初中英语语法必备.docx
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初中英语语法必备
初中英语语法专题
专题一：
词汇部分（名词、数词、冠词）
A：
名词专项
可修饰名词的常用词：
1）修饰可数名词与不可数名词：
some,any,alotof,lotsof,plentyof
2）饰可数名词的有：
many,（a）few,alarge（great）numberof
3）只修饰不可数名词的有：
much,（a）little,agreatdealof
2、难点
1）名词所有格的归纳
1、astudent'sroom,students'rooms,father'sshoes。
2、Children'sDay
3、afriendofmyfather's
4、atwentyminutes'walk，tenmiles'journey，aboat'slength，twopounds'weight,tendollars'worth。
（说明：
表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用's）
5、amapofChina，theendofthisterm，thecapitalofourcountry,thecoloroftheflowers。
（说明：
无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构）
6、LiLeiandWangFei'sbedroom,anhourandahalf'stalk
（说明：
表示两个名词共有一样东西时，在第二个名词后面加's）
7、Jim'sandPeter'sdesks;Joe'sandDavid'sbooks
（说明：
表示两个名词各有的东西时，在各个名词后都加's。
）
2）名词词语辨析
区别部分名词词语辨析：
I.voice,noise,sound,music
II.home,house,family,country
III.place,floor,room,ground
IV.work,job
3、易错点
1）Helpyourselfto_________.
A.somechickensB.achickenC.somechickenD.anychicken
答案:
C（选择A的同学要注意chicken当鸡肉讲时不可数）
2）________itistoday!
A.WhatfineweatherB.Whatafineweather
C.HowafineweatherD.Howfineaweather
答案:
A.（选择B的同学要注意weather不可数.选择C和D的同学要注意weather是名词,要用what来感叹.）
3）Whichisthewaytothe__________?
A.shoefactoryB.shoesfactoryC.shoe’sfactoryD.shoes’factory
答案:
A.（选择D的同学注意这里不是指名词所有格,而是名词作形容词的用法.类似的用法如:
pencilbox;schoolbag等.）
4）Thisclass________now.MissGaoteachesthem.
A.arestudyingB.isstudyingC.bestudyingD.studying
答案:
A.（选择B的同学要注意,当这种概念名词当“人”讲的时候要做复数处理.类似的还有:
thepolicearerunningafterthethief等）
第二部分：
强化练习
一、单项选择
1、基础题
1.---Whatwouldyouliketodrink,________ororange?
---Orange,please.
A.hamburgerB.chipC.cokeD.icecream
2．---Theyarethirsty.Willyoupleasegivethem______?
---Certainly.
A.somebottlesofwaters B.somebottlesofwater
C.somebottleofwater D.somebottleofwaters
3．The________aregoingtoflytoBeijing.
A.Germen B.Germany C.Germanys D.Germans
4．What’syour_______forbeinglateagain?
A.idea B.key C.excuse D.news
5．---It’sdangeroushere.We’dbettergooutquickly.
---ButIthinkweshouldlet_______gooutfirst.
A.womanandchildren B.womenandchild
C.womanandchild D.womenandchildren
6．---YoucanseeMr.Smithifthereisasign“_______”onthedoorofhisshop.
---Thanks.
A.ENTRANCE B.BUSINESSHOURS
C.THISSIDEUP D.NOSMOKING
7．Aretheygoingtohaveapicnicon_______?
A.Children’sDay B.Childrens’sDay
C.ChildrensDay D.ChildrenDay
8．arecleanedeveryday.
A.OurclassroomofwindowsB.Ourclassroomwindows
C.OurclassroomofwindowsD.Thewindowsofourclassroom
9．Thereisstillorangehere,butpeoplewanttodrinkit.
A.little,littleB.alittle,fewC.alittle,afewD.afew,little
10．Ihaveneverreadanybooksof.
A.Luxun'sB.MarkTwainC.CharlesDickensD.BillGates
1、提高题
1．Twelvewerehurt,butnowerelostinthataccident.
A.person,lifeB.people,livesC.peoples,livesD.persons,life
2．Oneofthefamilyonthebed.
A.photosisB.photoesareC.photosareD.photoesis
3．Therearesomeforeignerstalkingintheroom.Theyaretwo,threeandtwo.
A.Japanese;Englishmen;GermansB.Japanese;Englishman,German
C.Japaneses;Englishmen,GermansD.Japanese,Englishmen,Germen
4．Thesign“BUSINESSHOURS”canbeseenina.
A.shopB.schoolC.parkD.museum
5．mothermadethemhavepianolessons.
A.PeterandAnneB.Peter'sandAnne'sC.Peter'sandAnneD.PeterandAnne's
6．-Pleasehelpmemovethetablein.
-Butthereisnotenoughforit.
A.placeB.floorC.roomD.ground
7．These_________havesavedmanychildren’slives.
A.womandoctorsB.womendoctor
C.womendoctorsD.womandoctor
8．YesterdayXiaoMinboughtanewpairof.Itismadeof.
A.glass;glassB.glasses;glassC.glasses;glassesD.glass;glasses
9．-HowdoesMrSmithgotohisoffice?
-Everymorninghetakesatohisoffice.
A.20minuteswalkB.20minute'swalkC.20minutewalkD.20minutes'walk
10．Iwenttotheshoptobuyadictionary.
A.bookB.booksC.book'sD.books'
11．-Doyouthinksellingvegetables?
-Yes,butmymotherlikesitverymuch.
A.isahardworkB.arehardworkC.ishardworkD.ishardjob
12．Youshouldtakemore_______.Don’talwayssitatthedeskbusydoingyour_______.
A.exercise，exercise B.exercises，exercises
C.exercises，exercise D.exercise，exercises
13．ShewasborninWuhan，butBeijinghasbecomehersecond_______.
A.homeB.family C.houseD.country
14．_____daywe’rehavingtoday!
A.WhatafineB.HowfineC.WhatfineaD.Whatfine
15．WhatdidtheheadmastersayaboutJim’s______?
A.two-monthsholidayB.twomonths’holidays
C.two-monthholidayD.twomonth’sholiday
16．一WhereisDavid?
一Oh,heisreading___underthetalltreeinthegarden．
A．severalpapersB．severalpaperC．apieceofpaperD．apaper
17．一TheInternetissoconvenientthatwecangetall________wewanted.
—That’sright.Itisveryhelpfulinourlivesnow.
A．theinformationB．aninformation
C．theinformationsD．information
18．---WhataboutMr．Black’sspeech?
---Wonderful!
Therewere____peoplethere．
A.alargenumberofB．muchC.agreatdealofD.lots
二、综合填空
Yesterdaymymotherwentintoashoptobuysomefruitandv 1 .Sheputherbasketandherhandbagdownonatableandwenttobuysomeapples.Shewasgoingtopaythemwhenshefoundthehandbagwasgone!
Thebasketwasonthetable,butthehandbagwasnot.Mymotherwasverysurprised.
Suddenlytherewasalotofn2 atthedooroftheshop,andtwop3 camein.Theywereholdingamanandmym4 bag.Oneofthemaskedmymotherhowm5 moneyshehad.
B：
数词专项
第一部分：
知识点分析
一、基数词
1）基数词读法：
年，月，日，时刻的读法，如2007年六月十三日读作：
June（the）thirteenth,twothousandandseven
（主要体现在口语考试和听力题目中）
2）表示一个具体数字时，hundred,thousand,million,billion一律不用复数；在表示一个不确定数字时则用复数。
例如：
Therearethreethousandstudentsinourschool.
Afterthewar,thousandsofpeoplebecamehomeless.
3）在一些表示"一排"或"一组"的词组里；
如：
Theyarrivedintwosandthrees. 他们三三两两的到达了。
4）表示"几十岁"，例如：
Hediedstillinhisforties．
5）表示"年代"，用in+the+数词复数；
二、序数词
1）序数词主要用作定语，前面要加定冠词，例如：
Thefirsttruckiscarryingafootbaskets．
2）序数词有时前面可加不定冠词来表示“再一”，“又一”这样的意思，例如：
We'llhavetodoitasecondtime．
3）注意较为容易拼写错误的序数词及其缩写形式：
one---first,two---second,three---third,five---fifth,eight---eighth,nine---ninth,twelve---twelfth。
缩写形式：
first→1st second→2ndthird→3rd fourth→4thtwenty-second→22nd
4）表示分数时，分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示。
分子大于1时，分母加-s。
例如：
threefourths,onesecond,twofifths
2、难点
倍数表示法
主语+谓语+倍数（或分数）+as+adj.+as
Ihavethreetimesasmanyasyou. 我有你三倍那么多。
3、易错点
1.Wewillhavea_________holidayaftertheexam.
A.twomonthB.two-monthC.twomonth’sD.two-months
答案:
B（选择C的同学要注意应用twomonths’;选择D的同学要注意名词之间有“—“后的组合词当作形容词来用,因此就不用所有格形式了.）
2.._______treesarecutdownintheforestseveryyear.
A.ThousandB.ThousandsC.ThousandofD.Thousandsof
答案:
D.（选择C的同学注意词组记忆的准确性）
3.Oursportsmeetingwillbeheld________.
A.on24,Tuesday,AprilB.inApril24,Tuesday
C.onTuesday,April24D.inAprilTuesday24
答案:
C.（选B的同学是受到中文的影响,要特别注意中英文的差异）
May20th,2002,thetwentiethofMay,2002
注意：
带有数词的名词作定语时，一般用单数形式
aseven-year-oldboy
4.Ourschoolwillholdasportsmeetingnextweek.TomandIwillbeinboys'.
A.800-metres-raceB.800-metresrace
C.800-metreraceD.800metrerace
答案:
C.800来修饰race,有两种表达法，800-metrerace或800metres'race.
5.I'mveryhungry,Ihaveeatentwocakes,wouldyoupleasegivemeone?
A.moveB.threeC.athirdD.thethird
答案:
C.序数词前加不定冠词，表示“又一，再一”，表示another。
6. ofthelandintheworldiscoveredbywater.
A.FourthreeB.ThreefourC.ThreefourthD.Threefourths
答案:
D.此题考查分数的写法，如果分子大于1，分母用复数。
例6 Wewillhaveholidayinthewinter.
A.fourweeksB.afour-weekC.fourweekD.afourweeks
答案:
B.此题为一个四星期的假期，数词+名词用作定语。
第二部分：
强化练习
一、单项选择
1、基础题
1．---Howmanyworkersarethereinyourfactory?
---Therearetwo__________.
A.hundredsB.hundredC.hundredofD.hundredsof
2．About________studentsinourclasscandescribethatplaceinEnglish.
A.three-fifthsB.three-fifthC.third-fiveD.third-fifths
3．---Canyouwritethenumbereighty-fivethousand,sixhundredandtwenty-six?
---Yes,itis__________.
A.856620B.85626C.58662D.58626
4．.WhenwasthePRCfounded?
Itwasfoundedon_________.
A.July1,1921B.October1,1949
C.August1,1927D.May1,1922
5．._______ChinesearelookingforwaystolearnEnglishwellbeforeBeijing2008Olympics.
A.ThousandB.ThousandsC.ThousandofD.Thousandsof
6．MrZhangteachesatMiddleSchool.
A.aNo.5B.No.5C.theNo.5thD.5thNo
7．Johnlivesonfloor.
A.twentyB.twentiethC.thetwentiethD.thetwentyth
8．Hehasworkedonthefarmforyears.
A.twoandhalfB.twoandahalf
C.ahalfandtwoD.twohalvesanda
9．XiaoMaoandDaMaoarein.
A.teamFourthB.theteamFourC.TeamFourD.Fourteam
10．Sorry,hadbeensoldout.
A.42sizeB.Size42C.the42sizeD.thesize42
2、提高题
1．ItissaidthatSARShaskilledmorethan________peopleworldwide.
A.threehundredsB.threehundreds’
C.threehundred’sD.threehundred
2．-Whatdoyouthinkofawar,LiMing?
-I’venoidea.Butit’safactthat_______peoplehadtoleavetheirhometownduringtheWaronIraq.
A.threemillionsB.millionofC.millionsofD.severalmillions
3．Weallthinkthatthe_______centurywillbringusmorehopes.
A.twenty-firstB.twentieth-firstC.twenty-oneD.twentieth-one
4．Bothofthetworulersarebroken.Iwanttobuya_______one.
A.threeB
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