英语四级阅读练习及答案Word文件下载.docx

英语四级阅读练习及答案Word文件下载.docx

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A） 

doesoriginalresearchtothebasiclawsofnature 

B） 

appliedtheresultofresearchtopracticalproblems

C） 

providesthebasicknowledgeforthepurescientist

D） 

isnotinterestedinpracticalproblems

2.Theexamplegiveninthethirdparagraphillustrateshow 

purescienceoperatesindependentlyofappliedscience

theappliedscientistdiscoverthebasiclawsofnature

appliedsciencedefinesalltheareasinwhichbasicresearchisdone

appliedsciencesuggestsproblemsforthebasicscientist 

3.Finerandfinersubdivisioninthefieldofsciencehasresultedin 

thelossoftheneedforspecialists

greaterinterdependenceofeachscience

greaterdependenceofeachscience

theneedforonlyoneclassificationifscientists

4.Geophysicsandbiochemistryare 

.

examplesofnewspecialtiesresultingfromcombingsciences

totallydependentsciences

amongtheoldestsciencesknowntoman

bothB）andC）

5.“Thehorizonsofsciencehaveexpanded,”（para1）meansthat 

scientistscanseefurtheroutintospace

sciencehasdeveloped 

morefieldofhumanendeavor

thehorizonchangessizefromyeartoyear

scientistshavemadeamachineforenlargingthehorizon

PassageTwo:

Friendsplayanimportantpartinourlives，andalthoughwemaytakethefriendshipforgranted，weoftendon’tclearlyunderstandhowwemakefriends.Whilewegetonwellwithonlyanumberofpeople，weareusuallyfriendswithonlyaveryfew.Forexample，theaverageamongstudentsisabout6perperson.Inallthecasesoffriendlyrelationship，twopeoplelikeoneanotherandenjoybeingtogether，butbeyondthat，thedegreeofintimacybetweenthemandthereasonsfortheirsharedinterestvaryenormously.Aswegettoknowpeoplewetakeintoaccountthingslikeages,race，economiccondition，socialposition，andintelligence.Althoughthesefactorsarenotofprimeimportance，itismoredifficulttogetonwithpeoplewhenthereisamarkeddifferenceinageandbackground.

Somefriendlyrelationshipscanbekeptonargumentanddiscussion，butitisusuallyforclosefriendstohavesimilarideasandbeliefs，tohaveattitudeandinterestsincommon—theyoftentalkabout“beingonthesamewavelength”.Itgenerallytakestimetoreachthispoint.Andthemoreintimatelyinvolvedpeoplebecome，themoretheyrelyononeanother.Peoplewanttodofriendsfavorsandhatetobreakanpromise.Equally，friendshavetolearntoputupwithannoyinghabitsandtotolerantdifferencesofopinion.

Incontrastwithmarriage，therearenofriendshipceremoniestostrengthentheassociationbetweentwopeople.Butthesupportingandunderstandingofeachotherthatresultsfromsharedexperiencesandemotionsdoesseemtocreateapowerfulbond，whichcanovercomedifferencesinbackgroundandbreakdownofage，classandrace.

6.Accordingtotheauthor, 

. 

allthosewhogetonwellwitheachotherarefriends

friendsarecloserthanpeoplewhojustgetonwellwitheachother

everyoneunderstandclearlyhowtomakefriends

everystudentshas6friends

7.Whenwemakefriends，weconsidersuchthingsasage，raceandbackgroundbecause 

itisnoteasytohaveafriendlyrelationshipwithpeoplewhenthereisamarkeddifferenceinageandbackground

thedegreedoffriendshipbetweenpeopleandthereasonfortheirsharedinterestscanvarygreatly

friendsneedtoknowallthesethings

thesearethemostimportantfactorstomakefriends

8.Inparagraph2，“beingonthesamewavelength”means 

usingthesamefrequencywhiletalking

keepingthesamefriendlyrelationshipasotherpeopledo

havingsimilarideas，beliefs，attitudesandinterests

havingthesamebackground

9.Whichofthefollowingisnotimpliedordirectlystatedinthepassage?

Evenfriendsmayhavedifferencesofopinions

Friendsneverarguewitheachother

Itgenerallytakestimeforpeopletobecomeclosefriends.

Someone’shabitsmayannoyhisfriends.

10.Tostrengthenfriendlyrelationship，people 

mustholdfriendshipceremonies

havetoeliminatedifferencesinbackground

shouldmakefriendswiththosewhoareofthesameageandthesamerace

shouldsupportandunderstandeachotherthroughsharedexperiencesandemotions

PassageThree：

Themovementtowardcentralizationofauthorityinstatedepartmentsofeducationhasinsomecasescreatedfrictionwithcommunities，whichregardthismodernpolicyasusurpation（篡夺,夺取）oftheirrights.Constitutionally，therecanbenodoubtthatthestatehasarighttoprescribe（批示）tothelocaldistrictsinanydegreewhichitwill.Legislatures（立法机构）havebeengivenpowerbyStateConstitutionswhichmakethemthemostimportantpolicy-makingagentforeducationinastate.Legislaturesestablishtheframework（机构）foreducation；

theymakedirectappropriationsforeducation；

theycreateeducationalinstitutions；

andtheydeterminewhetherofnotcertaineducationalprogramsaretobeauthorized，expanded，decreased，oreliminated（废除）. 

TheLegislatureusuallyauthorizesaStateeducationdepartmenttoadministeritspolicies.Itmay，however，provideforastateboardofeducationtoadviseitregardingpolicyandtoadministertheeducationalprogram.Thecentralagencymaydefinetheextentofthelocaldistrictandmaydetermineindetailwhatshallbedonewithinthisdistrict.Whilethisistheconstitutionalrightofthestate，thepracticalfactisthatthelocaldistrictconductsitsschoolsinverylargemeasureaccordingtoitsowndesires，andlocalofficersoftentalkuponstatesupervisionasindefensibleinterference

11.Aboutthecentralizationofauthorityinstatedepartmentofeducation，somecommunitiesfeelthat 

theirrightsareimproved

theirrightsareignored

theirrightsareviolated

theirrightsareprotected

12.Accordingtothearticle，whichofthefollowingrightsareNOTbelongtothestate?

Therighttoadministerentranceexamination.

Therighttoexpandordecreaseeducationalprograms.

Therighttobudgetschoolprograms

Therighttocreatededucationalinstitutions.

13.WhatdoestheLegislatureusuallydoinadministeringPolicies?

Itadministerspoliciesbyitself.

ItauthorizesaStateeducationdepartmentadministeritspolicies.

ItisauthorizedbyaStateeducationdepartmenttoadministeritspolicies.

Itauthorizesastateboardofeducationtoadministertheeducationalprogram.

14.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutactualeducationalsituation?

Thelocaldistricthasalotofcontroloveritsschools

Thecentralagencymayextendtheextentofthelocaldistricts

Statesupervisionisnotalwayswelcometolocaldistricts.

LocalofficersforbidStatesupervisioniftheythinkitisakindofinterference

15.whichofthefollowingtitlescanbestsummarizethearticle?

TheLegislatureAdministersitsPolicies

TheCentralizationofAuthorityinStateDepartmentofEducation

TheRoleoftheStateinEducation

TheRightsoftheLocalDistricts

PassageFour：

Somepeoplebelievedthatinternationalsportcreatesgoodwillbetweenthenationsandthatifcountriesplaygamestogethertheywilllearntolivetogether.Otherssaythattheoppositeistrue：

thoseinternationalcontestsencouragefalsenationalprideandleadtomisunderstandingandhatred.Thereisprobablysometruthinbotharguments，butinrecentyearstheOlympicGameshavedonelittletosupporttheviewthatsportsencourageinternationalbrotherhood.Notonlywastherecentincidentoftragedyinvolvingmurderofathletes，buttheGameswerealsoruinedbylesserincidentscausedprincipallybymi-nornat