鹿特丹规则英文版.docx

鹿特丹规则英文版.docx

《鹿特丹规则英文版.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《鹿特丹规则英文版.docx（50页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

鹿特丹规则英文版

UnitedNationsConventiononContractsfortheInternationalCarriageofGoodsWhollyorPartlybySea

TheStatesPartiestothisConvention,

ReaffirmingtheirbeliefthatinternationaltradeonthebasisofequalityandmutualbenefitisanimportantelementinpromotingfriendlyrelationsamongStates,

Convincedthattheprogressiveharmonizationandunificationofinternationaltradelaw,inreducingorremovinglegalobstaclestotheflowofinternationaltrade,significantlycontributestouniversaleconomiccooperationamongallStatesonabasisofequality,equityandcommoninterest,andtothewell-beingofallpeoples,

RecognizingthesignificantcontributionoftheInternationalConventionfortheUnificationofCertainRulesofLawrelatingtoBillsofLading,signedinBrusselson25August1924,anditsProtocols,andoftheUnitedNationsConventionontheCarriageofGoodsbySea,signedinHamburgon31March1978,totheharmonizationofthelawgoverningthecarriageofgoodsbysea,

Mindfulofthetechnologicalandcommercialdevelopmentsthathavetakenplacesincetheadoptionofthoseconventionsandoftheneedtoconsolidateandmodernizethem,

Notingthatshippersandcarriersdonothavethebenefitofabindinguniversalregimetosupporttheoperationofcontractsofmaritimecarriageinvolvingothermodesoftransport,

Believingthattheadoptionofuniformrulestogoverninternationalcontractsofcarriagewhollyorpartlybyseawillpromotelegalcertainty,improvetheefficiencyofinternationalcarriageofgoodsandfacilitatenewaccessopportunitiesforpreviouslyremotepartiesandmarkets,thusplayingafundamentalroleinpromotingtradeandeconomicdevelopment,bothdomesticallyandinternationally,

Haveagreedasfollows:

CHAPTER1.GENERALPROVISIONS

Article1.Definitions

ForthepurposesofthisConvention:

1.“Contractofcarriage”meansacontractinwhichacarrier,againstthepaymentoffreight,undertakestocarrygoodsfromoneplacetoanother.Thecontractshallprovideforcarriagebyseaandmayprovideforcarriagebyothermodesoftransportinadditiontotheseacarriage.

2.“Volumecontract”meansacontractofcarriagethatprovidesforthecarriageofaspecifiedquantityofgoodsinaseriesofshipmentsduringanagreedperiodoftime.Thespecificationofthequantitymayincludeaminimum,amaximumoracertainrange.

3.“Linertransportation”meansatransportationservicethatisofferedtothepublicthroughpublicationorsimilarmeansandincludestransportationbyshipsoperatingonaregularschedulebetweenspecifiedportsinaccordancewithpubliclyavailabletimetablesofsailingdates.

4.“Non-linertransportation”meansanytransportationthatisnotlinertransportation.

5.“Carrier”meansapersonthatentersintoacontractofcarriagewithashipper.

6.（a）“Performingparty”meansapersonotherthanthecarrierthatperformsorundertakestoperformanyofthecarrier’sobligationsunderacontractofcarriagewithrespecttothereceipt,loading,handling,stowage,carriage,care,unloadingordeliveryofthegoods,totheextentthatsuchpersonacts,eitherdirectlyorindirectly,atthecarrier’srequestorunderthecarrier’ssupervisionorcontrol.

（b）“Performingparty”doesnotincludeanypersonthatisretained,directlyorindirectly,byashipper,byadocumentaryshipper,bythecontrollingpartyorbytheconsigneeinsteadofbythecarrier.

7.“Maritimeperformingparty”meansaperformingpartytotheextentthatitperformsorundertakestoperformanyofthecarrier’sobligationsduringtheperiodbetweenthearrivalofthegoodsattheportofloadingofashipandtheirdeparturefromtheportofdischargeofaship.Aninlandcarrierisamaritimeperformingpartyonlyifitperformsorundertakestoperformitsservicesexclusivelywithinaportarea.

8.“Shipper”meansapersonthatentersintoacontractofcarriagewithacarrier.

9.“Documentaryshipper”meansaperson,otherthantheshipper,thatacceptstobenamedas“shipper”inthetransportdocumentorelectronictransportrecord.

10.“Holder”means:

（a）Apersonthatisinpossessionofanegotiabletransportdocument;and（i）ifthedocumentisanorderdocument,isidentifiedinitastheshipperortheconsignee,oristhepersontowhichthedocumentisdulyendorsed;or（ii）ifthedocumentisablankendorsedorderdocumentorbearerdocument,isthebearerthereof;or

（b）Thepersontowhichanegotiableelectronictransportrecordhasbeenissuedortransferredinaccordancewiththeproceduresreferredtoinarticle9,paragraph1.

11.“Consignee”meansapersonentitledtodeliveryofthegoodsunderacontractofcarriageoratransportdocumentorelectronictransportrecord.

12.“Rightofcontrol”ofthegoodsmeanstherightunderthecontractofcarriagetogivethecarrierinstructionsinrespectofthegoodsinaccordancewithchapter10.

13.“Controllingparty”meansthepersonthatpursuanttoarticle51isentitledtoexercisetherightofcontrol.

14.“Transportdocument”meansadocumentissuedunderacontractofcarriagebythecarrierthat:

（a）Evidencesthecarrier’soraperformingparty’sreceiptofgoodsunderacontractofcarriage;and

（b）Evidencesorcontainsacontractofcarriage.

15.“Negotiabletransportdocument”meansatransportdocumentthatindicates,bywordingsuchas“toorder”or“negotiable”orotherappropriatewordingrecognizedashavingthesameeffectbythelawapplicabletothedocument,thatthegoodshavebeenconsignedtotheorderoftheshipper,totheorderoftheconsignee,ortobearer,andisnotexplicitlystatedasbeing“nonnegotiable”or“notnegotiable”.

16.“Non-negotiabletransportdocument”meansatransportdocumentthatisnotanegotiabletransportdocument.

17.“Electroniccommunication”meansinformationgenerated,sent,receivedorstoredbyelectronic,optical,digitalorsimilarmeanswiththeresultthattheinformationcommunicatedisaccessiblesoastobeusableforsubsequentreference.

18.“Electronictransportrecord”meansinformationinoneormoremessagesissuedbyelectroniccommunicationunderacontractofcarriagebyacarrier,includinginformationlogicallyassociatedwiththeelectronictransportrecordbyattachmentsorotherwiselinkedtotheelectronictransportrecordcontemporaneouslywithorsubsequenttoitsissuebythecarrier,soastobecomepartoftheelectronictransportrecord,that:

（a）Evidencesthecarrier’soraperformingparty’sreceiptofgoodsunderacontractofcarriage;and

（b）Evidencesorcontainsacontractofcarriage.

19.“Negotiableelectronictransportrecord”meansanelectronictransportrecord:

（a）Thatindicates,bywordingsuchas“toorder”,or“negotiable”,orotherappropriatewordingrecognizedashavingthesameeffectbythelawapplicabletotherecord,thatthegoodshavebeenconsignedtotheorderoftheshipperortotheorderoftheconsignee,andisnotexplicitlystatedasbeing“non-negotiable”or“notnegotiable”;and

（b）Theuseofwhichmeetstherequirementsofarticle9,paragraph1.

20.“Non-negotiableelectronictransportrecord”meansanelectronictransportrecordthatisnotanegotiableelectronictransportrecord.

21.The“issuance”ofanegotiableelectronictransportrecordmeanstheissuanceoftherecordinaccordancewithproceduresthatensurethattherecordissubjecttoexclusivecontrolfromitscreationuntilitceasestohaveanyeffectorvalidity.

22.The“transfer”ofanegotiableelectronictransportrecordmeansthetransferofexclusivecontrolovertherecord.

23.“Contractparticulars”meansanyinformationrelatingtothecontractofcarriageortothegoods（includingterms,notations,signaturesandendorsements）thatisinatransportdocumentoranelectronictransportrecord.

24.“Goods”meansthewares,merchandise,andarticlesofeverykindwhatsoeverthatacarrierundertakestocarryunderacontractofcarriageandincludesthepackingandanyequipmentandcontainernotsuppliedbyoronbehalfofthecarrier.

25.“Ship”meansanyvesselusedtocarrygoodsbysea.

26.“Container”meansanytypeofcontainer,transportabletankorflat,swapbody,oranysimilarunitloadusedtoconsolidategoods,andanyequipmentancillarytosuchunitload.

27.“Vehicle”meansaroadorrailroadcargovehicle.

28.“Freight”meanstheremunerationpayabletothecarrierforthecarriageofgoodsunderacontractofcarriage.

29.“Domicile”means（a）aplacewhereacompanyorotherlegalpersonorassociationofnaturalorlegalpersonshasits（i）statutoryseatorplaceofincorporationorcentralregisteredoffice,whicheverisapplicable,（ii）centraladministrationor（iii）principalplaceofbusiness,and（b）thehabitualresidenceofanaturalperson.

30.“Competentcourt”meansacourtinaContractingStatethat,accordingtotherulesontheinternalallocationofjurisdictionamongthecourtsofthatState,mayexercisejurisdictionoverthedispute.

Article2.InterpretationofthisConvention

IntheinterpretationofthisConvention,regardistobehadtoitsinternationalcharacterandtotheneedtopromoteuniformityinitsapplicationandtheobservanceofgoodfaithininternationaltrade.

Article3.Formrequirements

Thenotices,confirmation,consent,agreement,declarationandothercommunicationsreferredtoinarticles19,paragraph2;23,paragraphs1to4;36,subparagraphs1（b）,（c）and（d）;40,subparagraph4（b）;44;48,paragraph3;51,subparagraph1（b）;59,paragraph1;63;66;67,paragraph2;75,paragraph4;and80,paragraphs2and5,shallbeinwriting.Electroniccommunicationsmaybeusedforthesepurposes,providedthattheuseofsuchmeansiswiththec