习题外研版选修8 Module 1 课下能力提升五.docx

习题外研版选修8 Module 1 课下能力提升五.docx

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习题外研版选修8Module1课下能力提升五

课下能力提升（五）

阅读理解

A

Inthelaterhalfofthe13thcentury,anewtrendoffineartsappearedinthecentralpartofItalywithFlorenceasitscentre,representingthechangefromfineartsofMiddleAgestoRenaissanceart.

Atthattime,Florenceschoolbecamethemainstreamoffinearts.The14thcenturysawthebirthofagreatartist—Giotto.HisartboreastrikingtendencyofRealism.FormostpeopleGiotto_is_the_first_name_in_European_painting_since_antiquity_（古代）．Thathehadbreathedfreshlifeintopaintingwasrecognisedbypeopleoftheday,andlaterbyGhibertiandVasari.

BeforeGiotto,paintingwasstillconsidereda“mechanical”art.GiottocametooccupyapositionofgreatrespectinFlorence.ThoughhewasemployedbytheBardiandPeruzzifamilies,ownersofthemostimportantEuropeanbankinghousesoftheday,heneverlimitedhisactivitytoFlorence,andprestigious（声望很高的）commissioninotherpartsofItalykepthimonthemovefrequently.AtatimewhenItaly'sflourishingeconomymadeeveryItaliancityanindependentculturalandartisticcentre,Giottowentbeyondregionalbarriersandtheeffectofhisartwasfeltthroughoutthepeninsula（半岛）．

InhislifetimeGiottohasraisedpaintingtoaprestigiouslevelamongthearts,tosuchahighlevelthatitinfluencedsculpture.ItalianpaintingcanbesaidtohavechangedgreatlywiththeappearanceofGiottothaneverbefore.ThemotivationGiottogavetotheartswassogreatthatitdeterminedthefateofEuropeanpainting.BythemiddleofthefourteenthcenturyEuropehadalreadybecomeawareofGiotto'snewideas,whichagreedwiththegrowingseculartendencyinEuropeansociety.

语篇解读：

乔托，意大利杰出的画家，被认定是意大利文艺复兴时期的开创者，被誉为“欧洲绘画之父”。

1．Beforethelaterhalfofthe13thcentury________.

A．fineartsofMiddleAgeswasthemainstream

B．Renaissanceartwasthemainstream

C．Florenceschoolbegantodisappear

D．Giottobecameagreatartist

解析：

选A　细节理解题。

根据第一段可知，13世纪后半期，美术发生了很大的变化，从中世纪美术向文艺复兴美术转变。

由此可判断出在13世纪前半期，中世纪美术为主流。

故答案为A。

2．Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“GiottoisthefirstnameinEuropeanpaintingsinceantiquity”inParagraph2?

A．Giottoistheartist'sfirstname.

B．GiottoisthemanwhostartedEuropeanpainting.

C．GiottoisthemostimportantpainterinEuropesinceantiquity.

D．GiottoisthenameofamostfamousEuropeanpainting.

解析：

选C　句意理解题。

从第二段看出，本段讲述这位艺术家的巨大成就，而题目中的这句话正好支持这段的主题。

所以这句话就是为了表明他在绘画界的地位。

3．Fromthethirdparagraphwecanlearn________.

A．Giottothoughtpaintingwasa“mechanical”art

B．Giottodidn'tgetgreatrespectinFlorence

C．GiottoownedEuropeanbankinghouses

D．Giotto'sartaffectedthewholeItaly

解析：

选D　细节理解题。

根据本段最后一句话“...theeffectofhisartwasfeltthroughoutthepeninsula（半岛）”可知，他的艺术作品影响了整个意大利半岛。

4．Themainthemeofthepassageprobablyis________.

A．theRenaissanceinItaly

B．Giotto,agreatartist

C．Florenceschool

D．fineartsofMiddleAges

解析：

选B　主旨大意题。

纵览全文可以看出本文是一篇人物介绍的文章，所以主题应是B项“乔托——一位伟大的艺术家”。

B

Thelate,greatproducerPhilRamoneworkedwithmanyfamouspopularsingers.However,oneofhisalbumsisalittledifferent.It'sclassicalmusic,madeforchildren.

“Heactuallystartedasachildviolinist，”saidMarcNeikrug,afamousclassicalcomposerwhoworkedtogetherwithRamoneonthealbum,“SunkenCathedrals，”afterbeingintroducedbyRockPositano,adoctorwithaspecialinterestinmusic'svaluetomedicine.“Thethreeofusallwanttopromoteclassicalmusictochildren.”

Inthedigitalagewhenchildrendevelopsurroundedbyconstantdistractions（使人分心的事物）,however,Neikrugseesaveryparticularvalueinclassicalmusic.“I'mconcernedaboutaworldinwhichthereisanalmostaggressivemovetolowerpeople'sattentionspans（持续时间），”hesaid.“That'sterrifying.Howdoyouevenabsorbandlearnthings?

Howdoyouexpectkidstodowellinschool？

”

“Ithinkit'sreallyimportanttoletkidsbuildsomekindofabilitytofocus，”Neikrugsaid.“Greatmusiccandothat,becauseyou'redrawnintowhatyou'relisteningto.Atwoorthreeminutemusicmaynotseemsolongtoconcentrateon,butit'sagoodattentionspanforkids，”hesaid.“Wepickedthepiecesverydeliberatelytobenottoolong.”

Allofthepiecesonthetwopartalbumareunadapted,completeworksofclassicalmusic.“Phil,Dr.RockandIwereallcompletelyconvincedthatweneedlittle,short,beautifulpiecesforkids.Theyhappentobereallygoodforadultstoo，”hepointedout,thoughthewords“ClassicsforKids”onthecovermightscaresomegrownpeopleoff.

Thisdoesn'tmeanyoushouldtossallofyourpopularmusicalbumsawayortrashallthescreendevices（设备）inyourhome.“I'mnotanadvocatefordisregardingtherealityoflivinginthisworld，”Neikrugsaid.“Iwouldsaysomeonewhogrowsupabletofocusforanhourandequallyabletousethesmartphonewithonehand,isfine.”

语篇解读：

本文是议论文。

Neikrug与Ramone合作制作了一张儿童古典音乐专辑，他认为古典音乐能帮助孩子们培养专注力。

5．WhatdidMarcNeikrugandRockPositanohaveincommon?

A．Theyhadthesamecareer.

B．Theyhadthesameinterest.

C．Theyhadthesamecircleoffriends.

D．Theyhadthesamenumberofchildren.

解析：

选B　细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“MarcNeikrug,afamousclassicalcomposer”和“RockPositano,adoctorwithaspecialinterestinmusic'svaluetomedicine.‘Thethreeofusallwanttopromoteclassicalmusictochildren.’”可知，MarcNeikrug和RockPositano都对音乐感兴趣，致力于让孩子从小就听古典音乐。

6．WhatwasNeikrugworriedabout?

A．People'sdecreasingattentionspans.

B．Peoplebecomingtooaggressive.

C．People'slowlearningability.

D．Peoplelosingfaithinschool.

解析：

选A　细节理解题。

根据第三段中的“I'mconcernedaboutaworldinwhichthereisanalmostaggressivemovetolowerpeople'sattentionspans（持续时间）”可知，当今世界让人们的持续关注时间不断减少，Neikrug对此表示担忧。

7．WhydidRamoneandNeikrugselectshortpiecesforthealbum?

A．Toattractdistractedadults.

B．Becauseoftheirownpreference.

C．Toincludemorepiecesinthealbum.

D．Becauseofkids'mentalcharacteristics.

解析：

选D　细节理解题。

根据第四段中的“...‘Atwoorthreeminutemusicmaynotseemsolongtoconcentrateon,butit'sagoodattentionspanforkids，’hesaid.‘Wepickedthepiecesverydeliberatelytobenottoolong.’”可知，由于孩子的持续关注时间很短，所以Ramone和Neikrug专门选短小的曲子迎合孩子们的心智特征。

8．Whatdoesthetextwanttotellus?

A．Popularmusicproducersturnedtoclassicalmusic.

B．Classicalmusiccancoexistwithdigitaldevices.

C．It'snevertoolatetolistentoclassicalmusic.

D．Kidscanbenefitfromclassicalmusic.

解析：

选D　主旨大意题。

根据第四段中的“‘Ithinkit'sreallyimportanttoletkidsbuildsomekindofabilitytofocus，’Neikrugsaid.‘Greatmusiccandothat,becauseyou'redrawnintowhatyou'relisteningto...”可以看出，Neikrug认为古典音乐能帮助孩子们培养专注力，这也是他与Ramone合作制作儿童古典音乐专辑的原因。

C

Themedieval（中世纪的）artistsdidn'tknowaboutperspective;theydidn'twanttomaketheirpeoplelooklikerealindividualpeopleinarealindividualscene.Theywantedtoshowthetruth,theeternal（永恒的）qualityoftheirreligiousstories.Sotheseartistsdidn'tneedtoknowaboutperspective.

IntheEuropeanRenaissanceperiod,artistswantedtoshowtheimportanceoftheindividualpersonandhisorherpossessionsandsurroundings.Aflatmedievalstylecouldn'tshowthislevelofrealityandtheartistsneededanewtechnique.ItwastheItalianartistBrunelleschiwhodiscoveredthetechniqueofperspectivedrawing.AtfirsttheartistsoftheRenaissanceonlyhadasinglepointperspective.Latertheyrealizedthattheycouldhavetwopointperspectiveandstilllatermultipointperspective.

Withtwopointperspectivetheycouldturnanobject（likeabuilding）atanangletothepictureanddrawtwosidesofit.Thetechniqueofperspectivewhichseemssonaturaltousnowisaninventedtechnique,apartofthe“grammarofpainting”．Likeallbitsofgrammarthereareexceptionsaboutperspective.Forexample,onlyverticalandhorizontalsurfacesseemtomeetoneyelevel.Slopingrooftopsdon'tmeetoneyelevel.

For500years,artistsinEuropemadeuseofperspectivedrawingintheirpictures.Nevertheless,therearearangeofpriorities（优先顺序）thatartistsindisplayingindividualstyles.Crivelliwantedtoshowdepthinhispictureandheusedasimplesinglepointperspective.Cezannealwaystalkedaboutspaceandvolume.VanGogh,likesomeoftheotherpaintersoftheImpressionistperiod,wasinterestedinJapaneseprints.AndJapaneseartistsuntilthiscenturywerealwaysverystrongdesignersof“flat”pictures.Picassocertainlymadepictureswhichhavevolumeanddepth.However,hewantedtokeepoureyesonthesurfaceandtoremindusthathispaintingsarepaintingsandnotillusions（幻觉）．

Itistechnicallyeasytogiveanillusionofdepth.However,astrongtwodimensionaldesignisjustasimportantasafeelingofdepth,andperhapsmoreimportant.

9．Thepassagemainlydiscusses________.

A．thedifferencebetweenmedievalandRenaissanceart

B．howthetechniqueofperspectiveinfluencedthemodernart

C．thediscoveryofthetechniqueofperspective

D．thecontributionsofRenaissanceartists

解析：

选B　主旨大意题。

本文主要介绍了文艺复兴时期出现的透视绘画技巧及其对现代艺术的影响。

10．Accordingtothepassage,whichmaybethemainconcernformedievalartists?

A．Theindividualpersonandhis/herpossessionsandsurroundings.

B．Realpeople,realscenes.

C．Eternaltimelesstruthoftheearth.

D．Themesofreligiousstories.

解析：

选D　细节理解题。

根据第一段第二句可知中世纪的艺术家们主要从事与宗教故事有关的绘画。

11．What'stheauthor'spurposeofgivingtheexampleinPara.3?

A．Toexplainhowperspectiveworkinpainting.

B．Tosupporttwopointperspective.

C．Toshowthatthereareexceptionsaboutperspective.

D．Topointoutthatthetechniqueofperspectiveisaninventedtechnique.

解析：

选C　推理判断题。

根据第三段可知透视法有例外之处，后面的例子就是为了说明这些例外之处。

因此选C项。

12．ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatRenaissanceartists________.

A．welcomedthemedievalstyleofeternaltruth

B．neededtodevelopanewapp