最新广东外语外贸大学研究生入学考试英语专业水平考试试题Word下载.docx
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andputthewordintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.
Example
WhenAartmuseumwantsanewexhibit,[1]an
Itneverbuysthingsinfinishedformw&
bangsthemonthewall.[2]never
Whenanaturalhistorymuseumwantsanexhibition,itmustoftenbuildit.[3]exhibit
Memoryprocessesbythatpeopleandotherorganismsencode,store,andretrieve
information.Encodingreferstotheinitialperceptionandregistrationofinformation.
Storageistheretentionofencodedinformationovertime.Retrievalreferstotheprocesses
involvedusingstoredinformation.Wheneverpeoplesuccessfullyrecalla
formerexperience,theymusthaveencoded,stored,andretrievedinformationaboutthe
experience.Conversely,memoryfailure—forexample,forgettinganimportantfact—
reflectsabreakdowninoneofthesestagesofmemory.
Memoryiscriticaltohumansandalllivingorganisms.Practicallyallofourdaily
Activities—talking,understanding,reading,socializing—dependonourhavinglearned
andstoredinformationaboutourenvironments.Memoryallowsustoretrieveevents
fromthedistantpastorfrommomentsbefore.Itenablesustolearnnewskillsandto
formhabits.Withouttheabilitytoaccesspastexperiencesorinformation,wewould
beunabletocomprehendlanguage,recognizeourfriendsandfamilymembers,findour
waytohome,oreventieashoe.Lifewouldbeaseriesofdisconnectedexperiences,
eachonenewandunfamiliar.Withoutanysortofmemory,humanswillquicklyperish.
Philosophers,psychologists,writers,andotherthinkershavelongbeenfascinated
bymemory.Thefollowingareamongtheirquestions:
Howdoesthebrainstorememories?
Whydopeopleremembersomebitsofinformationbutnotothers?
Canpeopleimprove
theirmemories?
Whatisthecapacityformemory?
Memoryalsoisfrequentlyasubject
ofcontroversybecauseofquestionsaboutitsaccuracy.Aneyewitness'
smemoryofa
crimecanplayacrucialroleindeterminingasuspect'
sguiltorinnocence.However,
psychologistsagreethatpeopledonotalwaysrecalleventsliketheyactuallyhappened,
andsometimespeoplemistakinglyrecalleventsthatneverhappened.
Memoryandlearningarecloserelated,andthetermsoftendescriberoughlythesame
processes.Thetermlearningisoftenusedtorefertoprocessesinvolvedintheinitial
acquisitionorencodingofinformation,butthetermmemorymoreoftenrefersto
laterstorageandretrievalofinformation.Therefore,thisdistinctionisnothardandfast
Aboveall,informationislearnedonlywhenitcanberetrievedlater,andretrievalcannot
occurunlessinformationwaslearned.Thus,psychologistsoftenrefertothelearning/
memoryprocessameansofincorporatingallfacetsofencoding,storage,andretrieval.
[1]_________
[2]_________
[3]_________
[4]_________
[5]__________
[6]_________
[7]__________
[8]_________
[9]__________
[10]_________
[11]________
[12]________
[13]________
[14]________
[15]_______
II.Cloze（20%）
Fillineachblankwiththewordsgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.
degreewhilevergeoverEven
suchreadyasmajoredefficiency
whenoncewhomfullwhich
heldthatthangrowingbecause
ZhangLingrecentlyattendedaBeijingjobfair1ofoptimism.Shewassureshecouldfindateachingjobatacollege,particularlyatatime___2___educationisthelastchoiceformanyuniversitygraduates.ButZhang,whoholdsamaster'
s___3____fromBeijingNormalUniversity,wasgreetedbysomanyrecruiterssaying"
weonlywantmen"
___4___shewenttoacomeratthebustlingfair,angryandfrustratedandonthe___5___oftears.
Zhangisnottheonlyfemalewhofeelsfrozenoutofjobmarkets6forcollegeseniors.More7halfofthepostsattheexchangesread“menonly.”Evenoccupations_8aretraditionallyreservedforwomen,9_assecretariesandteachers,arebeingtakenbymen.
WhileChina'
shoteconomyisdemandingwell-educatedtalent,bossesare10torejectqualifiedfemaleapplicants.Andtheproblemis_11_worsethisyear.Onereasonisthestreamliningofstaffingovernmentandenterprisestoimprove12.
Also,someemployersarereluctanttohirewomen13theythinkthewomencannotgoonbusinesstripsalone,cannotserve_14_businessrepresentativesabroadandarelesscareer-minded15theygetmarriedandhavechildren.
LiaoAidong,who16intextileengineering,anindustrywhichisnothiringmanypeoplethisyear,saidnoonerespondedtoherapplications,17maleclassmatesreadilysecuredjobsinBeijingtextilemills._18_womenwhograduatewith"
hot"
degrees,suchascomputerprogrammingandforeignlanguages,havetoswallowtheirpridewhenmenwhodidn'
tperformwellinschoolarechosen19thembyemployers.
TheBeijingForeignStudiesUniversityhas300graduatesthisyear,60percentof_20_arewomen.
III.FillinthefollowingblankswiththeCORRECTFORMortheCORRESPONDINGFORMofthewordsgivenaccordingtotheMEANINGofthesentences.（40%）
prolong,refuse,delay,postpone,lengthen
Ihopethe______________oftheappointmentwillnotcauseyoumuchinconvenience.
Thekeyispostponement.
1.able,capable,competent
GPS（GlobalPositioningSystem）hasbeensuccessfulinclassicalnavigationapplications,andbecauseits____________areaccessibleusingsmall,inexpensiveequipment,GPShasalsobeenusedinmanynewapplications.
2.scar,scratch,bruise,blister,spot
Ifyouaresocarelessastogoonlongwalksintight-fittingshoes,youmustexpecttoget__________.
3.decay,rot,decompose,disintegrate
The______________oftheSovietUnionenabledtheBushadministrationtoscalebackdramaticallytheenormousdefensebuildupofthepreviousdecade.
4.glisten,glitter,shimmer,sparkle,polish
OntheeveningofAugust21,inthenorthwesternregionoftheAfricanrepublicofCameroon,avolcaniccraterlake,whichlocalvillagershaddubbedthegoodlakebecauseofits____________bluecolor,becameakiller.AdeadlycloudofgasesexplodedfromLakeNios,killingmorethan1,700peopleandthousandsofanimalsinthesurroundingvalley.
5.ignorant,illiterate,uneducated,unlearned
AftertheRussianRevolutiontheSovietgovernmentvirtuallyeliminated_________throughtheestablishmentofvariousinstitutionsandextensionclassesforadults.
6.respectful,respected,respectable,respective
AcademicFreedomistherightofteachersandresearchworkers,particularlyincollegesanduniversities,toinvestigatetheir_________fieldsofknowledgeandexpresstheirviewswithoutfearofrestraintordismissalfromoffice.
7.encourage,motivate,award,stimulate
It'
sofgreatimportancethata（n）____________mechanismshouldbeintroducedtobringtheinitiativeoftheworkersintofullplay.
8.insist,persist,adhere,persevere
Asanintellectual,hebestoweduponthegamesofgolfandbridgealltheenthusiasmand______________thathewithheldfrombooksandideas.
9.complex,complicated,intricate
Thewarrior-priest'
sbodywasfestoonedwithgold,silver,andjeweledornaments,andbewore______________detailedgoldandturquoiseearornaments,saidtobeamongthefinestpiecesofjewelryeverfoundintheNewWorld.
10.likely,possible,probable,plausible
Suchhightemperaturesrestrictthesurfacetoabarrendesertwastelandandruleoutthe__________oflifeonVenus.
11.age,epoch,era,period,time
Paleontologyindicatesthattheearthhasgonethroughasuccessionofice______________,eachlastingforafewmillionyearsandseparatedbylongerperiodsofquiescence—about250millionyears.
12.landscape,scenery,sight,scene,view
ThisNationalGeographicarticlediscussesthe__________,culture,andhistorythatgivetheFrenchregionofProvencesuchadistinctivecharacter.
13.combine,partner,unite,ally
Asaresultoftheir_______________,thethreesmallindependentcountriesfeltlessafraidoftheirpowerfulneighbor.
14.obey,observe,abide,conform
Heoftenforgetstodowhathehasbeentoldandisscoldedforbeing
15.dwell,inhabit,live,reside
Thosewhowouldliketoapplyforthesepositionsoughttohavepermanent___________permitinBeijing.
16.praise,rise,arise
Manydifficulties_______________asaresultofthechangeovertoanewtypeoffuel.
17.scatter,spray,disperse,separate
Whenhecamein,hefoundthatpaperclips,drawingpins___________allandsafety-pinsoverthefloor.
18.impose,exercise,execute,conduct
OnApril30,Clintonannouncedthe____________ofcomprehensivesanctionsonIraninretaliationfortheIraniangovernment'
sactiveoppositiontotheMiddleEastpeaceprocessanditssponsorshipofinternationalterrorism.
19.damage,destroy,demolish,devastate,raze
Ofmorethan55speciescommonintheUnitedStates,1hemajoritybuildtheirnestsunderground.Thesubterraneantermitesare-extremely______________,becausetheytunneltheirwaytowoodenstructures,intowhichtheyburrowtoobtainfood.
20.nuisance,disturbance,anno
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