高考英语语法专题复习Word文档下载推荐.docx
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payavisittosb.asarule;
asaresult;
asawhole;
inadayortwo;
inaway;
ofasize;
goonadiet;
haveawordwithsb.;
haveahappylife;
haveagiftforsth.;
makealiving;
take（a）pridein;
takeagreatinterestin;
takeawalk/break/bath/seat;
agreatdealof;
beapity;
haveacold/headache/fever/rest;
manya;
catchacold;
withasmile;
withapopulationof;
onceinawhile;
onceuponatime;
atadistance;
ataloss;
atamouthful;
keepadiary;
tellalie;
getaneducation;
so/as/too/how/howevercleveraboy;
what/suchacleverboy;
apeacefulworld
2.定冠词the的几种基本用法：
（1）Whoisthewriterofthebookonthedesk?
（2）Ihavehiredthecarbythehour.
（3）thesun;
themoon;
theearth;
theuniverse;
thePeople’sRepublicofChina;
theUnitedNations;
theGreatWall;
theSuezCanal;
thePacificOcean;
totheright;
intheeast;
thepoor;
thewounded;
theGreens;
theChinese;
thefirst;
thebest;
theyoungerofthetwobrothers;
themorethebetter;
themore…,thebetter;
intheforties;
playthepiano;
gotothetheater;
gototheconcert;
bytheway;
forthetimebeing;
intheend;
onthephone;
atthemomentof;
onthespot;
tothepoint;
thewholeday;
theotherday;
takesb.bythearm;
hitsb.intheface
3.不用冠词的场合：
（1）Horsesareusefulanimals.
（2）Airiseverywherearoundus.
（3）ChristmascomesonThursdaythisyear.
（4）Heplaysbasketballeverydayafterschool.
（5）ThefamilywerehavingsupperwhenIcame.
（6）HewaselectedPresidentasecondtime.
（7）Heactedaschairmanatthemeeting.
（8）Tomturneddoctorwhenhegrewup.=Tombecameadoctorwhenhegrewup.
（9）Youngmanas/thoughheis,hehasseenmuchoftheworld.
（10）bybike/car;
onfoot/horseback;
gototown/work/school/university/church/hospital;
atnoon/dawn/daybreak;
dayandnight;
fromdaytoday;
dayafterday;
daybyday;
indebtto;
indanger;
introuble/difficulty;
atease;
inclass;
incourt;
ingoodcondition;
ingreatdemand/need;
intimeofdanger;
inoffice;
insurprise/silence/pride;
inhonourof;
infavourof;
ingeneral;
insight;
inuse;
catchsightof;
in/outoforder;
infact;
onbusiness/holiday/leave/strike/watch/fire;
aheadoftime;
thiskindofbooks=booksofthiskind
4.有无定冠词的区别：
attable→atthetable;
inprison→intheprison,bysea→bythesea,beinchargeof→beinthechargeof;
byday→bytheday;
takeplace→taketheplaceof;
inpossessionof→inthepossessionof;
insightof→inthesightof;
inhospital→inthehospital;
inbed→inthebed;
infrontof→inthefrontof;
threeofus→thethreeofus;
onearth→ontheearth;
outofquestion→outofthequestion;
gotosea→gotothesea;
beofage→beofanage;
Heisstillinoffice→Heisstillintheoffice
5.用不定冠词和定冠词的区别：
asawhole→onthewhole;
atadistance→inthedistance;
inaway→intheway;
anumberof→thenumberof;
takeachair→takethechair;
foramoment→forthemoment
第二章名词和主谓一致
一．基础知识梳理。
1.常见的不可数名词：
advice,baggage,bread,cloth,clothing,electricity,equipment,fortune,fun,furniture,health,income,information,knowledge,luck,luggage,meat,medicine,metal,money,music,news,paper,practice,production,progress,room（空间）,rubbish,traffic,treasure,waste,wealth,homework，word（）,man（）,
2.复数形式特殊的名词：
（1）单复数同形的名词：
Chinese;
Japanese;
sheep;
deer鹿;
series系列;
means方式;
works工厂;
crossroads十字路口;
jin斤;
species物种;
aircraft
（2）以-oes结尾的复数名词：
tomatoes;
potatoes;
heroes;
Negroes
（3）以-fs结尾的复数名词：
beliefs信念;
gulfs海湾;
chiefs首领;
roofs屋檐;
proofs证据
（4）不规则复数形式名词：
foot－feet;
tooth－teeth;
goose－geese;
man－men;
woman－women;
mouse－mice;
child－children;
ox－oxen;
phenomenon－phenomena现象;
bacterium－bacteria细菌;
crisis－crises危机;
analysis－analyses分析
3.常用复数形式的名词：
congratulations,parents,shoes,stairs,tears,things（形势）,thanks,trousers,twins,vegetables,asfollows,domorningexercises,exchangegreetings,hurtone’sfeelings,good/badmanners;
indozens,inhigh/lowspirits,Goodheavens!
bythismeans,changeseatswithsb,makeannouncements,makerepairs,makepreparationsforsth.,giveregards/bestwishestosb,makefriends/enemieswithsb,shakehandswithsb,taketurns,take/makenotes,theOlympicGames,theUnitedStates,hundredsof
4.复数形式意义特别的名词：
airs傲气;
arms武器;
ashes骨灰;
clothes衣服;
conditions环境;
contents目录;
customs海关;
damages赔偿金;
drinks饮料;
expectations前程;
games比赛;
glasses眼镜;
goods货物;
greens青菜;
irons镣铐;
lines台词;
looks外表;
manners礼貌;
pains努力;
papers文件，试卷，报纸，论文;
regards问候;
sands沙漠;
spirits酒精;
times时代;
waters水域;
woods树林;
works工厂，著作;
5.常用复数形式做定语的名词：
armsproduction,clothesshop,communicationssatellite,salespolicy,foreignlanguagesdepartment,sportsmeet,agoodstrain,plasticsindustry,womendoctors
6.名词词形的变化：
常见后缀有
-age
-ance/-ence
-ancy/-ency
-dom
-er/-or
-ian
7.-ication
8.-ics
9.-ion/-ation/-ition
10.-ist/-ism
11.-ity-ty
12.-ment
13.-ness
14.--ship
15.-th
7.主谓一致
语法一致原则
1.
（1）TomandJackwereclosefriends.
（2）Trialanderroristhesourceofourknowledge.
（3）Thesingeranddanceristoattendoureveningparty.
（4）Eachboyand（each）girlhasanapple.
（5）Manyateacherand（manya）studenthasseenthefilm.
（6）Whathesaysanddoesdonotagree/doesnoconcernme.
（7）Whathesaidisfarfromthetruth.Whattheschoolneedsarequalifiedteachers.
（8）Listeningtomusicmakesmerelaxedafterabusyday.
（9）Toloveandtobelovedisthegreatesthappinessintheworld.
Lovingandbeinglovedareequallyimportant.
2.
（1）Tomaswellastwoofthefriendswasinvitedtotheparty.
（2）Dr.Smith,togetherwithhiswifeandchildren,istoarriveontheeveningflight.
（3）Nobodybutoneteacherandthreestudentswasinthelaboratory.→NotIbutTomistoblame.
（4）Manyapageinthisbookismissing.
（5）Morethanonestudenthasfailedtheexam.
（6）Aseriesofdebatesbetweenthelectureswasscheduledforthenextweekend.
（7）Hewasoneoftheboyswhowerepraised.→Hewastheonlyoneoftheboyswhowaspraised.
（8）It’sIwhoam/youwhoare/hewhoistoblame.
就近一致原则
3.
（1）Oneortwofriendsarecomingthisevening.
（2）NeitherInorheisinfavourofhermarriage.
（3）EitheryouorIamgoingtobeinchargeofthismatter.
（4）Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheirteacherisrequiredtoattendthemeeting.
（5）Thereisadeskandthreechairsintheroom.→Therearethreechairsandadeskintheroom.
（6）Herearesomenewpairsofshoes.
意义一致原则
4.
（1）Twentyyearsisalongtimeinone’slife.
（2）Fortymileswascoveredinasinglenight.
（3）20,000dollarsisnotasmallsumofmoney.
5.
（1）Aboutonethirdofthebooksareworthreading.→Only60%oftheworkwasdoneyesterday.
（2）Thepopulationofthecityis6.8million.→About70%ofthepopulationofthecityareworkers.
6.
（1）Theclassconsistsoftwenty-fiveboysandtwentygirls.→Theclassaredoingcleaning.
（2）Thesetrousersneedcleaning.→Thispairoftrousersismine.
（3）Anewkindofcarsisnowonshow.→Allkindsofdifficultieshavetobeovercome.
（4）Thereisonlyasmallquantityofpaper/booksleft.→
Largequantitiesofwaterareneededforcoolingpurposes.
7.
（1）ThatIshallworkwithyouisagreatpleasure.
（2）Improvingtheproductionprocessisnecessary.
（3）Whathehassaidleavesmuchforustothinkabout.→Whatheleftmearesomeoldbooks.
第三章代词
1.人称代词的用法：
（1）—DoesanyofyouknowwhereTomlives?
—Me.
（2）What!
Me（to）playhimatchess?
No!
（3）Heistallerthanme/I.
（4）You,sheandIwillbeinchargeofthecase.
（5）Heandshestilldon’tagreetotheplan.
（6）Ifanyonearriveslate,they’llhavetowaitoutside.
2.物主代词的用法：
（1）Jacktookoffhiscoatandwenttobed.
（2）Somefriendsofminewillattendmybirthdayparty.
（3）Thatcarofhersisalwaysbreakingdown.
3．反身代词的用法：
（1）TomtaughthimselfEnglish.
（2）Theboyisoldenoughtotakecareofhimself.
（3）Sheisnotquiteherselftoday.
（4）Thetableitselfhasonlythreelegs.
（5）byoneself=alone;
foroneself:
为自己，亲自；
thinkforoneself独立思考；
inoneself：
本质上；
ofoneself自动地，自发地；
behaveoneself注意行为举止；
applyoneselftosth.专心致志于；
besideoneself疯狂，忘形；
seatoneself=beseated=sitdown;
dressoneselfin;
helponeselftosth.;
cometooneself;
makeoneselfathome;
devoteoneselftosth.;
findoneselfin/at…
4.替代词的用法：
（1）Thereisonlyonewatchofthistypeintheshop,soIwanttobuyitforher.
（2）Thisstoryisaninterestingone.
（3）Ihaven’tacomputer.Iwanttobuyonenextday.
（4）Thedictionaryonthedeskismuchbetterthanthat/theoneontheshelf.
（5）TheweatherinBeijingismuchcolderthanthatinNanjinginwinter.
（6）StudentsinClassOnearemorehard-workingthanthose/theonesinClassTwo.
（7）putit/seetoit/dependonit/countonitthat…;
likeit/dislikeit/hateit/appreciateitif/when…
5.指示代词：
（1）Thisisapenandthatisapencil.
（2）Hedidn’t
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