystem.Therefore,itisnotenoughtostudyalanguagejustasasubjectifathoroughanddeepunderstandingoflanguageiswanted.Ratherthestudyshouldbesetinaframeworkformedbylanguage,cultureandthoughtsoastolearnthecomplicatedrelationbetweenthethreeandnatureoflanguage.
2.1Definitionoflanguage
Whatislanguage?
Whatarethefeaturesoflanguage?
Manyphilosophers,linguistsandhistorianshaveoffereddifferentanswerstothequestionsanddifferentdefinitionsoflanguageinaccordancewiththeiremphasisonthedifferentaspectsoflanguage.Nomatterhowdifferenttheirviewsare,“manylinguistshaveagreedtoaccepttheviewthatlanguageisasystemofsymbolsdesignedforthepurposeofhumancommunication.”“Languageisameansofverbalcommunication,”asissaidbyDaiWeidong.
Bothdefinitionsemphasizethemostimportantfactthatlanguageisusedtocommunicatepurposefully,byspeakingorwriting,expressingideasandemotions.Communicationisthefundamentalfunctionoflanguage.Humansocietywouldn’toperatenormallywithoutlanguageasamediumofcommunication.
Languageisaverbalsinceitisasystemofvocalsoundstowhichmeaningisattributed.Spokenlanguageispriortowrittenlanguage.Itisasetofsymbolusedforthetransmissionofinformation.
2.2TheEnglishLanguage
Alanguageisasystemofcommunicationusedbythepeopleofaparticularcountryoraregiontalkingorwritingpurposes.Alanguagesystemconsistsofasetofcodesthataresoundsandwrittensymbols.Peopleinonecountryorregionmayspeakalanguagefromthoseinanothercountryorregion.Weoftenhavethedifficultycommunicatingwithpeoplewhospeakadifferentlanguage.Thisformsthelanguagebarrier.Thatwhywehavetolearnaforeignlanguagethatisspokenbythepeoplefromanothercountry.
Advertisingisareflectionofmodernspiritualculture.Asmeasuresofshowingthereality,thelanguageofadvertisingalsoistheconstituentpartofculture.Advertisementsadaptthepublicactivityorpresenttherespondofsociety.Advertisementisatoolofmufti-languageartsthatdeliverinformationandmakelanguageasthecarrier(Chen,2000).Hence,theadvertisinglanguageshouldbesimpleandeasilytounderstand,fluentlyandclear,atthesametime,therhetoricalmannershouldbepayattention.ChineseandWesternadvertisementusedallkindsofrhetoricaltoreachtheresultofmerchandisepromotion.Consumershavenoawarenesstoaddandknowtheimpressionofgoodsafterobtainingthespiritualenjoy,andthentheyplantobuyit.
ThankstothedifferencesofChineseandWesternculture,theformofrepresentationisdiverse.Advertisinglanguagealsomanifestsdifferentculturevaluesandthinkingpattern.ChineseandWesternculturehasdifferentculturalbackground,customs,behaviorandwaysoflife.Therefore,advertiserswillnodoubtconsiderthedemandsofconsumersthroughtheirculturalbackground.HerearesomeexamplesofadvertisementtocompareandanalyzehowtheChineseandWesternnationalcultureinfluencetheiradvertisinglanguage.
2.3TheRelationshipbetweenLanguageandCulture
Asapartofculture,languageisthecarrierandcontainerofculture.Wehumanuselanguagetodescribeknowledgeandexperiences,analyzeaperson’scustomandbehavioralmodeandcommentsocialsystem,value,beliefs,worldoutlooksandartssuchaspainting,sculpture,dance,musicandetc.
Asapartofculture,languageisameansofexpressingculturecustoms,itplaysanimportantroleinculture.Languagecannotseparatefromrelatedculturetobeindependent.Fromanotheraspect,languageisaffectedbycultureandreflectedtheculture.Languageisbasedonthehistoricalandculturefactors.Thenation’swayofthinking,values,concepts,behaviorandhabitswillaffectthedevelopmentoflanguage.Languageandcultureinfluenceeachother,weshouldtrytounderstandlanguageandcultureandtomasterthem.Everynationhasitsowncultureandlanguageislikeamirrorwhichreflectsthewholeculture.Asthecarrierandideaofculture,therepresentationformoflanguageisinfluencedandrestrictedbyculture.Understandtheirabundantculturalbackgroundtomasterthelanguagefeatureseasily.Onlymoreexposuretoforeigncultures,familiarwithdifferentlanguagenationalhistory,wayoflife,valueandnationalpsychology,canhelpwidenlearners’sights,knowmoreabouttheculturalandlanguagedifferences.Culturepromotesthedevelopmentofadvertisinglanguage,thelanguageofadvertisingshowitsculturetosomeextend.
ChineseandWesternadvertisinglanguagehasitsownuniqueformoflanguagewhichcontainthebeautifulsceneryoflanguageandculture.Meanwhile,theChineseandWesternsocialandculturalknow