音标入门讲解文档格式.doc

音标入门讲解文档格式.doc

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pentenbestbegeggnet

breadheaven

marryanymany

音标对比：

[i][e]

sitset

liftleft

diddead

[ə]

发音组合：

aeror

appearariseagainalikeamanapen

teachermotherbrotherdriveranger

doctoractortutorfamousjealous

（2）中元音：

[ə:

][ə]

[ə:

]

orirerurear

workworkerworm

birddirtaffirm

term

burnsurf

pearllearn

（3）后元音:

[a:

][ʌ][u:

][u][ɔ:

][ɔ]

[ʌ]

uo

upcutbutbusluckbutter

monkonion

[a:

]

arearal

fardarkhartfarmgardenbar

heart

half

][ʌ]

fastfun

hartbut

cardcut

[u]

oouou

footgoodcooktook

pullfullbull

should

[u:

oooouu

foodfoolboomcoolpoolshoot

tombgroup

blueclueruletruthconclude

[u:

][u]

footfood

bootbook

coolcould

[ɔ]

o

oxonnotcoprothotlot

[ɔ:

][ɔ]

sortdog

tortnod

shortshop

aooawouoreauorar

talkballhallcall

doorfloor

lawsaw

boughtfoughtthoughttought

beforeignore

caughtnaughtynautical

forcebornsort

warn

（二）双元音

（1）合口双元音为:

[ei][ai][ɔɪ][au][əu]

][ei][e]

ateightbed

batbadeset

lablatepen

sandsamehen

[ei]

eiaaiay

eight

cakefatesnakelakemakename

paidmain

daymay

[æ

][ai]

batbite

backbike

lampline

sacksign

[ai]

yiuy

crydrymy

kitehighbiketightfinetime

buyguy

[ɔɪ]

[ɔɪ][ɔ]

boyboss

toytop

spoilstop

oyoi

toyboyloyal

noisevoicepointsoilcoin

[au][ai]

nownight

cowkite

soundside

[au]

ouow

housesoundoutnoun

bowtownnowtower

[au][əu]

howhole

loudload

[əu]

oowoa

hostnosetoneholenote

bowlknowlowown

boatcoat

（2）集中双元音为：

[iə][ɛə][uə]

[iə][il]

herehill

fearfeel

deardeal

[iə]

eerearere

beerdeer

hearnearfear

here

[ɛə]

[ɛə][aiə]

hairhire

farefire

sparespire

airearareere

hairfairairchair

bearswear

darehare

there

[uə][əu]

poorpost

suresold

lureload

[uə]

oorureour

poor

luresure

tour

二、辅音

（一）爆破音:

[p][b][t][d][k][g]

[b]

b

birdbedbagbigbuybakebillbearbook

[p]

p

paypipeputpiepeach

sportspeedspend

[d]

d

dodiddoesdeerdatedigdoom

needbedclimbed

[t]

t

teateacherteamtaretanktip

itmeetcatfatetentboat

studentstandstick

[g]

g

geesegogapget

bigbagbeg

[k]

ckck

cakecarcancatcome

kiteskykeep

pickback

（二）摩擦音:

[f][v][θ][ð

][ʃ][ʒ]

[s][z][h][r]

[v]

v

votevinevatvailveryvase

leavefive

[f]

fph

fivefirstlifefinefatfailfairfall

telephonephoneticsphoto

[ð

th

thisthatthesethosethenthanthough

[θ]

thinkteeththickthemethank

bothtoothtruthfifthmouthfaith

[θ][ð

]

thickthis

themethan

teeththey

deaththese

[ʒ]

s

pleasureusualleisuremeasure

[ʃ]

shsssch

shipfishsheetsheepdish

sureensure

assure

machine

[z]

zs

zooprizezeal

raisekneeseyes

[s]

sc

seemsetseeksaysee

booksdensemousecups

faceiceraceprice

[r]

rwr

raceredricerainright

freefrypray

wrongwrite

[h]

hwh（wh在元音字母o前才发此音）

hothomehousehorsehatehigh

wholewhowhosewhom

（三）破擦音:

[tʃ][dʒ][tr][dr][ts][dz]

[dʒ]

jgdg

jeepjokejewjuice

ginchange

jodgejudge

音标对比：

[tʃ][dʒ]

chargejudge

choicejoin

matchpage

[tʃ]

ch

cheapchildchestchokecheck

catchwatch

[t][ʃ]

cheapship

choseshoes

catchcash

[dr]

dr

dreamdragdrawdrinkchildren

[tr]

tr

treetreattriptraintram

[tr][dr]

treedream

trydry

treatdream

[dz]

ds

needsseedsspends

[ts]

ts

sitsseatsmatespeasantsparents

[ts][dz][z][dz]

betsbedsboysboards

seatsseedsglovesgrounds

netsneedsstaresstands

[ŋ]

ngn

singsongsingerkingthing

inksinkthanktank

[m][n]

homestone

themethin

mentnet

（四）鼻辅音:

[m][n][ŋ]

[m]

m

somecomedime

mothermapmoon

[n]

n

noonnosenotenotnonothing

moonsoonsongunthinrundinegain

（五）舌边音:

[l]

l

清晰音[l]letladlatelaidleaplap

含糊音[l]dealtellbeltsaletable

（六）半元音:

[w][j]

[j]

y

yearyesyetyardyoungyou

][j]

eatyet

eastyes

eageryard

[w]

wwh

waitwestwaywetwillwide

wheelwhatwhywhenwherewhile

[w][v]

wetvet

winterinventure

worldvoice

womenvisit

补充：

元音字母a,e,i,o,u在重读音节中的一般读音规则：

a 

e 

i 

o 

u

重读开音节：

[ei] 

] 

[ai] 

[əu] 

[ju:

][u:

]

重读闭音节：

[e] 

[i] 

[ɔ] 

[ʌ][u]

注意：

除了符合读音规则的词以外，还有一些词是例外的，需要逐个记忆。

一个辅音加e结尾的单词,元音字母a,e,i,o,u经常发长音

如:

cakethemebikecloseconsume

元音字母a,e,i,o,u经常发短音

havebedsitlovebus