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Introductivemethod
Teachingaids:
Ablackboard;
Arecorder;
Somechalks
Teachingsteps:
I.RevisionandLead-in
Thechinesegovernmenthasbeenmakinggreateffortstofightagainstpovertyandimprovehealthcare.Atthesametime,thereareaquitefewpersonswhoalsomakegreatcontributionstohealthcare.Doyouknowwhatkindsofpersontheyare?
Theymustbedoctors,nurses,chemists,andchemicalscientists.Forexample,in1928,ayoungScottishscientistdiscoveredachemicalthatwasveryeffectiveincuringinfections.Doyouknowwhoheis?
whatdoeshecallthechemical?
Ifyouwanttofindouttheanswerstothequestions,pleasereadthepassageTheLittlemouldThatcouldatPage79.
II.Skimming
Pleaseskimthepassagetofindoutthetopicsentenceofeachparagraphorsumupthegeneralideaofitinyourownwords.
Para1.Thediscoveryisastoryofhardworkandahappyaccident.
Para2.FleminginventedmanynewwaystotreatthewoundedinworldwarI.
Para3.Flemingdiscoveredamouldthatcouldkillbacteriabyaccident.
Para4.Despiteotherscientists’lackofinterest,Flemingkepttryingtodevelopthechemicalsothatitwouldbesafeandeffective.
Para5.TheimportanceofFleming’sdiscoverywasn’tfullyrecognizeduntilworldwarII..
Generalidea:
Thispassagetellsushowpenicillinwasdiscovered.Thediscoveryofitnotonlytakehardworkbutalsoneedsmanygoodcharacteristicsofascientist,suchasdevotiontoduty,fullofconfidenceandsoon.
III.Scanning
Pleasescanthepassagetoanswerthequestions.
.
whattypeofwritingliteraryformdoesitbelongto?
2.
whatdoyoupayattentiontowhenyoureadit?
Thisisanarration.whenwereadanarration,weshouldsixelementsofanarration:
who,when,where,what,whyandhow.
3.
Pleasefindoutthesixelementsofthepassage.
who:
AlexanderFleming
when:
in1928
where:
Inhislab,London
what:
Penicillin
why:
asmallcutcouldkillthepatient.
Intheearly1900s:
usedachemicaltreatmentinhisclinic
InworldwarI:
inventedmanynewwaystotreatthewounded
Afterthewar:
begansearchingforthechemical
onedayin1928:
discoveredthechemicalbyaccidentinhislab
Atthattime:
otherscientistsshowednointerest
UntilworldwarII:
Theimportanceofpenicillinwasfullyrecognized
In1945:
FlemingwasrewardedNobelPrizeforhisgreatdiscovery
IV.DiscussionandFurthercomprehension
Pleasethinkaboutwhatcharacteristicsofasuccessfulscientistare.
Howarethewordsandphrasesrelatedtoeachother?
V.cloze
Thisisthegeneralideaofthispassage,atthesametime,italsotellsushowthewordsandphrasesintheboxabovearerelatedtoeachother.Pleasefillintheblankswiththewordsandphrases,usingtheirproperforms.
Foralongtime,evensmallinfectionswouldkillpatients’lives.However,alittle
m
changedtheterriblecondition.Thediscoverywasastoryofhardworkandahappyaccident.
Intheearly1900s,ayoungdoctorinLondon,AlexanderFleming,beganusingachemicaltreatmenttotreatanincurabledisease.DuringworldwarI,Flemingwasa
toinventmanynewwaysoftreatingthewounded,it’sapitythathedidn’tdiscoverachemicalwhichhethoughtcouldcurei
.Becauseofd
toduty,hiss
forpatientsandsenseofr
,afterthewar,hehadani
andgreatw
tosearchforthechemical.oneday,washingtheglasscontainersusedforgrowingbacteria,hefoundamouldwasgrowingandthatthebacteriaaroundthemouldhaddiedandstoppedgrowing.Thea
discoverywasthechemicalwhichhehadbeenlookingfor.clearly,Fleming’si
,greatp
andcarefulo
ledhimtomakethesignificantdiscovery—Penicillin.Virtually,thehappyaccidentwasbasedonlotsofs
.FlemingwasawardedNoblePrizeforhisgreatdiscoveryin1945.
Answerstocloze:
mould,
aggressive,
infections,
devotion,
sympathy,
responsibility,
interest,
willingness,
accidental,
intelligence,
perseverance,
observation.
sacrifice
VI.Practice
originalsentence:
Treatmentswereneitherscientificnoreffective,…..
Neither…nor…连接两个并列的成分
).他们两个既不是朋友又不是兄弟。
2).他既不会读又不会写。
3).他不喜欢学习也不喜欢工作。
4).他们工作既不是为名,也不是为个人所得。
5).我们和他都不想去。
asaresultof
由于……结果
asaresult
结果,因此
resultin
致使;
导致
resultfrom
因…..引起;
起因于
).由于他的艰苦劳动,他获得了奖学金。
2).她昨天生病了,因此,她没有去学校。
3).疾病常常是因贫穷引起的。
4).我确信政府阻止爱滋病的努力会取得的成功的。
ItwasnotuntilworldwarIIthattheimportanceofFleming’sdiscoverywasfullyrecognized.
陈述句结构:
Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子的剩余部分.
强调句型:
一般疑问句:
Is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子的剩余部分?
特殊疑问句:
疑问词+is/was+that/who+句子的剩余部分?
高考链接:
).Itwasn’tuntilamonthlater_____Ireceivedthemanager’sreply.(XX全国)
A.where
B.how
c.what
D.that
2).Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward,anditdoesn’tmatter____thatI’mtalkingto.
A.whoisit
B.whoitis
c.itiswho
D.itiswhom
4.
whenFlemingreturnedfromthewar,hebegansearchingforthechemicalwhichhebelievedcouldtreatinfections.
).Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellfor____hethoughtwasnotenough.
D.which(XX山东)
2)Doyouhaveanyidea____isactuallygoingonintheclassroom?
(XX青岛模拟)
A.that
B.what
c.as
D.which
3).Theyalsohopedtofindanewcontinent_____theythoughtexistedintheIndianorPacificocean.
(XX上海)
A.which
B.where
D.whether
AnswerstoPractice:
.1).Theyareneitherfriendsnorbrothers.
2).Heneitherreadsnorwrites.
3).Helikesneitherlearningnorworking.
4).Theyworkneitherforfamenorforpersonalgain.
5).Neitherwenorhewantstogothere./Neitherhenorwewanttogothere.
2.1).Shewonthescholarshipasaresultofhardwork.
2).Shewasillyesterday.Asaresult,hedidn’tgotoschool.
3).Illnessoftenresultsfrompoverty.
4).I’msurethegovernment’seffortstostopthespreadofAIDSwillresultinsuccess.
3.1).D
2)B
4
)c
3)A
VII.writing
NowimaginethatyouareAlexanderFleming.youhavejustdiscoveredpenicillinandyouareveryexcitedaboutthenewchemical.writealettertoafamousmedicaljournaltotellaboutyourdiscovery.Tellthemwhatyouhavediscoveredandwhatitcanbeusedfor.
youmayusetheinformationintheboxtowritealetter.
Samplewriting:
Uptonow,peoplearestillsufferingfromtheincurableinfections.However,suchthesedaysendsbecauseanaturalmouldhasbeendiscovered,thatispenicillin.
Thediscoverywasamatterofluckreally.oneday,whenIwaswashingtheglasscontainersforgrowingbacteria,Ifoundamouldwasgrowinginoneofjarsandthebacteriaaroundthemouldhaddiedandstoppedgrowing.Irealizeditwasthechemicalwhichcouldtreatinfections,andIcalleditpenicillin.Afterthat,Imadeexperimentstomakeitworkbetter.Penicillinhasmanystrengths.Firstofall,itisanaturalmouldthatiseasytogrow.what’smore,itcancureinfectionsbykillingbacteria,soitcanbeusedtotreatdiseases.Ifweputpenicillintouse,ourhospitalswillbesaferandourtreatmentsmoreeffective,reducingthepainofpatientsinhospitals.Thepeopleallovertheworldwillbenefitfromitgreatly
Ihopeyoucanhelpintroducepenicillintothepublic.Asthechemicalismorewidelyused,patientswillgetabettertreatment,peoplewilllivemorehappily.ourworldwillbemoreharmonious.
VIII.Homework
PleasewriteashortpassagetodescribethediscoveryofpenicillininFleming’svoice.
PleasereadthepassageAngelsInwhiteatPage213andfinishtheexercisestomatchwithit.