英语专业八级改错题.docx

英语专业八级改错题.docx

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英语专业八级改错题

X.Proofreadinganderrorcorrection（17passages）

Proofreadinganderrorcorrection（10marks）

Directions:

Thefollowingpassagecontains10errors.Eachindicatedlinecontainsoneerroronly.Ineachcase,onlyonewordisinvolved.Youshouldproofreadthepassageandcorrectitinthefollowingmanner:

Forawrongword,underlinethewrongwordandwritethecorrectoneintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.

Foramissingword,markthepositionofthemissingwordwitha“/\”signandwritethewordyoubelievetobemissingintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.

Foranunnecessaryword,crosstheunnecessarywordwithaslash“/”andputthewordintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.

YouranswerSHOULDbeputontheAnswerSheet.

Passage2

Manyofthecomputingpatternsusedtodayinelementary

arithmetic.Suchastheseforperforminglong[1]______

multiplicationsanddivisions,weredevelopedsolateasthe[2]______

fifteenthcentury.Tworeasonsareusuallyadvancedto

accountforthistardydevelopment,named,themental[3]______

difficultiesandthephysicaldifficultiesencounteredinsuch

work.

Thefirstofthese,thementaldifficulties,mustbe

somewhatdiscounted.Theimpressionwhichtheancient[4]______

numeralsystemsarenotamenabletoeventhesimplest

calculationsislargelybasedonlackoffamiliaritytothese[5]______

systems.Itisclearthatadditionandsubtractioninasimple

groupingsystemrequireonlyabilitytocountthenumber

symbolsofperkindandthentoconverttohigherunits.No[6]______

memorizationofnumbercombinationsisneeded.Ina

cipherednumeralsystem,ifsufficientadditionand

memorizationtableshavebeenmemorized,theworkcan

proceedmuchaswedoittoday.

Thephysicaldifficultiesencountered,therefore,were[7]______

quitereal.Withoutaplentyandconvenientsupplyofsome[8]______

suitablewritingmedium,anyveryextendeddevelopment

ofthearithmeticprocesswasboundtobeinghampered.It[9]______

mustberememberedthatourcommonmachine-madepulp

paperislittlemorethanahundredyearsold.Theolderrag

paperwasmadeinhandandwasconsequentlyexpensive[10]_____

andscarce.

Answer:

1.these:

those2.so:

as3.named:

namely4.which:

that

5.to:

with6.per:

each/every7.therefore:

however

8.plenty:

plentiful9.being:

be10.in:

by

Passage3

Itisindisputableinordertofulfillitsmanyfunctions,water[1]_____

shouldbecleanandbiologicallyvaluable.Thecosts

connectedwiththeprovisionofbiologicallyvaluablewater

forfoodproductionwiththemaintenanceofsufficiently

cleanwater,however,areprimarilyproductioncosts.[2]_____

Purely“environmental”costsseemtobeonthisrespect[3]_____

onlycostsconnectedwiththesafeguardingofcultural,

recreationalandsportsfunctionswhichthewatercourses

andreservoirsfulfillbothinnatureandinhumane[4]_____

settlement.

Thepollutionproblemsoftheatmosphereresemblethose

ofthewateronlypartly.Sofar,thesupplyofairhasnot

beendeficientlikewasthecasewithwater,andthe[5]_____

dimensionsoftheair-shedaresovastthatanumberof

peoplestillholdtheopinionthatairneedsnotbe[6]_____

economized.However,scientificforecastshaveshownthat

thetimemaybealreadyapproachingthatclearand[7]_____

biologicallyvaluableairwillbecomeproblemNo.1.

Airbeubiquitous,peopleareparticularlysensitiveabout[8]______

anyreductioninthequalityoftheatmosphere,the

increasedcontentsofdustandgaseousexhalations,and

particularlyaboutthepresenceofodors.Thedemandon[9]______

purityofatmosphere,therefore,emanatesmuchmorefrom

thepopulationitselfthanthespecificsectorsofthenational[10]______

economyaffectedbyapollutedorevenbiologically

aggressiveatmosphere.

Answer:

1.indisputable/\:

that2.however:

therefore3.on:

in

4.humane:

human5.like:

as6.needs:

need

7.that:

when8.be:

being9.on:

for10.than/\:

from

Passage4

Duringthe1970’s,agrownnumberofscientistsstarted[1]______

wonderingwhethersolaractivitymighthaveadirecteffect

intheearth’sweather.Researchhadindicatedageneral[2]______

connectionbetweenthecycleofsunspotsandchangesin

atmosphereconditionsonearth.Untilrecently,scientists

hadbeenabletosubstantiatethelinkwithharddata.[3]_____

Nowaconsensusisdevelopingwhichthereisastatistical[4]_____

correlationbetweensunspotsandclimatechanges.Sunspot

activityhadbeentiedwithdirectionalchangesincertain[5]_____

stratospheric（同温层的）windsatequator.Whenthe[6]_____

windsareblowingwestwardandsunspotactivityisnearan

11-yearpeak,thesoutheasternUnitedStateshasan

abnormalcoldwinter.Theactivityalsoseemstoaffectthe[7]_____

trackoftheNorthAmericanjetstreamandstormsinthe

NorthAtlanticOcean.

Asfarthedatahaswithstoodthetestsofskeptics.Achief[8]____

scientistofthe.NationalWeatherService,whose

businessistosubjectstatisticalcorrelationtovigorous

analysis,isamongthemanyconvertstothenewtheory.He

believesthatwhetherthecorrelationoccurredbychance,it[9]______

shouldhavefailedtestingbynow.However,itpassedwith

flyingcolors,causingmeteorologistsattheNational

WeatherServicereactwithguardedoptimism.Asoneputit,[10]_____

“itcouldbethedifferencebetweenaso-soforecastanda

prettygoodone.”

Answer:

1.grown:

growing2.in:

on3.able:

unable4.which:

that

5.with:

to6.at:

above7.abnormal:

abnormally

8.As:

So9.whether:

if10./\react:

to

Passage5

Despiteoftheirmanydifferencesoftemperamentandofliterary[1]_____

perspective,Emerson,Thoreau,Hawthorne,Melville,and

Whitmansharecertainbeliefs.Commontoallthesewritersistheir

humanisticperspective.Itsbasicpremisesarethathumansarethe

spiritualcenteroftheuniverseandinthemaloneistheclueto[2]_____

nature,history,andultimatelythecosmosthemselves.Without[3]______

denyingoutrighttheexistenceeitherofadeityorofbrutematter,

thisperspectivethusrejectsthemasexclusiveprinciplesof[4]______

interpretationandpreferstoexplaininghumansandtheworldin[5]_____

termsofhumanityitself.Thispreferenceisexpressedmostclearly

intheTranscendentalistprinciplethatthestructureoftheuniverse

literallyduplicatesthestructureoftheindividualself;however,all[6]_____

knowledgebeginswithself-knowledge.

Thiscommonperspectiveisalmostalwaysuniversalized.Its

emphasisisnotupontheindividualasaparticularEuropeanor

American,whileuponthehumanasuniversal,freedfromthe[7]_____

accidentsoftimes,space,birth,andtalent.Thus,forEmerson,the

“Americanscholar”turnstobesimply“Manthinking”;while,for[8]_____

Whitman,the“SongofMyself”mergesimperceptiblyintoasong

ofallthe“childrenofAdam,”where“everyatombelongedtome

asgoodbelongstoyou.”

Alsocommontoallfivewritersisthebeliefthatindividualvirtueand

happinessdependuponself-realization,which,inturn,dependsuponthe

harmoniousreconciliationoftwouniversalpsychologicaltendencies:

first,

theself-assertingimpulseoftheindividualtowithdraw,toremainuniqueand

separate,andberesponsibleonlyforhimselforherselfandsecond,the[9]_____

self-transcendingimpulseoftheindividualtoembracethewholeworldinthe

experienceofasinglemomentandknowandbecomeonewiththatworld.[10]___

Answer:

1.despiteof:

deleteof2./\inthem:

that3.themselves:

itself

4.thus:

nevertheless5.explaining:

explain6.however:

therefore

7.while:

but8.turn/\:

out9.for:

to10./\know:

to

Passage6

Hitlerandhismekilledover5,000,000peoplebecausetheywere

Jewishorwerenottheirdefinitionof“normal”.TheKuKluxKlan

existtodayandopenlyprofessesitshatredtowardsJewsandcolor[1]______

people.Oursocietyisriddledwithsuchhatredbaseduponpeoples’

beliefsandoriginsanditseemsmillionsarefightingeachotherinno[2]______

relevantreasonatall.Idobelievethatwecangreatlyreducetheamount

ofprejudiceinourworldtoday,yetIdonotthinkthatitwillever

completelygoaway.Thesocietyhasseeminglycometoacceptallraces,[3]______

religions,andgenders,andsupposedlyhasachievedpoliticalcorrectness,

yettherewillforeverbeindividualswhodiscriminatedbaseduponthese[4]_____

issues.Theseindividualsoftenformlargegroupsthatrecruitnewmembers

toenforcetheirhatredofthosewithcertainreligionorskintone.[5]_____

Obviously,noonecantellthosepeoplethattheycannothavetheir

ownopinionsorbeliefs,fortheyhavetherighttohatewhomtheylike.[6]_____

However,Ibelieveweneedtoraiseourchildrentoacceptallpeople,no

mattergodtheydoordonotbelieveinorwhatcolorskintheymay[7]_____

have.Ifchildrenareraisedaroundpeoplewhoarenotthesameasthey

are,thentheywillmostlikelynotthinkanythingdifferentfrompeople[8]______

whodonotlookthesameasthemorbelievewhattheybelieve.Ifwe

raiseourchildrentobelieveallpeopleareequaltothestart,then[9]______

prejudicewillslowlydisintegrateovertime.We,asthehumanrace,

needtofocusonnotjudgingpeoplebeforeweknowthemwhotheyare.[10]_____

Today,therearesomanydifferentpeopleinthisworldthatstereotypes

arealmostalwaysincorrect,asmanypeoplechoosenottobefollowers,

buttobeindividuals.

Answer:

1.color:

colored2.in:

for3.Thesociety:

deletethe

4.discriminated:

discriminate5.with/\certain:

a

6.whom:

whomever7.nomatter/\god:

what8.from:

of

9.tothestart:

from10.the