高考英语语法填空定语从句十大经典考点.docx

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高考英语语法填空定语从句十大经典考点.docx

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高考英语语法填空定语从句十大经典考点.docx

高考英语语法填空定语从句十大经典考点

爱琦教育学科教师辅导教案

学员编号:

年级:

课时数:

学员姓名:

辅导科目:

英语学科教师:

授课类型

专题-语法填空定语从句全解(配练习)定语从句十大考点

T能力-写作句型多样化

T能力-写作训练

教学目标

能掌握语法填空中的主要考点和常用固定搭配

(建议2-5分钟)

阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用口号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1~10的相应位置上。

Bodylanguageisusedeverysingledaybypeopleofdifferentnationalitiesallovertheworld.Itisalanguage_1________wordsthatconsistsofgestures,facialexpressionsandbody_2_______(move)thatgreatlyaddto---andsometimesevenreplace---_3________(speak)language.

Bodylanguage_4_________(use)tocommunicatebothattitudesandfeelingsasitisnotalwaysexplicit.Somebodyjumpingforjoyiseasytoseewhilearaisedeyebrowconveyingdoubtiseasiertomiss.

Peopleoftenusebodylanguage5________purpose.Someonewhodoesnotknowtheanswertoaquestionwillmovetheirshouldersupwardsawayfromtheirupperbodyandthenletthemfall,6________(mean),“Idon’tknow”.7__________,bodylanguagecanbeunconsciousaswell.Aperson_8_______isfeelinguncomfortableornervouswilloftenholdtheirbodyinaveryrigidmannerandhaveatightlookabouttheirmouths.Theymightalsocrosstheirarmsandmovein9_______abruptwayresemblingarobotmorethanahuman.Theymightnotevenrealisehowtheyareactingbuttheirbodylanguagewilltellanyonewhocarestolookcloselyenough10_______theyarefeeling.Bodylanguagecanthereforemakepeople’sfeelingsmoretransparentasalthoughwecanliewithwords,itisnotaseasytodosowithourbodies.

1.Without2.movements3.spoken4.isused5.on6.meaning7.However8.who/that9.an10.how

I.名词解释:

定语从句:

对名词起修饰限制作用的从句叫定语从句,定语从句放在名词之后。

关系代词和关系副词:

引导定语从句的词叫关系代词或关系副词。

先行词:

定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

II.关系代词和关系副词的作用:

引导作用:

作为引导词,引导定语从句。

定语从句必须有引导词,但当引导词在定语从句中充当宾语时,可以省略。

替代作用:

关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中替代它前边的先行词。

成分作用:

关系代词和关系副词总是在定语从句中充当一个成分。

III.关系代词和关系副词用法总结:

※判断使用什么关系代词或关系副词的方法是:

①判断先行词指代的是什么。

②看关系代词在定语从句中作什么成分。

③注意相关搭配,如:

是否使用介词;主谓一致问题;先行词有特殊特征时。

 

引导词

先行词

成分

who

主,宾

whom

which

主,宾,定

that

人或物

主,宾,表

whose+n.(=ofwhom/whichthen.)

(=then.ofwhom/which)

人或物

as

人或物

主,宾,表

关系

副词

where(=介词+which)

地点词

when(=介词+which)

时间词

why(=forwhich)

reason

(非常六加三,九个关系词)

解题技巧:

牢记口诀:

“一看是人还是物,二看介词在何处,三看句中作何用,四看是否属特殊”

(建议20-25分钟)

考点1.先行词指人时:

Thewoman________wearsaredcoatisourEnglishteacher.(作主语)

Thewoman________ItalkedtojustnowisourEnglishteacher.(作宾语)

Thewoman________hairisverylongisourEnglishteacher.(作定语)

[检测]

1.ThereisawomanfromLondon_____wantstoseeyou.

2.Heistheonlyoneoftheworkersinthefactorywho_______everbeengivenamedal.2.has

3.Achild_____parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.

4.Hisparentswouldn’tlethimmarryanyone_____parentsarepoor.

5.Iamoneoftheboyswho________(be)neverlateforschool.

6.Theman________youspokeisournewteacher.

7.YoucancomeandstaywithmeforafewdaysasmyfriendTom_____Isharetheflathasgoneabroadforaholiday.

8.Thenumberofthepeoplewhoowncars_______(be)increasing.

9.You'retheonlypersonI'veevermet______coulddoit.

10.Isthereanyoneinyourclass______familyisinthecountry?

1.who3.whose4.whose5.are6.withwhom7.withwhom8.is9.who10.whose

小结:

who&whom

who只指人,代替先行词在定语从句中作主语,也可代替whom作宾语(但介词之后只能用whom;非限定性定语从句中不能代替whom)。

       whom只指人,代替先行词在定语从句中作宾语,常常省去(但介词之后不能省)。

whose(口诀:

定从之中少定语,whose为你唱一曲;whose指人又指物,所属关系要记住。

【说明】whose在从句中作表示所属关系的定语,既可指代人,也可指代物。

指物时表示‘某物的’常可转换为ofwhichthe或the...ofwhich;指人时表示“某人的”常可转换为ofwhomthe或the...ofwhom。

【句型转换】Hehaswrittenabook.I'veforgottenitsname.

 →HehaswrittenabookwhosenameI'veforgotten.

 =HehaswrittenabookthenameofwhichI'veforgotten.

 =HehaswrittenabookofwhichthenameI'veforgotten.

 =HehaswrittenabookofwhichI'veforgottenthename.

 =Hehaswrittenabookwhich/thatI'veforgottenthenameof.

考点2.先行词指物时:

Thehouse_______isbeingbuilttherewillbeusedasameetingroom.(作主语)

Thehouse_______Iboughtlastyearhasthreelivingrooms.(作宾语)

Thehouse_______windowfacessouthisarestaurant.(作定语)

Thehouse_______thewindowfacessouthisarestaurant.(作定语)

Thehousethewindow_______facessouthisarestaurant.(作定语)

当先行词是物时,许多情况下既可以用which,也可以用that引导,但在下列情况下只可以用that,不可以用which:

1.当先行词是不定代词:

all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone时。

Doyouhaveanything________youwanttosayforyourself?

Everything________hehadwaslostinagreatfire.(作宾语)

2.当先行词前有only,any,few,little,no,all,very等词修饰时。

Thisistheverybook________I’mlookingfor.(作宾语)

Theonlything________wecandoistogiveyousomemoney.(作宾语)

3.当先行词是形容词最高级或它的前面有形容词最高级修饰时。

Thisisthetallesttree________Ihaveeverseen.(作宾语)

Thisisthebest________hasbeenusedagainstpollution.(作主语)

4.当先行词是序数词或它的前面有序数词修饰时。

Thistrainisthelast________willgotoShanghai.(作主语)

WhatisthefirstAmericanfilm________youhaveseen?

(作宾语)

5.先行词既有人又有物时(参见VI.)

Doyouknowthethingsandpersons______theyaretalkingabout?

Thevillageandthepeople_______Ivisitedyesterdaydeeplyimpressedme.

Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons______theyrememberedintheschool.

6.当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。

Whichisthebike________youlost?

(作宾语)

Whoistheboy________wonthegoldmedal?

(作主语)

7.有两个定语从句时,其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个宜用that.

Theysecretlybuiltupasmallfactorywhichproducedthings______couldcausepollution.

8.当先行词在主句中作表语,而关系代词也在从句中作表语时。

Shanghaiisnolongerthecity________itusedtobe.(作表语)

[检测]

1.Togetthejobstarted,_____Ineedisyourpermission.

2.Thiswasthefirstlesson_____hegaveusinthecollege.

3.Whoistheman_____shookhandswithyoujustnow?

4.Thisisthedesk_____legsarebroken.

5.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything_____hehadstolentothepolice.

6.Doyouworknearthebuilding_________colorisyellow.

7.Thesecondbook_______IwanttoreadisRedStarOverChina.

8.Isthistheshop_____sellschildren’sclothing?

9.Isthisshopthe_______thatsellschildren’sclothing?

10.Theonlylanguage________iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.

1.allthat2.that3.that4.whose5.that6.whose7.that8.which9.one10.that

小结:

that即可指人,也可指物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语或表语。

口诀:

that用法真有趣,两个地方它不去;逗号后边它不去,介词之后不考虑;)

which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。

口诀:

Thatwhich代表物,区别听我来叙述;先行若是不定代,that就把which踹;

    先行词前有两数,就用that定无误;先行词前最高级,还用that必无疑;

    句中若有therebe,that应把which替;先行主中做表语,避免重复从句里;

   (justtheonlyverysamelast,其后也要用that;

3.先行词表示时间(day;year;month;week;time等):

1.Icanneverforgetthemonth_______IspentinAustralialastyear.(作宾语)

Icanneverforgetthemonth______IstayedinAustralialastyear.(作状语,表示在……时间)

Doyoustillremembertheday_______wefirstmeteachother.(作状语,表示在……时间)

2.先行词是time时,若time表示“次数”时,应用关系代词that引导定语从句,that可以省略;若time表示“一段时间”时,应用关系副词when或介词when或介词at/during+which引导定语从句。

Thisisthesecondtime_______thePresidenthasvisitedthecountry.

Icouldhardlyrememberhowmanytimes_______Ihavefailed.

Thiswasatatime_______therewerenoradio,notelephone,ornoTVsets.

[检测]

1.Istillrememberthedays_____westudiedtogether.

2.September18,1931istheday___________we’llneverforget.

3.Thiswasatime________therearestillslavesintheUSA.

4.Icanneverforgettheday____weworkedtogetherandtheday_____wespenttogether.

5.TheSmithswillmoveintothisnewhousenextSaturday;by_______timeitwillbecompletelyfinished.

6.We’llputoffthesportsmeetuntilnextmonth,_______theweathermaybebetter.

7.Theboss_______departmentMrKingworked10yearsagolookeddownuponwomen.

8.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears_______Ilivedonthefarmwiththefarmers,_______hasagreateffectonmylife.

9.Duringthedaysthat________(follow),heworkedasaservantattheBrowns.

10.Doyouknowtheyear______theChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?

1.when2.(which/that)3.when4.when;which5.which6.when7.inwhose8.when;which9.followed10.when

小结:

when

【经典句式】⑴Therewasatimewhen…曾经一度

     ⑵Thiswasatimewhen…那个时候

    ⑶Gonearethedayswhen…那些日子一去不复返…

【必背典例】Therewasatimewhenhedidn’twanttogotoschool.

                  Thiswasatimewhenbeingasingleparentwasstillconsideredunusual.

        GonearethedayswhentheChinesepeopleusedtheforeignoil.

考点4.先行词表示地点:

LastSundayIwentbacktothevillage_________Iwasborn.

LastSundayIwenttothevillage_________awiseoldmanlivesin.

LastSundayIwenttothevillage________waswrittenaboutinthestory.(作主语)

[检测]

1.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown___hegrewupasachild.

2.Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarm_____wevisitedthreemonthsago?

3.Thereweredirtymarksonhertrousers_____shehadwipedherhands.

4.Iworkinabusiness_____almosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchance.

5.Thecompany_____Ivisitedlastyearwasnottheone____Ionceworked.

6.Iknowaplace_______wecanhaveaquiettalk.

7.GalileolivedinthecityofPisa,_____hasa180-foot-highleaningtower.

8.Perhapsthisistheonlymarket_____youcangetsuchcheapgoods.

9.LastsummerwevisitedtheWestLake,__Hangzhouisfamousintheworld.

10.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof______satasmallboy.

1.where2.(which/that)3.where4.where5.(which/that);where6.where7.which

8.where9.forwhich10.which

小结:

关系副词where(=适当介词+which)表示地点,在定语从句中用作状语。

注意fromwhere引导的定语从句,这里where用作名词。

Hisheadsoonappearedoutofoneofthesecondstoreywindows,fromwherehecouldsee

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