中山大学新理50英语自主学习大厅第四册第一单元E套答案.docx
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中山大学新理50英语自主学习大厅第四册第一单元E套答案
中山大学新理5.0英语自主学习大厅第四册第一单元E套答案
B4U1-E
PartIListeningComprehension（15minutes）
SectionA
Directions:
Inthissection,youwillheartenstatements.Numbers1to6arebasedonTextAwhiletherestarebasedonTextB.EachstatementwillbereadONLYONCE.Listencarefullyanddecidewhethereachstatementistrueorfalse.
1.
A）T
B）F
Script:
WhentheGrandArmyledbyNapoleonattackedRussia,theRussiansfoughtbitterlyagainstthem.
正确答案：
B
2.
A）T
B）F
Script:
ThebattleatSmolenskwasadecisivevictoryforNapoleon.
正确答案：
B
3.
A）T
B）F
Script:
TheRussianczarrefusedNapoleon’struceofferbecauseheknewthatthesevereRussianwinterwoulddefeatNapoleon’sarmy.
正确答案：
A
4.
A）T
B）F
Script:
NapoleonorderedhisGrandArmytoretreatfromMoscowonlybecausetheweathertherewastoocold.
正确答案：
B
5.
A）T
B）F
Script:
HitlerexpectedtoconquertheSovietUnioninfiveweeks.
正确答案：
B
6.
A）T
B）F
Script:
Inanswertothecallofthe“scorchtheearth”byStalin,theRussiansburnedordestroyedtheirfarmsandfactories.
正确答案：
A
7.
A）T
B）F
Script:
ThepurposeoftheNormandyLandingswasonlytofreeFrenchpeoplefromtheoccupationofGermanarmy.
正确答案：
B
8.
A）T
B）F
Script:
Althoughtheweatherof5Junewasbad,GeneralEisenhowergavetheorderoftheinvasionofNormandy.
正确答案：
B
9.
A）T
B）F
Script:
Atthebeginningoftheassault,theGermanarmyweretakencompletelybysurpriseonlybecauseofthebadweather.
正确答案：
B
10.
A）T
B）F
Script:
TheAlliedforcesledbyGeneralEisenhowersucceededintheNormandyLandingsafterovercomingmanydifficultiescausedbybadweather.
正确答案：
A
SectionB
Directions:
Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.
TheWinterWarwasamilitaryconflictbetweentheSovietUnionandFinland.ItbeganwithaSoviet（11）_________________on30November1939andendedon13March1940withtheMoscowPeace（12）_________________.TheLeagueofNationsdeemedtheattack（13）_________________andexpelledtheSovietUnionfromtheLeagueon14December1939.
TheSovietforceshadthreetimesasmanysoldiersastheFinns,30timesasmanyaircraft,andahundredtimesasmanytanks.TheRedArmy,however,hadbeen（14）_________________bySovietleaderJosephStalin’sGreatPurgeof1937,reducingthearmy’s（15）_________________andefficiencyshortlybeforetheoutbreakofthefighting.Withmorethan30,000ofitsarmyofficers（16）_________________orimprisoned,includingmostofthoseofthehighestranks,theRedArmyin1939hadmany（17）_________________seniorofficers.Becauseofthesefactors,and（18）_________________andmoraleintheFinnishforces,FinlandwasabletoresisttheSovietinvasionforfarlongerthantheSovietsexpected.
HostilitiesceasedinMarch1940withthesigningoftheMoscowPeaceTreaty.Finlandceded11%ofitspre-warterritoryand30%ofitseconomicassetstotheSovietUnion.Sovietlossesonthefrontwereheavy,andthecountry’s（19）_________________.TheSovietforcesdidnotaccomplishtheirobjectiveofthetotalconquestofFinland,butdid（20）_________________alongLakeLadogatoprovideabufferforLeningrad.TheFinns,however,retainedtheirsovereigntyandenhancedtheirinternationalreputation.
Script:
TheWinterWarwasamilitaryconflictbetweentheSovietUnionandFinland.ItbeganwithaSovietoffensiveon30November1939andendedon13March1940withtheMoscowPeaceTreaty.TheLeagueofNationsdeemedtheattackillegalandexpelledtheSovietUnionfromtheLeagueon14December1939.
TheSovietforceshadthreetimesasmanysoldiersastheFinns,30timesasmanyaircraft,andahundredtimesasmanytanks.TheRedArmy,however,hadbeencrippledbySovietleaderJosephStalin’sGreatPurgeof1937,reducingthearmy’smoraleandefficiencyshortlybeforetheoutbreakofthefighting.Withmorethan30,000ofitsarmyofficersexecutedorimprisoned,includingmostofthoseofthehighestranks,theRedArmyin1939hadmanyinexperiencedseniorofficers.Becauseofthesefactors,andhighcommitmentandmoraleintheFinnishforces,FinlandwasabletoresisttheSovietinvasionforfarlongerthantheSovietsexpected.
HostilitiesceasedinMarch1940withthesigningoftheMoscowPeaceTreaty.Finlandceded11%ofitspre-warterritoryand30%ofitseconomicassetstotheSovietUnion.Sovietlossesonthefrontwereheavy,andthecountry’sinternationalreputationsuffered.TheSovietforcesdidnotaccomplishtheirobjectiveofthetotalconquestofFinland,butdidgainsufficientterritoryalongLakeLadogatoprovideabufferforLeningrad.TheFinns,however,retainedtheirsovereigntyandenhancedtheirinternationalreputation.
正确答案：
offensive
正确答案：
Treaty
正确答案：
illegal
正确答案：
crippled
正确答案：
morale
正确答案：
executed
正确答案：
inexperienced
正确答案：
highcommitment
正确答案：
internationalreputationsuffered
正确答案：
gainsufficientterritory
PartIIReadingComprehension（25minutes）
SectionA
Directions:
Inthissection,thereisapassagewithseveralblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.
Napoleonsoonrealizedhecouldnotfeed,clothe,andquarterhisarmyinMoscowduringthewinter.InOctober1812,heorderedhisGrandArmyto21fromMoscow.
TheFrenchretreatturnedintoa22.Fromfieldsandforests,theRussianslaunched23attacksontheFrench.AshortdistancefromMoscow,thetemperaturehadalreadydroppedtominus4degreesCelsius.OnNovember3,thewinter’sfirstsnowcame.24horsesfelldeadintheirtracks.Cannonbecame25inthesnow.Equipmenthadtobeburnedforfuel.Soldierstookillandfrozetodeath.TheFrenchsoldiers26,leavingthedeadalongeverymile.
AstheRussianarmywasgatheringitsstrength,theFrenchhadtofleeRussiatoavoidcertaindefeat.AttheBerezinaRiver,theRussiansnearly27theretreatingFrenchbyburningthebridgesovertheswollenriver.ButNapoleon,bya28ofluck,wasabletobuildtwonewbridges.ThousandsofFrenchsoldiersescaped,but29offiftythousanddead.OnceacrosstheBerezina,thetatteredsurvivors30towardVilna.
A）equipmentB）ExhaustedC）TiringD）draggedon
E）retreatF）hit-and-runG）nightmareH）trapped
I）fleeJ）atthecostK）strengthL）limped
M）strokeN）stuckO）escaped
21.______________________
正确答案：
E
22.______________________
正确答案：
G
23.______________________
正确答案：
F
24.______________________
正确答案：
B
25.______________________
正确答案：
N
26.______________________
正确答案：
D
27.______________________
正确答案：
H
28.______________________
正确答案：
M
29.______________________
正确答案：
J
30.______________________
正确答案：
L
SectionB
Directions:
Thereareseveralpassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.
PassageOne
Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Weareallinclinedtobelievethatourgenerationismorecivilizedthanthegenerationthatprecededours.Fromtimetotime,thereisevensomesubstantialevidencethatweholdinhigherregardsuchcivilizedattributesascompassion,pity,remorse（懊悔）,intelligenceandarespectforthecustomsofpeopledifferentfromourselves.
Whywarthen?
Somepessimistichistoriansthinkthewholesocietyofmanrunsincyclesandthatoneofthephasesiswar.Theoptimists,ontheotherhand,thinkwarisnotlikeaneclipse（日食）orafloodoraspellofbadweather.Theybelievethatitismorelikeadiseaseforwhichacurecouldbefoundifthecauseswereknown.
Becausewaristheultimatedramaoflifeanddeathstoriesandpicturesofitaremoreinterestingthanthoseaboutpeace.Thisissotruethatallofus,andperhapsthoseofusintelevisionmorethanmost,areoftencaughtupintheactionofwartotheexclusionoftheideasofit.
Ifitistrue,aswewouldliketothinkitis,thatourageismorecivilizedthanagespast,wemustallagreethatit’sverystrangethatinthetwentiethcentury,ourcentury,wehavekilledmorethan70millionofourfellowmenonpurpose,atwar.Itisverystrangethatsince1900moremenhavekilledmoreothermenthaninanyotherseventyyearsinhistory.
Probablythereasonweareabletodoboth,thatis,believeontheonehandthatwearemorecivilizedandontheotherhandwagewartokill―isthatkillingisnotsopersonalanaffairasitoncewas.Theenemyisinvisible.Onemandoesn’tlookanotherintheeyeandrunhimthroughwithasword.Theenemydeadoraliveislargelyunseen.Heiskilledbyremotecontrol:
aloudnoise,adistantpuffofsmokeandthensilence.
Thepicturesofthevictim’swifeandchildren,whichhecarriesinhisbreastpocket,aredestroyedwithhim.Heisnotheardtocryout.Thequestionofcompassionorpityorremorsedoesnotenterintoit.Theenemyisnotaman;heisastatistic.Itistrue,too,thatmorepeoplearebeingkilledatwarnowthanpreviouslybecausewe’rebetteratdoingitthanweusedtobe.
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