英语演讲TelevisionNewsCoverageWord文档格式.docx
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Nonationdependsmoreontheintelligentjudgmentofitscitizens。
Nomediumhasamoreprofoundinfluenceoverpublicopinion。
Nowhereinoursystemaretherefewerchecksonvastpower。
So，nowhereshouldtherebemoreconscientiousresponsibilityexercisedthanbythenewsmedia。
Thequestionis，"
Arewedemandingenoughofourtelevisionnewspresentations?
"
"
Andarethemenofthismediumdemandingenoughofthemselves?
Mondaynightaweekago，PresidentNixondeliveredthemostimportantaddressofhisAdministration，oneofthemostimportantofourdecade。
HissubjectwasVietnam。
Myhope，ashisatthattime，wastorallytheAmericanpeopletoseetheconflictthroughtoalastingandjustpeaceinthePacific。
For32minutes，hereasonedwithanationthathassufferedalmostathirdofamillioncasualtiesinthelongestwarinitshistory。
WhenthePresidentcompletedhisaddress--anaddress，incidentally，thathespentweeksinthepreparationof--hiswordsandpoliciesweresubjectedtoinstantanalysisandquerulouscriticism。
Theaudienceof70millionAmericansgatheredtohearthePresidentoftheUnitedStateswasinheritedbyasmallbandofnetworkcommentatorsandself-appointedanalysts，themajorityofwhomexpressedinonewayoranothertheirhostilitytowhathehadtosay。
Itwasobviousthattheirmindsweremadeupinadvance。
ThosewhorecallthefumblingandgropingthatfollowedPresidentJohnson’sdramaticdisclosureofhisintentionnottoseekanothertermhaveseenthesemeninagenuinestateofnonpreparedness。
Thiswasnotit。
OnecommentatortwicecontradictedthePresident’sstatementabouttheexchangeofcorrespondencewithHoChiMinh。
AnotherchallengedthePresident’sabilitiesasapolitician。
AthirdassertedthatthePresidentwasfollowingaPentagonline。
Others，bytheexpressionsontheirfaces，thetoneoftheirquestions，andthesarcasmoftheirresponses，madecleartheirsharpdisapproval。
ToguaranteeinadvancethatthePresident’spleafornationalunitywouldbechallenged，onenetworktrottedoutAverellHarrimanfortheoccasion。
ThroughoutthePresident'
saddress，hewaitedinthewings。
WhenthePresidentconcluded，Mr。
Harrimanrecitedperfectly。
HeattackedtheThieuGovernmentasunrepresentative;
hecriticizedthePresident’sspeechforvariousdeficiencies;
hetwiceissuedacalltotheSenateForeignRelationsCommitteetodebateVietnamonceagain;
hestatedhisbeliefthattheVietcongorNorthVietnamesedidnotreallywantmilitarytake-overofSouthVietnam;
andhetoldalittleanecdoteabouta“very，veryresponsible”fellowhehadmetintheNorthVietnamesedelegation。
Allinall，Mr。
HarrisonofferedabroadrangeofgratuitousadvicechallengingandcontradictingthepoliciesoutlinedbythePresidentoftheUnitedStates。
WherethePresidenthadissuedacallforunity，Mr。
Harrimanwasencouragingthecountrynottolistentohim。
AwordaboutMr。
Harriman。
For10monthshewasAmerica’schiefnegotiatorattheParispeacetalks--aperiodinwhichtheUnitedStatesswappedsomeofthegreatestmilitaryconcessionsinthehistoryofwarfareforanenemyagreementontheshapeofthebargainingtable。
LikeColeridge’sAncientMariner，Mr。
Harrimanseemstobeundersomeheavycompulsiontojustifyhisfailurestoanyonewhowilllisten。
Andthenetworkshaveshownthemselveswillingtogivehimalltheairtimehedesires。
NoweveryAmericanhasarighttodisagreewiththePresidentoftheUnitedStatesandtoexpresspubliclythatdisagreement。
ButthePresidentoftheUnitedStateshasarighttocommunicatedirectlywiththepeoplewhoelectedhim，andthepeopleofthiscountryhavetherighttomakeuptheirownmindsandformtheirownopinionsaboutaPresidentialaddresswithouthavingaPresident’swordsandthoughtscharacterizedthroughtheprejudicesofhostilecriticsbeforetheycanevenbedigested。
WhenWinstonChurchillralliedpublicopiniontostaythecourseagainstHitler’sGermany，hedidn’thavetocontendwithagaggleofcommentatorsraisingdoubtsaboutwhetherhewasreadingpublicopinionright，orwhetherBritainhadthestaminatoseethewarthrough。
WhenPresidentKennedyralliedthenationintheCubanmissilecrisis，hisaddresstothepeoplewasnotchewedoverbyaroundtableofcriticswhodisparagedthecourseofactionhe’daskedAmericatofollow。
ThepurposeofmyremarkstonightistofocusyourattentiononthislittlegroupofmenwhonotonlyenjoyarightofinstantrebuttaltoeveryPresidentialaddress，but，moreimportantly，wieldafreehandinselecting，presenting，andinterpretingthegreatissuesinournation。
First，let’sdefinethatpower。
Atleast40millionAmericanseverynight，it’sestimated，watchthenetworknews。
SevenmillionofthemviewA。
B。
C。
，theremainderbeingdividedbetweenN。
andC。
S。
AccordingtoHarrispollsandotherstudies，formillionsofAmericansthenetworksarethesolesourceofnationalandworldnews。
InWillRoger’sobservation，whatyouknewwaswhatyoureadinthenewspaper。
TodayforgrowingmillionsofAmericans，it’swhattheyseeandhearontheirtelevisionsets。
Nowhowisthisnetworknewsdetermined?
Asmallgroupofmen，numberingperhapsnomorethanadozenanchormen，commentators，andexecutiveproducers，settleuponthe20minutesorsooffilmandcommentarythat’storeachthepublic。
Thisselectionismadefromthe90to180minutesthatmaybeavailable。
Theirpowersofchoicearebroad。
Theydecidewhat40to50millionAmericanswilllearnoftheday’seventsinthenationandintheworld。
Wecannotmeasurethispowerandinfluencebythetraditionaldemocraticstandards，forthesemencancreatenationalissuesovernight。
Theycanmakeorbreakbytheircoverageandcommentaryamoratoriumonthewar。
Theycanelevatemenfromobscuritytonationalprominencewithinaweek。
Theycanrewardsomepoliticianswithnationalexposureandignoreothers。
FormillionsofAmericansthenetworkreporterwhocoversacontinuingissue--liketheABMorcivilrights--becomes，ineffect，thepresidingjudgeinanationaltrialbyjury。
Itmustberecognizedthatthenetworkshavemadeimportantcontributionstothenationalknowledge--throughnews，documentaries，andspecials。
Theyhaveoftenusedtheirpowerconstructivelyandcreativelytoawakenthepublicconsciencetocriticalproblems。
Thenetworksmadehungerandblacklungdiseasenationalissuesovernight。
TheTVnetworkshavedonewhatnoothermediumcouldhavedoneintermsofdramatizingthehorrorsofwar。
Thenetworkshavetackledourmostdifficultsocialproblemswithadirectnessandanimmediacythat’sthegiftoftheirmedium。
Theyfocusthenation’sattentiononitsenvironmentalabuses--onpollutionintheGreatLakesandthethreatenedecologyoftheEverglades。
ButitwasalsothenetworksthatelevatedStokelyCarmichaelandGeorgeLincolnRockwellfromobscuritytonationalprominence。
Noristheirpowerconfinedtothesubstantive。
Araisedeyebrow，aninflectionofthevoice，acausticremarkdroppedinthemiddleofabroadcastcanraisedoubtsinamillionmindsabouttheveracityofapublicofficialorthewisdomofaGovernmentpolicy。
OneFederalCommunicationsCommissionerconsidersthepowersofthenetworksequaltothatoflocal，state，andFederalGovernmentsallcombined。
CertainlyitrepresentsaconcentrationofpoweroverAmericanpublicopinionunknowninhistory。
NowwhatdoAmericansknowofthemenwhowieldthispower?
Ofthemenwhoproduceanddirectthenetworknews，thenationknowspracticallynothing。
Ofthecommentators，mostAmericansknowlittleotherthanthattheyreflectanurbaneandassuredpresenceseeminglywell-informedoneveryimportantmatter。
WedoknowthattoamanthesecommentatorsandproducersliveandworkinthegeographicalandintellectualconfinesofWashington，D。
，orNewYorkCity，thelatterofwhichJamesRestontermsthemostunrepresentativecommunityintheentireUnitedStates。
Bothcommunitiesbaskintheirownprovincialism，theirownparochialism。
Wecandeducethatthesemenreadthesamenewspapers。
Theydrawtheirpoliticalandsocialviewsfromthesamesources。
Worse，theytalkconstantlytooneanother，therebyprovidingartificialreinforcementtotheirsharedviewpoints。
Dotheyallowtheirbiasestoinfluencetheselectionandpresentationofthenews?
DavidBrinkleystatesobjectivityisimpossibletonormalhumanbehavior。
Rather，hesays，weshouldstriveforfairness。
Anotheranchormanonanetworknewsshowcontends，andIquote:
“Youcan’texpungeallyourprivateconvictionsjustbecauseyousitinaseatlikethisandacamerastartstostareatyou。
Ithinkyourprogramhastoreflectwhatyourbasicfeelingsare。
I’llpleadguiltytothat。
”
Lessthanaweekbeforethe1968election，thissamecommentatorchargedthatPresidentNixon’scampaigncommitmentswerenomoredurablethancampaignballoons。
Heclaimedthat，wereitnotforthefearofhostilereaction，RichardNixonwouldbegivinginto，andIquotehimexactly，“hisnaturalinstincttosmashtheenemywithacluborgoafterhimwithameataxe。
Hadthisslanderbeenmadebyonepoliticalcandidateaboutanother，itwouldhavebeendismissedbymostcommentatorsasapartisanattack。
Butthisattackemanatedfromtheprivilegedsanctuaryofan
升级会员 