William Butler YeatsWord文档格式.docx

William Butler YeatsWord文档格式.docx

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A.TheArtistasNation‐Builder:

WilliamButlerYeatsandChaimNachmanBialikJohnHutchinson 

DavidAberbach

ThepoetsWilliamButlerYeats（1865–1939）andChaimNachmanBialik（1873–1934）wereamongthebuildersoftheirrespectiveIrishandJewishnationalcultures.Theirlivesandcareerswereinlimitedwaysremarkablyalikeandthrowlightonthedynamicsofculturalnationalism.Eachemergedinanhistoricalwatershed,leadingtotheestablishmentofanIrishstatein1921andaJewishstatein1948.Thoughtheircircumstances,styles,receptionsandfatesdiffered,eachrepresentedap...rofoundmoralvisioninanageofdecliningfaith,expressedhispeople'

ssenseofvictimizationandexposedtheirweaknessesashesawthem.Eachsawhiscultureasbeinghumanistanduniversal,notnarrowlynationalistic.Eachidentifiedwithhisnationforreasonsthatwereinpartintenselyanddisturbinglypersonal.Eachfoundapoeticvoiceinarichheritageofethnicmyth,legendandsymbolbutwasconsciousoftensionbetweentheneedforself‐expressionandnationaldemands.ItisarguedthatthecreativepowersofbothYeatsandBialikweresetfreebythenationalmovementsofwhichtheywereapart,andthatthenationalstruggleforself‐determinationwas,ineffect,mirroredontheprivatescalebythepoetstrivingforartisticfreedomandoriginality.

B.爱尔兰民族解放运动中的叶芝刘建国

WilliamButlerYeatsandTheIrishNationalistMovement

摘要:

从爱尔兰诗人叶芝的政治诗歌出发,分析了诗人的爱国热情、其与民族解放运动领导人之间的关系以及诗人对待整个爱尔兰民族解放运动的复杂情感,指出叶芝不仅是蜚声世界的诗人,而且亦是争取爱尔兰民族解放的卓越战士。

ThepaperisananalysisofthepatrioticfeelingoftheIrishpoet,W.B.Yeats.ByrevealingtherelationshipbetweenYeatsandtheleadersoftheIrishNationalistMovement,itshowsthecomplicatedsentimentsofYeatstowardsthepeopleandtheeventsinthemovement.ItisconcludedthatYeatsisnotonlyaworldfamouspoetbutalsoabrilliantfighterfortheindependenceofIreland.

C.叶芝的爱尔兰神话情结吴国杰

Yeats’ComplextotheIrishMythology

摘要：

威廉·

勃特勒·

叶芝是爱尔兰20世纪最伟大的诗人，他的诗歌渗透着浓烈的爱尔兰情感和明显的爱尔兰因素，古爱尔兰的浪漫神话故事是叶芝诗歌汲取营养的主要来源之一，也只对爱尔兰神话故事的运用有利于帮助爱尔兰人民族集体记忆的恢复，爱尔兰历史的重建，以及爱尔兰民族身份的确立。

WilliamButlerYeatsisoneofthegreatestpoetsin20thcentury.HispoetryischaracterizedbythestrongfeelingforhisnationanddistinctIrishfactors.TheromanticancientIrishmythologyisthemainsourceofYeats’imagination.TheapplicationofIrishmythologyinhispoemscanhelptheIrishpeoplerestoretheircollectivememory,reestablishtheIrishhistory,andreassuretheIrishidentity.

D．Decolonization:

Yeats'

sRevoltAgainstEnglishCulturalColonization张丹

Abstract：

WilliamButlerYeats,awell-knownIrishpoetandplaywright,hasmanyextraordinarypoemsandplayscreatedinfinewiththehistoricaltrendoffightingagainstEnglishculturalcolonialismandrestoringIrishnationalculture.ConfrontedwithEnglishpoliticalsubjugationandculturalcolonization,YeatsactivelydevoteshimselftothecauseofdecolonizingIreland.ThisthesisfocusesonYeats'

decolonizationeffortsbyprobingintoYeats'

politicalactivitiesandliterarycreationinthedecolonizationprocess,andpointsoutthatYeatspreferstodecolonizeIrelandthroughanon-violentliterarypathandhisliterarycreationcontributesalottoIrishindependencefromEnglishculturalcolonization.

Duringtheliterarydecolonizationprocess,YeatsadoptsthemarginalizedcultureandlanguageasweaponstochallengethedominantEnglishcolonialculture.HeupholdsIrishandOrientalsubjectmattersinhisworks,andvigorouslycriticizesthecondescendingattitudeoftheEnglishcoloniststowardsthecolonizedpeopleandtheircultures.HealsorevisesEnglishbyincorporatingCelticwordsandsyntaxintoit,thusdestroyingtheattemptoftheEnglishcoloniststocontroltheIrishpeople'

smindsetsthroughtheimpositionofEnglishlanguage.However,Yeats'

literaryworksbynomeansfunctionasapoliticaldeclaration.HeinvolveshimselfinthefightagainstEnglishcolonialismandcreatesmanypoliticalworks,butthereisnolackofliterarinessinthem.Hisadherencetoliterarinessinhisworksshowsthatheunswervinglyfollowsthenon-violentliterarypathtoachieveIrishindependence.Inhislaterperiod,hemakesincessanteffortstoseekfortheeternityofartwhichalso

embodieshiswishesfortheeternityofhisnation一Ireland.

著名爱尔兰诗人、剧作家威廉·

巴特勒·

叶芝一生创作了许多优秀的诗歌和戏剧，这些文学创作暗合着当时反抗宗主国英国文化殖民和复兴爱尔兰民族文化的历史潮流。

面对英国的政治和文化殖民统治，叶芝积极投身于“非殖民”浪潮中，极力寻求爱尔兰民族文化身份。

本文以叶芝的“非殖民”努力为研究对象，深入探讨叶芝在爱尔兰“非殖民”过程中的政治实践和文学创作。

通过把其文学创作置于后殖民语境下进行观照，分析了叶芝的文学创作对爱尔兰摆脱宗主国文化殖民统治所作的贡献，指出了叶芝对通过文学创作“非殖民”的坚持和其对非暴力文艺路线的追求。

在文学的“非殖民”中，叶芝以相对边缘的文化和语言为武器，与强势的主流英国文化展开平等的对话甚至挑战。

通过对爱尔兰题材和东方因素的赞扬，有力地回击了居于中心的英国殖民文化对处于边缘的殖民地文化的贬低和不屑;

通过对凯尔特语言和英语的混杂使用，打破宗主国英国企图通过语言殖民束缚爱尔兰人思想的幻想。

同时，在“非殖民”过程中，叶芝的文学作品并没有沦为政治的传声筒，而是保持了作品的艺术性，很好地兼顾了文艺作品的形式美，体现了

叶芝对作品文学性的坚持。

在其创作后期，叶芝通过文学创作一直努力寻求艺术永恒，也寄托了叶芝对民族永恒的追求。

E.叶芝早期诗歌中的神话用典MythologicalAllusionsinYeats'

EarlyPoetry张晓伟

叶芝是爱尔兰文艺复兴运动的主要领导人之一，他不仅对于促进爱尔兰文化的发展做出了不可磨灭的贡献，而且对现代英国诗歌的发展也产生了巨大的影响。

他同时也是二十世纪运用神话题材最著名的作家之一。

爱略特曾经这样评价他:

“他是我们这个时代最伟大的诗人，他也是英语诗歌领域中最伟大的诗人。

”1923年，他被授予诺贝尔文学奖。

他的功绩在于他把凯尔特文化和英国文化揉合进他的充满幻想的神话般的诗歌世界之中。

早期创作阶段的叶芝是一个浪漫主义诗人。

他继承和发扬了布莱克运用神话体系创作诗歌的技巧、前拉斐尔派崇古的观点和雪莱热情洋溢的浪漫主义思想。

这些作家的影响使叶芝早期的诗歌语言比较朦胧和神秘，而且使他在早期诗歌创作中经常采用神话用典的方法来达到展示写作意图的目的。

叶芝对古典神话和民间传说进行了深入研究，他在诗歌领域中经常采用神话题材进行创作，并取得了巨大成就。

叶芝神话用典的来源主要是爱尔兰神话，希腊神话，印度神话和一些圣经故事。

叶芝通过采用来自不同领域的神话用典不仅创造了充满神秘色彩的理想生活画面，而且使他的诗歌意象新颖，内涵丰富。

有一些批评家说叶芝是一个逃避现实者，说他的作品是从真空发展起来的，其中没有任何有价值的东西。

但事实并非如此。

经过仔细研读他的早期诗歌之后，我发现叶芝早期诗歌中的神话用典是他诗歌创作成就的重要体现，充分展示了他的艺术才华。

Abstract：

WilliamButlerYeats（1865-1839）,themostoutstandingpoetdealingwithmythologicalthemesin20thcentury,madeindeliblecontributiontoIrishculture.He'

soneofthemostimportantleadersinIrishRenaissanceMovement.HeproducedgreatimpactonthedevelopmentofmodernEnglishpoetry.T.S.Eliotevaluatedhimas“thegreatestEnglishpoetinourtimes...thegreatestoneinEnglishpoetry.”In1923,hewasawardedtheNobelPrizeforLiterature.HisgreatachievementliesinhiseffortstoblendCelticandEnglishculturestogetherandinhisimageryofmythologicalpoeticworld.

InYeats'

earlycareer,manypoetssuchasWilliamBlake,ShelleyandPre-Raphaelitesinfluencedhimalot.WilliamBlake'

sideasofmysticism,thearchaicideasofthePre-Raphaelites'

andShelley'

sromanticideashavegreateffectonYeats.Influencedbythem,Yeatshascreatedpicturesoftheideallifeandhislanguageinhisearlyperiodisdreamy,evocativeandmystic.Inhisearlypoetry,hemakesuseofmanykindsofmythologicalallusionsfromIrishmythology,Greekmythology,HindumythologyandallusionsfromChristianlegends.TheseallusionshelpYeatsimaginesplendidlyandcreatemythologicalandbeautifulworldtocontrastthesordidreality.ThusYeats'

purposesofwritingarerealized.Sotheseallusionshavegreatliteraryvaluetohislaterpoetry.

YetsomecriticssayYeatsis"

anescapist"

andtrytounderestimatehisearlycreationas"

developmentinvacuum"

and"

doesnotproduceanythingtomakehimapoet"

.Infactitisnotreallyso.Afteracarefuland'

seriousstudyofhisearlypoetry,IfindthatYeats'

earlypoetrywithitsrichmythologicalallusionsdisplaysfullyhispoeticalartandbecomesanimportantpartofhispoeticalachievements.

3.Hiswritingstyles

A.W.B.Yeats:

ACriticalIntroductionStanSmith

Anoriginal,yetlucidandaccessibleintroductiontotheoftendifficultpoetryofW.B.Yeats.Nopoetinthiscenturyhasshapedhisworksodirectlyoutofreactiontothehistoryofhistimes.Yeats'

antitheticalvision,hisfascinationwithconflict,energy,turbulenceandthebodilinessofbeing,hissenseofpoetryasadramaticprocess,indicatehowcloselybounduparethestylisticandthethematicdimensionsofhisart.Asapoetofcarnalityasmuchasofpolitics,Yeatsisunexcelled.Theaimofthisbookistoshowwhatanexcitingwriterheis,torevealtherelevanceandcontemporaneityofhiswork,eveninitsmoreesotericaspects,andtomakeitsstudylessintimidatingthanitcansometimesseem.

B.MetaphorsofcenterandperipheryinYeats'

theSecondComingPaulD.Deane

ThispaperexaminesthemetaphoricstructureofYeats'

poemTheSecondCominginthelightoftheLakoff-Johnson-Turnertheoryofmetaphor.Itarguesthatthepoem'

smeaningdependscriticallyuponvariousconventionalmetaphorsofcenterandperipherywhichcombinetodefineaculturalidealoflegitimateauthority.Thepoemexploitsthesemetaphorstocreatepowerfulimagesinwhichsocietyisfirstdecenteredandthenrecenteredintoaninvertedsocialorder.

C.AReader'

sGuidetoWilliamButlerYeatsJohnEugeneUnterecker

ThepoetryofWilliamButlerYeatspresentsunusualproblemsforthegeneralreader.Yeatsdrewheavilyuponmysticalandtheosophicalsystemsofamoreorlessarcanenature.Moreover,heoftenreferredtoeventsinhisownlifeandinthehistoryofmodernIrelandwhichrequireeluciditionforthenon-specialist.AReader'

sGuidetoWilliamButlerYeatsnotonlyprovidesthebackgroundneededforanunderstandingoftheworksbutalsorevealsthestructureofimagesandmeaningsofthevariouslyrics.

D.SymbolisminthePoetryofWilliamButlerYeatsAlanaWhite

Abstract

Thisthe