现在分词短语作状语.docx
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现在分词短语作状语
现在分词短语作状语
Unit2BookThree
SectionAIronandtheEffectsofExercise
TeachingObjectives
Afterlearningthisunit,Ssaresupposedtobeableto
●understandtheimportanceofironandtheeffectsofexercise.
●findoutwaystohaveirondeficienciesandwaystoremedyirondeficiencies.
●graspthekeylanguagepointsandgrammaticalstructuresinthetextsinSectionAandB.
●learntowriteaparagraphofcauseandeffect.
●improvetheirreadingskill----distinguishingbetweenfactsandopinions.
●conductaseriesofreading,listening,speakingandwritingactivities.
TimeAllotment
1stand2ndperiod------Pre-readingActivites
3rdand4thperiod------While-readingActivites
5thand6thperiod-----Post-readingActivitesandSectionB
7thand8thperiod------ListeningandSpeaking
TeachingContents
I.ImportantPoints
A.Keywordsandphrases:
SectionA:
moderate,consume,respectively,restrict,sufficient,indicate,advisable,modify,derive,interfere,remedy,takein,tipovertheedge,throwup,sumup,
SectionB:
succession,imply,proposal,inference,corresponding,speculate,neglect,revise,tackle,alike,comment,beneficial,incontrast,applyto,engageoneselfin,focuson,pointto
B.KeySentencePatterns
1) Beardandotherexpertssayit’sadvisableforpeopleinthesegroupstohaveayearlybloodtesttocheckbloodironreserves.
2)Ifyoupayattentiontowarningsignsbeforeironreservesaregone,youcanremedythedeficiencybeforeitreallybecomesaproblem.
II.DifficultPoints
1.Irondeficiencyisverycommonamongwomen,affectingoneinfourfemaleteenagersandoneinfivewomenaged18to45,respectively.
现在分词短语作状语,使用该结构时,应注意:
1)分词的逻辑主语应与句子主语一致。
2)分词有时也可有自己独立的逻辑主语,这时分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致,这种结构称为独立结构。
3)现在分词在意思上与逻辑主语是主动关系,而过去分词与逻辑主语则为被动关系。
2.Theironcontentoftomatosaucecookedinanironpotforthreehoursshowedastrikingincrease,thelevelgoingupnearly30times.
独立结构的形式有:
1)名词(或主格代词)+动词的非谓语形式;2)名词(或主格代词)+形容词;3)名词(或主格代词)+介词短语;4)名词(或主格代词)+副词;5)名词(或主格代词)+名词;6)用with引导的独立结构;7)用without,like,on引导的独立结构。
独立结构在句中可作状语、定语或主语。
TeachingProcedures
I.Pre-readingActivities
A.Warm-upactivities
a)Workinpairstodiscussthefollowingquestionstolearnaboutthestudents’understandingofirondeficiency
1)Doyoulikesports?
2)Whatdoyouusuallyeatordrinkafterdoingexercise?
3)Doyoufeeltiredafterdoingexercise?
4)Doyouthinksportsarealwaysgoodtopeople’shealthnomatterhowmuchtheydoitorwhentheydoit?
5)Whatdoyouthinkisthebestwaytohelpwomengainironintheirblood?
6)Doyouthinkmenalsohavethesameproblemofirondeficiency?
b)Workingroupstodiscussthefollowingquestions.
1)Whydowomenoftennothaveenoughironintheirbodies?
2)Ifironlevelsarelow,whatproblemscanwomenexperience?
3)Whatcanyoueattogetironandwhatdisadvantagescanthesesupplementssometimeshave?
Fromourdiscussions,differentconclusionscanbedrawnasfollows:
1)Sportsarealwaysbeneficialtopeople’shealth.Peopleofdifferentagesusuallydosomeexercisetobuilduptheirbodies.Somechoosetorunslowlyontheplayground,someclimbmountains,someplayallkindsofballgames,andsomeoldpeopleonlywalkslowly.Nomatterwhattheydo,theyfeelmerry-heartedandstrongafterwards.
2)However,ifpeople,speciallytheold,taketoomuchexerciseatsomecertaintime,forinstance,tooearlyinthemorningortoolateatnight,theyfeelexhaustedandunabletosleepwell.Theyevendon’thaveaverygoodappetiteforanythingthenextday.Someyoungpeopleevenhavetogotoseeadoctoraftertoomuchexercisebeyondtheirexpectationandstayawayfromschoolforsometimefollowingthedoctor’sadvice.
3)It’snecessarytohelppeoplegettoknowthatmoderateexerciseiswhattheyreallyneedandthatit’simportanttosupplementironandothermaterialspeopleneedafterdoingexercise.
Thusleadintothetextbysaying:
Althoughsportsarenecessaryandimportantforpeople’shealth,whatpeopleneedismoderateexercise.Besides,itisimportantforpeopletoremedyirondeficiencybyeatingsomethingrichinironorsomeironsupplements.
B.Backgroundinformation
1)digestivesystem:
Thedigestivesystemisaseriesofholloworgansjoinedinalong,twistingtubefromthemouthtotheanus.Insidethistubeisaliningcalledthemucosa.Inthemouth,stomach,andsmallintestine,themucosacontainstinyglandsthatproducejuicestohelpdigestfood.
2)Medicine&ScienceinSports&Exercise
Itisamultidisciplinaryjournalfeaturingoriginalinvestigations,clinicalstudies,andcomprehensivereviewsoncurrenttopicsinsportsmedicineandexercisescience.Withthismultidisciplinaryjournal,exercisephysiologists,physiatrists,physicaltherapists,teamphysiciansandathletictrainersgetavitalexchangeofinformationfrombasicandappliedscience,medicine,education,andalliedhealthfields.
C.KeyWordsandTheirCollocations
1.asuccessionof:
aseriesoforanumberofpersonsorthingsfollowingoneaftertheother;
theactoffollowingoneaftertheother
___Hetookasuccessionofjobsfromwhichhegainedalotofexperience.
___Ourschoolhaswonthespeechcontestforthe3rdyearinsuccession.
cf.succeedv.succeedindoingsth.
___Throughmanyyears’ofhardwork,hefinallysucceededinbecomingawriterashehadexpected.
cf.successn.
___attainsuccess;achievesuccess
2.bounceback:
returntothenormalandhealthystateoffeelingoractivity
___WelosttwoorthreegamesintheWorldCup,butwebouncedback.
___Heisyoungenoughtobouncebackfromthisdisappointment.
3.ratio:
n.afigureshowingthenumberoftimesonequantitycontainsanother
___Theratioof10to5is2to1.
___Theadulttochildratiois1to6.
4.upto:
asfaras;toandincluding
___Upto10mencansleepinthistent.
___Everyoneworks,fromtheboywhosweepstheflooruptothepresident.
cf.downto
___Everyoneworks,fromthePresidentdowntotheboywhosweepsthefloor.
5.takein:
allowair,drinkorfoodtoenterone’sbody,usu.Bybreathingorswallowing
___Thewoundedsoliderwassoweakthathecouldhardlytakeinevenliquid.
___Shelistenedsoattentivelytoherteacher,takingineverywordhesaidandaskingquestionsfromtimetotime.
6.atrisk:
indanger
___Thediseaseisspreading,andallchildrenunderfiveareatrisk.
___Upto2,000jobsarestillatrisk.
7.liable:
1)likely,esp.fromhabitortendency
___Heisliabletoshoutwhenangry.
___Heisnotthemanwhoisliabletoharmhimself.
2)oftensuffering(from)
___Shewillnotgrowintoawomanparticularlyliabletodepression.
___Theboyisliabletobadcolds.
8.tip(sb.)overtheedge:
bringaboutanoticeablechange;(causeto)developintoanother
status
___Becauseofnotbeingabletocopewitheverydaylifetheyweretippedovertheedgeintobreakdown.
9.throwup:
vomit;besick
___Thechildhasthrownupherdinneragain.
___Janecan’tcome;shehasbeenthrowingupallmorning.
10.derivefrom:
obtainfrom;comefrom
___Heisoneofthosepeoplewhocanderivepleasurefromhelpingothers.
___Thesearedefensivebehaviorpatternswhichderivefromoursubconsciousfears.
11.interferewith:
preventfromworkingorhappening;causedamageto
___Youmustn’tallowyourfamilydutiestointerferewithyourwork.
___Thisnoiseinterferedwithmywork.
cf:
interferein:
meddlein;concernoneselfwithandusu.Takeunwantedactionaboutsomeoneelse’sbusiness
tointerfereinsth.istotakepartinitwithoutbeingwanted,buttointerferewithsth.istopreventitfromhappening.前者指别人未请而自己主动参与,后者指阻碍事情发生。
___Don’tinterfereinmattersthatdon’tconcernyou.
___Ineverinterfereinhisaffairs.
12.sumup:
givethemainideaofsth.writtenorspoken;makeatotaloaanamount
___Youhaveonly100wordsinwhichtosumuphisspeech.
___Yourmarkssumupto87.
___Tosumup,theenvironmentalprotectionshouldcallformoreofourconcern.
II.While-readingActivities
1.TextStudy
A.Fastreadingandtrytograspthemainideaoftext
Themainideaofeachpart:
Centraltopic:
Exercise,evenmoderateexercise,mayleadtoreducedironinthebloodofwomen.
_________________________________________________________
Sportsmedicineexpertshaveobservedthatenduranceathletes,particularlyfemales,frequentlyhaveirondeficiencies.
Para.1
Anewstudyshowsthatinactivewomenwhostartedaprogramofmoderateexerciseshowedevidenceofironloss.
Para.2
Thenewexerciserswhofollowedtheirnormaldietshowedadecreaseinironlevels.
Para.3
Paras.1-3
Irondeficiencyisverycommonamongwomen:
Oneinfourfemaleteenagers;oneinfivewomenaged18to45;theratioisevengreateramongactivewomen:
about80percentoffemaleenduranceathletes
Fourcauses:
Toomanywomenignoretheamountofirontheytakein;women’smonthlybleedingisamajorsourceofironloss;manywomenincreasetheirriskofironlossbyrejectingredmeat;womenareliabletoexperienceadeficiencyasaresultofrestrictingtheirdietinweightcontrol.
Para 4
_____________________________________
Onespecificcause:
Theaveragewomantakesinonlytwothirdsoftherecommendeddailyallowanceforironandanyadditionalironlossfromexerc