广州市届高三年级阶段训练题英语文档格式.docx

广州市届高三年级阶段训练题英语文档格式.docx

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4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；

每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

MamaandIspendmorningscleaningupthedirtthatblowsintoourhouse.Mamasaysall

thedustisduetothedrought.Thedirtsiftsintoeverything.Itcoversourclothes.Wehavetowashthedishesbeforeeachmeal.WerarelydrivethetruckbecausePapafearsthedustfromtheroadwillruinthemotor.

Whenmysister,Faye,andIwalktoschool,wewearkerchiefsoverourmouthssowedon’t

breatheinthedirt.Ondayswhentheairissobadthattheyclosetheschool,westayhomeand

helpMamaputwetsheetsoverthewindows.Butthedirtalwaysfindsawayin.

LastSunday,therewasnodirtintheair,onlybrightspringsunshineandaclearbluesky.

Afterlunch,PapaheadedouttothefieldtocheckonthecattlewhileIplayedwithFayeinthe

yard.Thetemperaturesuddenlydropped.Ilookedtothewestandsawahugeblackcloudofdust.

Allthebirdsflewaway.“ImustwarnPapa,”Ithoughttomyself.Toavoidherpanicking,Igently

toldFayetogobackinsidewhereshewouldbesafe,andthenheadedofftothefield.

Thestormhitsofast,andinaninstantthedayturnedintonight.BythetimeIenteredthe

cowfieldthefinesandwaswhippingacrossmyface.IscreamedforPapa,hopingmyvoice

wouldleadhimback.

Thedirtandsandstungmyskinlikeathousandbees.AlthoughIwasterrified,Irefusedto

turnback.Mydadwasstrandedandneededmyhelp.Coveringmyfacewithonehand,Igroped

mywaytowardthetruckandopenedthedoor.FirstItriedturningthetruck’slightsonandoff,

hopingthatPapawouldseethemflashing,butthesandstormletnolightescape.ThenIpushedthe

hornagainandagain,soPapawouldhearit.IpusheduntilIhadnomorestrengthinmyarms.

Suddenly,Papa’sfaceappearedatthewindow.Myheartleapedwithsurpriseandrelief.He

openedthedoorandclimbedontotheseatnexttome.Hethenpulledmeintohisarmsandsaid,

“Oh,Iris,yousavedme!

”

Finally,thewindsubsidedandthedustbegantosettle.Dirtwaspileduptothewindowon

onesideofthetruckandhalfwayupthedoorontheother.Papakickedagainstthedoor,opening

itfarenoughtoletusout.

Sandandsoildriftswereeverywhere,butweweresafe.

21．Whatisthemainfunctionofthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A．Itdescribesaproblemthecharactersmustsolve.

B．Itestablishesthesettingwherethestorytakesplace.

C．Itintroducesthecharactersthatwillfollowinthestory.

D．Itexplainsthemotivationsforthecharacters’lateractions.

22．WhydidPapagotothefieldthatSunday?

A．Hewastryingtogettohistruck.

B．Heneededtopreparethefieldforharvest.

C．Hewantedtomakesuretheanimalswerefine.

D．Heplannedtobringinthecattlebeforethestorm.

23．HowdidIrissaveherfather?

A．Bywarninghimtorunaway.

B．Byturningonthetruck’slights.

C．Byguidinghimtowardstheshelter.

D．Byscreaminghisnameatthetopofhervoice.

24．WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeIris?

A．Braveandcalm.

B．Experiencedandconfident.

C．Adventurousandcareful.

D．Fearlessandsympathetic.

25．WhatistrueabouttheMilkyWay?

A．Thereareonlystarsinsideit.

B．Thereisablackholeatitscenter.

C．It’sthebiggestspiralgalaxyintheuniverse.

D．Ittakes100,000yearstogettherefromEarth.

26．Whichofthefollowingisthemainfactorincategorizinggalaxies?

A．Shape.B．Size.C．Numberofstars.D．Distancefromthesun.

27．Whichofthefollowinggalaxiescanbeclassifiedasirregular?

A．WhaleGalaxy—similartotheMilkyWaybothinsizeandshape.

B．CygnusA（3C405）Galaxy—thebrightesteggshapewecanobserve.

C．CigarGalaxy—longandnarrowgalaxythatlookslikeanashycloud.

D．SunflowerGalaxy—galaxywithmultiplearmsradiatingfromitsbrightcore.

C

TheSilkRoadisarguablythemostfamouslong-distancetraderouteoftheancientworld.

ThispassageconnectedEuropeintheWestwithChinaintheEast,andallowedtheexchangeof

goods,technology,andideasbetweenthetwocivilizations.Althoughmerchantscouldmakehuge

profitstravellingtheroad,itwasnotwithoutrisk.

ThemainSilkRoadstartedinChang’an（knowntodayasXi’an）,theearlyHancapital.

Travelerscommencingtheirjourneyfromthiscitycouldtakeanorthernroutethatwouldtake

themacrossChina’snorthwesternprovinces.Afterthis,theywouldfacetheGobiDesert,arguably

thegreatestdangeroftheSilkRoad.

TheGobiDesert,thelargestdesertinAsia,consistsmainlyofrocky,hardearth.Thisfeature

madeiteasierfortraderstotravelacross,comparedtosandydesertsliketheneighboring

TaklamakanDesert.Likeotherdeserts,theGobiDesertisdryandhot,andthereforethebiggest

challengetravelersfacedwasobtainingenoughwaterforthemselvesaswellasfortheircamels.

So,reststopswerecreatedalongtheroute,allowingtravelerstorest,eatanddrink.These

placesalsopromotedtheexchangeofgoods,andevenideas,amongstthetravelerswhostopped

there.Usually,thereststopswereplacedwithinaday’sjourneyofeachother.Inthisway,

travelerscouldavoidspendingtoomuchtimeinthedesert,whichwouldmakethemtargetsfor

robbers,anotherdangeroftheSilkRoad.

OncethroughtheGobiDesert,travelerswouldcontinuetheirjourneyintoIran,Turkey,and

finallyEurope.Whilstthispartofthejourneymayhavebeenlessdangerous,itisnotentirely

withoutitsperils.

28．Theunderlinedword“it”inthefirstparagraphrefersto________.

A．makinghugeprofits

B．travelingtheSilkRoad

C．exchanginggoodsandideas

D．connectingdifferentcivilizations

29．WhywastheGobiDeserteasiertocrossthanotherdeserts?

A．Thedesert’ssurfacewaseasiertowalkon.

B．Camelsfortransportationwereeasiertofind.

C．Itwassmallerandcouldbecrossedinlesstime.

D．Thereweremorenaturalwatersourcesavailable.

30．WhatcanweguessaboutthereststopsintheGobiDesert?

A．Travelerswereofferedfreeaccommodation.

B．Theywerelocatedaroundtheedgesofthedesert.

C．Travelersstayingtherewereoftenattackedbycriminals.

D．Theyweresharedbytravelersfromdifferentcountries.

31．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A．TheoriginsoftheSilkRoad.

B．ThebenefitsoftheSilkRoad.

C．ThedifficultiesfacedbySilkRoadtravelers.

D．TheculturalexchangesamongSilkRoadtravelers.

D

Let’sbeginwiththestory:

KingHierocontractstheancientGreekpolymathArchimedes（阿

基米德）todetectfraudinthemanufactureofagoldencrown.Archimedesacceptsthechallenge

and,duringasubsequenttriptothepublicbaths,realizesthatthemorehisbodysinksintothe

water,themorewaterisdisplaced—makingthedisplacedwateranexactmeasureofhisvolume.

RealizinghehashituponamethodtodeterminewhethertheKing’scrownwasmadeofgoldor

silver,theyoungGreekleapsoutofthebathandrusheshomenakedcrying“Eureka!

Eureka!

”Or,translated:

“I’vefoundit!

I’vefoundit!

Toobad,however,Archimedesprobablyneverutteredthephraseinthatway.

Firstandforemost,Archimedeshimselfneverwroteaboutthisepisode,althoughhespent

plentyoftimedetailingthelawsofbuoyancy（浮力）.Theoldestauthorityforthe

naked-ArchimedeseurekastoryisVitruvius,aRomanwriter,whoincludedthetaleinhis

introductiontohisninthbookofarchitecture.“Vitruviusmayhavegottenitwrong,”saysChris

Schmitt,amathematicianattheUniversityofBerlinandaself-describedArchimedesfan.“The

methodattributedtoArchimedesinthestoryworksintheorysoitsoundsright,butwhenyou

actuallytryit,youfindthattherealworldgetsintheway.”

Infact,Schmittisoneofalonglineofscientists,includingGalileo,whohavereadthe

accountandthought,“Thatcan’tberight.”AsGalileowrote,Archimedescouldhaveachieveda

farmorepreciseresultusinghisownlawofbuoyancyandanaccuratescale.Infact,thesurface

tensionofwatercanmakethevolumeofalightobjectlikeacrownimmeasurable.“Theremaybe

sometruthtoit,”Schmittadds.“Archimedesdidmeasurethevolumeofthingsbuttheeureka

momentwasmaybeduetohisoriginaldiscoveryconcerningbuoyance,nottosittinginthe

bathtubandthenrunningthroughthestreetsnaked.”

MuchlikeNewton’sapple,theexclamationpersistsbecauseoftheenduringpowerofthe

story:

agoldencrown,alifeinthebalance,anakedmathematician.Thesuspectfoundationsofthe

eurekamomenttakenothingawayfromtheword’sabilitytouniquelyandconciselyconveythe

flashofinspiration.

32．Accordingtothefirstparagraph,howwouldArchimedesmeasurethevolumeofthecrown?

A．Hewouldweighhimselfwithandwithoutthecrown.

B．Hewouldweighthecrownfirstandthenputitintowater.

C．Hewouldgotothepublicbathswearingthecrownonhishead.

D．Hewouldsinkthecrownintowaterandmeasurethewaterdisplaced.

33．WhatdidGalileoprobablythinkofthenaked-Archimedeseurekastory?

A．Hebelievedtheword“eureka”wassaidinanothersituation.

B．HesuspectedArchimedesdidn’trunthroughthestreetnaked.

C．HedoubtedArchimedescarriedouttheexperimentindependently.

D．HethoughtArchimedeswouldnothaveusedth