学习实践人教版高二英语必修5全册教案Word格式文档下载.docx
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3.Learningabilitygoals学能目标
Learnhowtowriteapersuasivewritingandadescriptivewriting.
Teachingimportantpoints教学重点
Helpthestudentstolearntowriteapersuasivewritingandareport.
Teachingdifficultpoints教学难点
Howtowriteareportaboutascientistandhis/herjob.
Teachingmethods教学方法
Task-basedactivities.
Teachingaids教具准备
Acomputerandaprojector.
Teachingprocedures&
amp;
ways教学过程与方式
StepⅠPresentation
Task1:
Summarizethewayofwritingareport.
T:
Nowclass,ifwewanttowriteareportaboutascientist,whatcontentsshouldweinclude?
S1:
Thelifeofthescientist,suchashisbirthanddeathdates,hisfamily,hiseducation,hispersonality,hisachievementsandcontributions,hiskeyfactorstohissuccess.
yes.youareright.Andhowdowemakeanoutlineaboutit?
S2:
weshouldputthecollectedinformationunderthreeheadlines:
life,achievementsandkeytosuccess.
Task2:
Remindthestudentsofthewritingtechniquesandwritingfeaturesofareport.
Showthefollowingtothestudents.
Report
Formallanguagewithfewadjectives
Nospeechexceptquotations
Notemotional
onlyonemaincharacter
Factualstructuredaccordingtoexperimentalmethod
Pasttenseandpassivevoice
Task3:
Summarizethewayofpersuasivewriting.
youknowifwewanttopersuadesb,wealwayswanttoreasonwithhimorher.wemustdevelopourownideasandprovidesomeevidencetosupportourideassotherearealwaysthreestepstopersuadesomebodyelsetochangehisorherpointofview.canyoupointoutwhatthethreestepsare?
Ithinkthefirstistogiveyouropinionandidea.
Thesecondistogivethereasonsandevidencetosupportyouridea.
S3:
Thethirdistomakeaconclusion.
Apersuasivewriting
Formalorinformal,vividuseoflanguage
Speechtoshowfeelings,reactions,etc
Emotionalornotemotionaltodescribefeelingsandfacts
onlytwomaincharacters
Factualorimaginativebasedonfact
Reasonandpersuadestepbystep
Presenttense
ThenaskthestudentstowriteashortletterasrequiredinExercise3.
Asampleversion:
DearNicolauscopernicus,
IamastudentstudyinghistoryandIwouldverymuchliketoreadyournewtheoryaboutthesolarsystem.Ihopeyouwillpublishitforseveralreasons.Iunderstandtheproblemswiththepresenttheory.Thewaytheplanetsmoveisnotwhatyouwouldexpectiftheearthwasthecentreoftheuniverse.Itisalsooddthatthebrightnessofsomestarsseemstochange.SoIagreewithyouthatweneednewtheory.
Iknowyourobservationshavebeenverycarefullycarriedoutovermanyyears.Nowyoumusthavethecouragetopublishthem.Sciencecanneveradvanceunlesspeoplehavethecourageoftheirbeliefs.Iknowyouworryaboutwhatwillhappenifyoupublishyournewtheory.Nomatterhowpeopleopposeit,timewillshowifyourideasarerightorwrong.
SoIhopeyoucanpublishyournewtheory.
StepⅡwriting
Askthestudentstowriteareportabout
ascientist.
Sampleversions
StepⅢHomework
AskthestudentstodotheProjectonpage47.
附
件
.Howtodoascienceresearch
Ascienceprojectisaninvestigationusingthescientificmethodtodiscovertheanswertoascientificproblem.Beforestartingyourproject,youneedtounderstandthescientificmethod.Thissectionusesexamplestoillustrateandexplainthebasicstepsofthescientificmethod.Thescientificmethodisthe“tool”thatscientistsusetofindtheanswerstoquestions.Itistheprocessofthinkingthroughthepossiblesolutionstoaproblemandtestingeachpossibilitytofindthebestsolution.Thescientificmethodinvolvesthefollowingsteps:
doingresearch,identifyingtheproblem,statingahypothesis,con-ductingprojectexperimentation,andreachingaconclusion.
Research
Researchistheprocessofcollectinginformationfromyourownexperiences,knowledgeablesources,anddatafromexploratoryexperiments.yourfirstresearchisusedtoselectaprojecttopic.Thisiscalledtopicresearch.Forexample,youobserveablackgrowthonbreadslicesandwonderhowitgotthere.Becauseofthisexperience,youdecidetolearnmoreaboutmoldgrowth.yourtopicwillbeaboutfungalreproduction.cAUTIoN:
Ifyouareallergictomold,thisisnotatopicyouwouldinvestigate.chooseatopicthatissafeforyoutodo.
Afteryouhaveselectedatopic,youbeginwhatiscalledprojectresearch.Thisresearchistohelpyouunderstandthetopic,expressaproblem,proposeahypothesis,anddesignoneormoreprojectexperiments—experimentsdesignedtotestthehypothesis.Anexampleofprojectresearchwouldbetoplaceafreshloafofwhitebreadinabreadboxandobservethebreadoveraperiodoftimeasanexploratoryexperiment.Theresultofthisexperimentandotherresearchgiveyoutheneededinformationforthenextstep—identifyingtheproblem.
Problem
Theproblemisthescientificquestiontobesolved.Itisbestexpressedasan“open-ended”question,whichisaquestionthatisansweredwithastatement,notjustayesorano.
Hypothesis
Ahypothesisisanideaaboutthesolutiontoaproblem,basedonknowledgeandresearch.whilethehypothesisisasinglestatement,itisthekeytoasuccessfulproject.
Allofyourprojectresearchisdonewiththegoalofexpressingaproblem,proposingananswertoit,anddesigningprojectexperimentation.Thenallofyourprojectexperimentingwillbeperformedtotestthehypothesis.
Dostatefactsfrompastexperiencesorobservationsonwhichyoubaseyourhypothesis.
Dowritedownyourhypothesisbeforebeginningtheprojectexperimentation.
Don’tchangeyourhypothesisevenifexperimentationdoesnotsupportit.Iftimepermits,repeatorredesigntheexperimenttoconfirmyourresults.
ProjectExperimentation
Projectexperimentationistheprocessoftestingahypothesis.Thethingsthathaveaneffectontheexperimentarecalledvariables.Therearethreekindsofvariablesthatyouneedtoidentifyinyourexperiments:
independent,dependent,andcontrolledvariables.
Theindependentvariableisthevariableyoupurposelymanipulate.Thedependentvariableisthevariablethatisbeingobserved,whichchangesinresponsetotheindependentvariable.Thevariablesthatarenotchangedarecalledcontrolledvariables.
Dohaveonlyoneindependentvariableduringanexperiment.
Dorepeattheexperimentmorethanoncetoverifyyourresults.
Dohaveacontrol.
Dohavemorethanonecontrol,witheachbeingidentical.
Doorganizedata.
Projectconclusion
Theprojectconclusionisasummaryoftheresultsoftheprojectexperimentationandastatementofhowtheresultsrelatetothehypothesis.
Ifyourresultsdonotsupportyourhypothesis:
DoN’Tchangeyourhypothesis.
DoN’Tleaveoutexperimentalresultsthatdonotsupportyourhypothesis.
Dogivepossiblereasonsforthedifferencebetweenyourhypothesisandtheexperimentalresults.
Dogivewaysthatyoucanexperimentfurthertofindasolution.
Ifyourresultssupportyourhypothesis:
youmightsay,forexample,“Asstatedinmyhypothesis,Ibelievethatlightisnotnecessaryduringthegerminationofbeanseeds.myexperimentationsupportstheideathatbeanseedswillgerminatewithoutlight.Aftersevendays,theseedstestedwereseengrowinginfulllightandinnolight.Itispossiblethatsomelightreachedthe‘nolight’containersthatwereplacedinadarkcloset.IfIweretoimproveonthisexperiment,Iwouldplacethe‘nolight’containersinalight-proofboxand/orwraptheminlight-proofmaterial,suchasaluminumfoil.”
2.onwomenscientists:
AspeechintheInternationalwomen’sDay
womenthouhastencircledtheworld’sheartwiththedepthofthytearsastheseahastheearth.
womeninyourlaughteryouhavethemusicofthefountainoflife.
Themessageisclear;
itisinspiringandpresentsadeepphilosophy.womenwouldbethechangeagentinthisfastmovingworld’ssocio-economicscenario.
wehaveassembledheretodaytocelebratetheInternationalwomen’sDayandalsotheyearofEmpowermentofwomen.
...
madamcuriewhogottheNobelPrizejustaftertwoyearsofestablishmentoftheNobelFoundation—firstin1903inPhysicswhensheshareditandthenthesecondonein1911inchemistry,createdahistorybywinningtwoNobelPrizesinaspanof8years.Iamsure,thegrouphereisawareofthedifficultconditionsandlaboratoryarrangementsunderwhichsheworkedandyet,sheexcelled.
BiotechnologistscanneverforgettheworkofDorothycrowfootHodgkinoncrystallographyleadingtothestructureoftheimportantbiologicalcrystals.ShewontheNobelPrizeinchemistryin1964.TheworkofBarbaramcclintock,ageneticistwonhertheNobelPrizein1983.
justassomeonesaid:
“Developingcountriesthathavemaderemarkablesocialprogress,havedonesoprimarilythroughtheempowermentofwomen,whichhashadenormousimpactintermsofliteracy,healthandeconomicwellbeingoffamilies.”whatweneedtodoistoensurethevaluablecontributionfrom50%of
ourhumanresource.
Itisamatterofgreatpleasureforallofustoseethatthewomenarenotonlyconfinedtobiology,asubjectinwhichtheyhavebeencontributingsignificantly,theyarealsojoiningtheareasofphysicalsciencesandengineeringandperformingequallywell.
Somehow,inmanypartsoftheworldtoday,scienceandtechnologyinterventionshavetreatedwomenprimarilyasrecipientofknowledgeandhaveunderestimatedtheirimportanceasgeneratorsofinnovationsandasadynamicagentofeconomicandsocialchange.Inempoweringthewomenwithscientificandtechnologicalskills,womenscientistsandtechnologistshaveamajorrole.
Biotechnologyandbiosciencesincludingmedical,agricultureandbasicresearchhaveopenedupnewopportunities.Theinvolvementofwomenscientistsandtechnologistsinphysicalsciences,especiallyintheNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministrationdatesbackto1903,theyworkedasexplorers,pioneersandinnovators.Bytheendofthe20thcentury,atleast25%oftheastronautsatNASAwerewomen,16%scientistsandengineers.
ofcourse,itisextremelyimportantthatwomenscientistsandtechnologistsareappreciatedfortheirdualroleinthesocietywhilepursuingscientificresearchasacareer.Theyshouldalsonurtureandcherishtheirqualitiesofculture,compassion,courageandcreativity.Andaboveall,thecooperativespirit.Thefive‘cs’arepersonifiedinwomen’spersonality.
3.charlesDrawinoriginofSpecies
TheEnglishscientist,charlesDarwinwasbornonFebruary12,1809,thesamedaythatAbrahamLincolnwasborn.Darwincausedachangeinthinkingaboutevolution,whereasLincolncausedachangeintheroleoftheblackslave,allowingtheblackmantobeafreemaninAmericansociety.
Darwin’sfathertriedtoinfluencehissontobecomeaworthystudentinschool.However,charlesdidno