广州小学英语(自然拼读及国际音标)讲义.doc
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培英教育自然拼读＆音标
自然拼读进阶
（及国际音标）
Phonetics
授
课
教
材
学生姓名:
任课教师:
LEI老师
就读年级:
年级
授课日期:
2017..
目录
语音知识 2
Lesson1
pbtdkgaeiou 3
Lesson2
cckssszfvmnhlll 4
Lesson3
a_ee_ei_eo_eu_eareriruror 5
Lesson4
rrrjwyxblplclglflbrprcrgrfr 6
Lesson5
smsnslswspstscsk期中复习及测试 8
Lesson6
aiayauawalairereea 9
Lesson7
phchshsthntndnkngwrwhkn 10
Lesson8
eaeeewietsdsqutwtrdrtion 11
Lesson9
oioyooooaouour期末总复习 12
Lesson10
期末测试及教学分析展示 14
语音知识
（一）基本的语音概念
音素：
发音的最小单位。
英语有元音20个，辅音28个。
元音：
元是重要的意思。
元音是发音时经常读到的，响亮的音。
辅音：
辅助的发音，像中文的声母。
元音字母和辅音字母：
在英语中有5个元音字母：
A,E,I,O,U,2个半元音字母Y,W。
其他都是辅音字母。
字母组合：
两个或两个以上的字母在一起并有其特定的发音，这种语音现象称为字母组合，如ar/a:
/,oo/:
/。
重读：
相连的音节中某个音节发音突出的现象。
英语的重音是自由重音，重读符号一般在重读音节前或元音上。
音调：
英语有两种基本语调：
升调（↗），降调（↙）。
英语国际音标表（48个）
元音（20个）
长元音
[ɑ:
]
[ɔ:
]
[ə:
]
[i:
]
[u:
]
短元音
[ʌ]
[ɔ]
[ə]
[i]
[u]
[e]
[æ]
双元音
[ei]
[ai]
[ɔi]
[iə]
[ɛə]
[uə]
[əu]
[au]
辅音（28个）
清辅音
[p]
[t]
[k]
[f]
[θ]
[s]
浊辅音
[b]
[d]
[ɡ]
[v]
[ð]
[z]
清辅音
[ʃ]
[h]
[ʦ]
[ʧ]
[tr]
浊辅音
[ʒ]
[r]
[ʣ]
[ʤ]
[dr]
鼻音
[m]
[n]
[ŋ]
半元音
[j]
[w]
边音
[1]
26个字母发音表
Lesson1
1.IPA
p//---
pan
pen
pig
pot
put
paper
b//---
bat
bed
big
box
but
book
t//---
ten
time
take
talk
tell
taxi
d//---
dad
bad
dig
dog
day
dear
k//---
kid
kite
cake
take
make
lake
g//---
good
game
gate
gun
god
dog
a//---
bag
bad
sad
fat
man
apple
e//---
bed
bet
pen
get
leg
left
i//---
big
sit
dig
fit
hill
milk
o//---
box
fox
dog
hot
lot
not
o//---
son
mother
brother
other
love
some
u//---
but
bus
sun
run
cut
nut
Phonemicspelling
pin
pop
tin
nut
pot
did
dad
but
pit*
bit
cub*
fin*
Ted*
dot
fan
bat
fun
top
lot
hot
kiss
cut
luck
gun
bud*
fox
fat
map
Note:
pit:
矿井
cub:
幼崽
fin:
鱼鳍
Ted:
人名
bud:
花蕾
Lesson2
1.IPA
c//---（在字母a,o,u前）
cap
card
call
carry
c//---（在字母e,i,前）
cent
city
circle
ice
ck//---
cock
chick
truck
clock
black
rock
s//---
sad
sell
sit
say
sun
sorry
ss//---
pass
mess
miss
loss
success
discuss
z//---
zero
zebra
zed
zoo
zip
zone
s//---
has
raise
excuse
please
these
those
f//---
fat
farm
four
five
fine
fast
v//---
very
leave
vice
verb
vote
visit
m//---
map
mad
milk
make
warm
movie
n//---
nine
nice
not
now
fun
fan
h//---
hot
help
hello
how
hate
hop
l//---
leg
left
late
lion
girl
school
ll//---
mall
tall
full
ball
hill
small
2.Practice
（1）Phonemicspelling
fed
got
nut
hit
late
piss
very
dollar
hut
nim
fond
victory
vest
lot
fit
catch
sing
luck
save
family
crack
check
jazz
ham
team
cinema
leg
same
Lesson3
1.IPA
a_e/e/---
lake
take
cake
bake
safe
save
e_e/i:
/---
eve
bene*
cede*
these
Chinese
Japanese
i_e/a/---
kite
bike
ride
like
write
site
o_e//---
home
nose
bone
hope
rose
smoke
u_e/:
/---
cute
tube
fuse
muse
puce*
excuse
ar//---
far
mark
card
park
farm
hard
er//---（在重读音节）
her
verb
herb
term
serve
//---（在非重读音节）
sister
mother
teacher
worker
ruler
ir//---
sir
fir
bird
dirty
firm
girl
ur//---
fur
hurt
turn
nurse
burn
Thursday
or/:
/---
born
corn
dork
fork
horse
north
（1）Phonemicspelling
mine
fede*
globe
fame
Nute*
Hite*
bite
nude*
pure
tide
pore
sardin*
far
norm
lobe*
vine
hope
sorry
name
turtle
murder
bird
SARS
first
curl
fir*
fur
huge
Note:
bene:
[古语]祈祷
cede:
放弃
puce:
深褐色
fede:
忠诚
Nute:
男子名
Hite:
姓氏
nude:
无装饰的
sardin:
沙丁鱼
lobe:
耳垂
fir:
冷杉
Lesson4
1.IPA
r//---
red
rice
run
rain
read
room
rr//---
borrow
tomorrow
parrot
porridge
surrender
carrot
j//---
June
July
jacket
jazz
jam
jump
w//---
wet
week
wait
warm
watch
wine
y//---
yes
you
your
year
yet
yell
y/a/---
my
why
fly
sky
spy
ply*
y//---
sunny
rainy
windy
cloudy
snowy
study
x//---
box
fox
fix
taxi
max
fax
bl//---
black
block
blank
blame
bless
blond
pl//---
play
plant
plane
plate
plum
plus
cl//---
clean
clear
class
clock
clap
climb
gl//---
glad
glass
globe
glue
glide
glory
fl//---
fly
floor
flag
flat
flame
flash
br//---
bring
break
bridge
brave
brand
breath
pr//---
price
pray
pride
prate*
prime
practice
cr//---
cry
cross
cream
crab
crime
crack
gr//---
grass
green
grape
great
greet
granny
fr//---
fry
frog
from
free
frame
friend
2.Practice
（1）Phonemicspelling
leg
late
rot
rat
Jack
went
jog
rock
relax
yam
mall
windy
fly
pry*
block
bless
plate
plant
clock
ax
clad*
gloss*
glum
grab
fix
crab
fret*
frisk*
Note:
ply:
使用
prate:
瞎扯
pry:
探查
clad:
穿衣的
gloss:
注释
fret:
焦急
gloss:
注释
fret:
焦急
Lesson5
1.IPA
sm//---
smile
smell
smart
smoke
smooth
Smith
sn//---
snack
snap
snow
sneaker
snake
snip
sl//---
slow
sleep
slam
slack
slim
sly
sw//---
swim
sweet
sweep
swing
sweater
swear
sp//---
speak
spell
spring
space
spade
spoon
st//---
star
step
stand
stamp
storm
start
sc//---
scan
scar
scarf
scope
scare
scary
sk//---
sky
skirt
skate
skin
skip
skill
（1）Phonemicspelling
slam*
spoke
slope*
swap*
swift*
spirit
stick
scab*
screen
skid*
sport
specific
spider
speed
slave
slide
small
ski
snug*
smurf*
slice
slash*
slay*
switch
spray
spare
study
station
Note:
slam:
砰地关上
slope:
斜坡
swap:
交换
swift:
迅速的
scab:
痂，疤
smurf:
蓝精灵
snug:
舒适的
skid:
打滑
slash:
猛砍
slay:
杀害
（2）Dictation
期中测试（笔试80%+口试20%）
1.写出下列字母以及字母组合对应音标（48分）：
p
b
t
d
k
a
e
i
o
u
g
c
s
z
f
v
h
m
n
l
r
j
w
x
y
y
y
bl
pl
cl
gl
fl
br
pr
cr
fr
ar
er
ir
or
ur
2.朗读并写出下列单词的音标（32分）：
pin
tim
nut
fan
bat
map
dig
kab
bib
vot
pot
sub
bug
min
sun
went
fly
wet
yam
fede
gope
globe
pote
mode _
scar
vurt
slurp
plate
frisk
grab
block
pride
Lesson6
1.IPA
ai//---
aim
rain
wait
fail
rail
pain
ay//---
day
say
pay
way
may
gay
au/:
/---
autumn
August
daughter
taught
caught
autumn
aw/:
/---
saw
law
maw*
caw*
gaw*
haw*
al/:
/---
all
call
fall
talk
wall
walk
air//---
air
hair
pair
fair
chair
air
ere//---
there
where
somewhere
everywhere
there
where
ea//---
head
dead
health
breakfast
ready
feather
ea/i:
/---
tea
sea
pea
read
reach
east
2.Practice
（1）Phonemicspelling
spait*
afraid
mermaid
small
bay*
clay
taught
cause
paw
awful
chalk
chair
pair
claw
awesome
murder
feather
dead
tea
pea
Note:
maw:
（动物的）胃
caw:
发出乌鸦叫
gaw:
衣服上的破处
haw:
山楂
claw:
爪
bay:
海湾
lure:
引诱
spait:
大水
Lesson7
1.IPA
ph//---
phone
photo
phenix
phase
phrase
elephant
ch//---
chair
cheap
chalk
rich
chip
much
sh//---
she
ship
shop
fish
shoe
shy
d//---
dad
bad
dig
dog
day
dear
th//---
three
thank
thin
thick
think
third
th//---
this
that
them
they
their
there
nt//---
lent
bent
sent
hunt
faint
saint
nd//---
wind
kind
sand
fond
bond
blond
nk//---
pink
ink
tank
bank
blank
think
ng//---
bang
hang
sing
ring
king
bring
s//---
measure
treasure
pleasure
leisure
enclosure
exposure
wr//---
write
wrong
wrap
wring
wrest
wrestle
wh//---
who
whose
whole
whom
whoop
wholly
wh//---
when
what
where
why
which
white
kn//---
know
knife
knock
knot
knight
knee
（1）Phonemicspelling
phrase
phone
chin*
cheek
shame
shy
thin
thing
there
tent*
wind
sand
tank
pink
hang
strong
measure
pleasure
wrist
write
whose
who
whale
which
knife
knock
lent
three
Note:
chin:
下巴
tent:
帐篷
wrist:
手腕
enclosure:
包围
exposure:
暴露
Lesson8
1.IPA
ea//---
head
dead
health
breakfast
ready
feather
ea/i:
/---
tea
sea
pea
read
reach
east
ee/i:
/---
see
bee
tree
free
beef
street
ew/:
/--
few
new
mew*
dew
hew
jew*
ie/a/---
tie
lie
die
pie
hie
vie
ie/i:
/---
piece
field
believe
achieve
niece
brief
ts/ts/---
cats
boats
coats
jackets
lights
streets
ds/dz/---
birds
clouds
roads
foods
beds
finds
qu//---
quick
quite
queen
quarter
question
quack
tw//---
twin
twelve
twenty
twinkle
twister*
twilight*
tr//---
tree
trip
try
train
truck
troop
dr//---
drum
drink
draw
dress
drive
dream
tion//-
action
caution
section
station
mention
vacation
2.Practice
（1）Phonemicspelling
feather
dead
tea
pea
deep
sheep
mew
dew*
die
lie
field
chief*
caution
section
sheets
jackets
beds
birds
queen
quite
twin
twice
train
tree
drank
dress
Note:
jew:
犹太人
twister:
缠绕
twilight:
黄昏
mew:
猫叫
de
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