代词讲解及练习Word下载.docx
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teachoneself,learnbyoneself,
enjoyoneself,helponeselfto,
cometooneself,hurtoneself
四指示代词的用法。
1this\these
(1)近指:
Thisismypen.Thesearemypens.
(2)指下文提到的事
pleaserememberthis:
nopains,nogains
2that\those
(1)远指:
Thatisherbike.
Thosearemysheep.
(2)指前面刚刚提到的事
Hewasill.Thatwaswhyhedidn’tgotoschool.
3打电话时用this介绍自己,用that询问对方。
ThisisMikespeaking.Whoisthat?
4that,those常用于比较句型中(as…as同级比较…than不同级比较)
TheweatherinShenzhenisdifferentfromthatinBeijing.
ThepopulationofchinaislargerthanthatofJapan.
Theapplesinthisshoparemuchcheaperthanthoseinthatshop.
五代词it的用法。
1指代前面提到的事物。
Thisisnotmybook.ItisJim’s
2代替指示代词this或that.
---What’sthis?
---It’sapen.
3指婴儿或不明身份的人。
Someoneisknockingatthedoor.Pleasegoandseewhoitis?
4表示时间或季节What’sthetimenow?
It’steno’clock.
5表示天气Whattheweatherliketoday?
It’sfine.
6表示距离.
Howfarisitfromyourschooltoyourhome?
7用作形式主语,常用于下列句型中:
(1)It’s+adj+(for/ofsb)todosth.(对某人来说),做某事是……
It’simportantforustoworkhard.
It’skindofyoutosayso.
(2)It’stimetodo\forthat.
It’stimetogetup\forhunch.
(3)Itseemsthat…看起来好像…
Itseemsthatheisquitehappy.
(4)It’sone’sturntodosth.
It’syourturntosing.
(5)it’s+adj+that从句
It’snecessarythatyoushouldbepresentatthemeeting.
8作形式宾语
Doyouthinkitnecessarytolearntowaitinline?
Hefounditdifficulttofallasleep.
区分几组不定代词。
1some,any.
Some和any均表示“一些”,既可修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。
some一般用于肯定句中。
如:
Therearesomestudentsintheclassroom.
any用于疑问句,否定句和条件句中。
Therearen’tanystudentsintheclassroom.
但在疑问句中,若要表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答或表达请求,征求对方的意见时用some.如:
Shallwehavesometea?
MayIaskyousomequestions?
Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?
Yes,please.
any也可以用于肯定句中,表示“任一”如:
Heistallerthananyotherboyinhisclass.
ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia.
ChinaislargerthananycountryinAfrica.
2much与many
many修饰可数名词,much修饰不可数名词,都可以与表示程度的副词
Therearetoomanymistakesinyourexercises.
Henevereatssomuchbreakfast
Hehasgottoomuchworktodo.
3afew,few.little,alittle(省略介绍)。
口语中常用onlyafew,onlyalittle.表示只有一些或一点,表示相当多quiteafew
---Howfarisit?
---Onlyafewkilometers.
Thereislittletimeleft.Hurryup!
Thereisalittlewaterinthethermos(暖瓶)
4either与neither,
either指两者中的任意一个;
neither指两者中的任何一个也“不”;
常构成固定搭配either/neitherof+名词|代词的复数+谓语动词的单数形式。
Therearetreesoneithersideofthestreet.
Neitherofthebooksisgood.
EitherIoryouaregoingtoAmerica.
Neitheryounorheiswrong,
5both,与all.
both表示(两者)都,常与and连用;
all指(三种或三种以上)都。
BothsheandIarestudents.
Boththeplansaregood.
Allofusshouldgothere.
Theyallagreetostayhere.
6each与every
each和every都表示每一个,each强调个体当它作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,
every强调整体情况,修饰名词时谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式。
另外,
each指两个或者两个以上的人或者物,every只指三个或者三个以上的人或物。
Therearetreesoneachsideoftheroad.
Everystudentpassedtheexam.
EachofuswearsayellowT-shirt.
7none,nothing与noone.
none既可指人,也可指物,常指上文提到的人或者东西,
nothing仅指物,在指代上没有做什么限制,
noone用来指人,多强调个体,后面一般不接of短语。
Therearemanypeopleoverthere.
Iknownoneofthem.
Sheknewnothingaboutit.
--Didanyonecometoseeyou?
---Noone.
8other,theother,another,others,theothers
another指三者或者三者以上的另一个
theother则是指两个中的另一个。
theother,other后面接名词,而theothers与others后面不可以再接名词。
Theothers表示特定范围内出去一部分后剩余的全部。
图解other和another,英语中的不定代词one…theother,one…another,one…theother,some…others,some…theothers和oneafteranother在用法上有如下特点。
(1)表示两个人或者东西中的“一个…另一个这个意思时,用one…theother如图所示:
△…▲Therearetwopensonthedesk.OneisLily’s,theotherisLucy’s
(2)one…another△…▲△△△表示不定数目中的“一个”与“另一个”
Idon’tlikethisone;
showmeanotherone
(3)one…theothers△…▲▲▲▲强调确定数目中的“一个”与“其余的”
Ofthefivestudents,oneisgoinghome,theothersaregoingtothecinema.
(4)some…others表示许多人或物中的“一部分”和“另一部分”(并非全部),
TherearelotsofpeopleintheparkonSunday.Somearewalkingandothersareclimbingthehills.△△△△…▲▲▲▲▲△△△△△
(5)some…theothers表示许多人或物中的“一部分”和“其余的全部”,
△△△△…▲▲▲▲▲”
ThestudentsofClassSevenareworkingonthehill.Somearecarryingwater,somearedigging,theothersareplantingtrees.
(6)表示“一个接一个地”,用oneafteranother.如:
Thestudentscametooneafteranother.
9it,one与that的区别。
it指代上文提到的事物.
Thebookismine.
It’sveryinteresting.
one泛指上文提及的同类事物中的一个,同类而不同物。
Whohasapen?
Ihaveone.
That常用于比较结构中,代替前面的名词,避免重复。
TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinGuangzhouinwinter.
10eachother与oneanother
可通用,只是eachother多指两者之间,oneanother指三者或三者以上之间
TomandMikeknoweachother’sfavorites.
Thethreegirlslikedoneanother.
11either与any
either表示两者中的任一个,
any表示三者或三者中的任何一个。
---Whichdoyouwant,teaorcoffee.?
----Either.
---Whichdoyoulikebest,tea,coffee,orwater?
----Any.
12everyoneeverybody,everything不定代词时,谓语动词用单数形式,后不接of短语。
不说,everyoneofusisstudyinghard.
可说Everyoneofusisstudyinghard.
另外every只做形容词,each可作形容词和代词。
13no与notno只做定语,等于nota或者notany
Ihavenopencil=Ihavenotapencil.
ShehasnofriendsinShenzhen
=ShehasnotanyfriendsinShenzhen.
在禁语中用no而不用not.
Nosmoking.Noparking.
练习第一部分
1ismyson.Doyouliketoplaywith?
AYou;
youBShe;
her
CI;
meDHe;
him
2Thesmithshavevisitedtwofamouscountries.OneisinJapanandisinchina.
AanotherBother
CothersDtheother
3Peopleusuallyputsmallpresents
instockingonChristmaseve.
AeachotherBeachothers
Ceachother’sDeachothers’
4I’llshowyouhowtothrowaFrisbee.Throwlike
Ait;
thisBthis,;
it
Cit;
itDthis;
this
5Didyoufindintheroom?
No,we
foundthere.
Aanybody,nobodyBsomebodyeverybodyCanybodysomebodyDeverybodyanybody
6Wouldyoulikemorecoffee?
AlittleBanyCsomeDanother
7Pleasebequiet,Ihavetotellyou.
AimportantsomethingBnothingimportant
CimportantanythingDsomethingimportant
8Sorry,Ican’tanswerourquestion.I
knowaboutthesubject.
AalittleBlittleCafewDfew
9Sheaskedmenottolendthebookto.
AothersBtheother
CanotherDtheothers
10ofusissuretogetgoodgradesintheexam
AeveryoneBeveryCeachDanyone
11Moneyisimportantinmylife.Butitisn’t
AeverythingBsomething
CnothingDanything
12---CouldIhavesomemilk?
---Certainly,there’sinthebottle.
AlittleBalittleCafewDfew
13---John,someoneinyourclassphonedyouthismorning.
---Whowas?
AheBsheCitDthat
14Thepriceofacupofcoffeeishigher
thanofaglassoftea.
AitBpriceCthatDone
15havealotofworktodo.
AHe,youandIBYou,heandI
CIyouandheDI,heandyou
16--Whenshallwemeetagain?
---Makeitdayyoulike.It’sallthesametome
AoneBanyCanotherDall
17Wefoundimportanttogettherebeforeat8’oclock
AherBitCthisDthat
第二部分练习
1officeismuchsmallerthan.
AOur;
yoursBOur;
yourCTheirs;
our
2“Helptosomemeat,”myunclesaidtome
AthemselvesByourselfCyourselves
3Therearetwentyteachersinourschool.Eightofthemarementeachersandare
womenteachers
AothersBtheothersCanother
4Wewereallasleepamomentago.ofusheardthesound.
AbothBallCneitherDnone
5Acomputerisveryeasytolearn.canlearntouseitinaveryshorttime.
ASomebodyBAnybody
CNobodyDFewpeople
6Deborahalwayshelpsmybrother
andwithEnglish.
AI;
ourBme;
ourselves
CI;
myDme;
our
7David’swordsaredifferentfromIreallycan’tagreewith.
Amine;
himBmine;
he’s
Cme;
himDme;
his
8---CanItalktoyouforaminute,Aggie?
---Sorry,Ihavetime.
AafewBlittleCfewDalittle
9Ofthethreeforeignguests,oneisfromLondon.twoarefromNewYork
AotherBtheotherCsomeDany
10wanttoseethefilm.
AEverystudentsBEachstudent
CAllofstudentDAllthestudents
11Theythreeallverytired,butofthemwouldstoptotakearest.
AanyBsomeCnoneDneither
12Mrswhitehastwochildren,isadriver,andtheisanurse.
AOne;
anotherBOne;
theother
COne;
otherDOne;
other
13schoolismuchlargethan
ATheir;
ourBTheir;
ours
CTheirs;
oursDTheirs;
our
14–HanMeimei,whatabouttoeat?
15Thepearsinmybasketaresmaller
thanJim’s.
AitBthatConesDthose
16---Isreadyforthejourney?
---No,wehaven’tgotacamera.
AeverythingBsomething
17Marypleaseshowyourpicture.
AmyBmineCIDme
18---What’sonTVTonight
Isthereinteresting?
---Iamafraidnot.
AsomethingB