鄂教版备战中考初中英语专项训练阅读理解科普环保类I卷.docx

鄂教版备战中考初中英语专项训练阅读理解科普环保类I卷.docx

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鄂教版备战中考初中英语专项训练阅读理解科普环保类I卷

鄂教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解（科普环保类）（I）卷

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一、阅读理解（共5题；共52分）

1.（10分）（2019九上·咸阳月考）阅读理解

Whydowelikedrinkingwaterfromplasticbottles?

Somepeoplethinkitishealthyandclean.Othersdrinkbottledwaterbecauseit'seasy—youcancarryitaroundwithyou.Inhotcountries,likeGreece,weoftenbuybottlesofcoldwaterinsummer.

However,makinglotsofplasticisnotagoodideaformanyreasons.Firstofall,weneedalotofoilforplasticproducts.Weusuallyuseoilasasource（资源）ofenergy.Ifwereducedthenumberofbottleswemade,wewouldn'tneedsomuchoil.Plasticbottlesalsopollutetheenvironment.Ifwerecycledallourplasticbottles,wewouldn'tneedsomuchspaceforrubbishdumps.ButinGreece,wedon'trecyclemuchoftheplasticweuse.In2006,Greeksrecycledonlyabout10%ofplasticwaste.Therestbecamerubbishonlandandinriversandseas.

Sonexttimeyouwanttothrowawayaplasticbottleinthelitterbin,stopandthink.Ifyourecycledit,youwouldhelptheenvironment.Butwhatcanyoudowhenthereisn'tarecyclingbinnearyou?

Well,therearelotsofusefulwaysthatyoucanuseyourbottlesagain.Forexample,anemptybottlemakesagreatpiggybankforyourpocketmoney,andifyoucutabottleinhalf,youwillhaveaplantpot.Gogreen!

Youcanmakeadifference.

（1）Whatisnotmentionedaboutbottledwaterinthispassage?

A.It'shealthy.    

B.It'sclean.    

C.It'seasy.    

D.It'sexpensive.    

（2）Plasticproductsaremadefrom________.

A.energy    

B.oil    

C.rubbish    

D.plants    

（3）About________ofplasticwastebecamerubbishinGreecein2006.

A.10%    

B.50%    

C.80%    

D.90%    

（4）Whichisthebestwaytodealwithusedplasticbottles?

A.Torecyclethem.    

B.Tomakeapiggybank.      

C.Tomakeaplantpot.    

D.Todropthemintotheriver.    

（5）Theunderlinedpartinthispassagetellsus"________".

A.Tomakeadifferentlife,you'dbettergooutside    

B.Tolookdifferent,you'dbetterweargreenclothes    

C.Toprotecttheenvironment,youcandosomething    

D.Togogreen,youshoulduseplasticproducts    

2.（12分）（2018·包头）阅读理解

PossibleEarth-LikePlanetNextDoor?

Scientistssaytheydiscoveredanearth-likeplanetoutsideoursolarsystem（太阳系）.Itisaplanetthatcouldsupportlife.

Thisplanetisjust4.2lightyearsawayfromus.Itissoclosethatspacescientistshaveconsidereditasanextdoorneighbor.Theysayitcouldbereachedbyanunmannedspaceshipbeforetheendofthecentury--intimeforpeoplealivetodaytoseeit.

Aninternationalteamofscientistsfoundtheplanetmovingaroundthestarcalled"ProximaCentauri".TheresultcameoutlastmonthfromthescientificmagazineNature.

Scientistshavelongthoughtthataplanetwithwaterisimportantforlife.Andithastobeneithertoohotnortoocold.Thenewly-discoveredplanetisalittlelargerthanearthScientistshavenameditProximaB.Itmovesarounditssun,ProximaCentauri,onceevery11days.

Americanscientistshavebeenusinginstrumentsforyearstolookforearth-likeplanets.In2013,scientists'bestguesswasthatthereareaboutonebillion（1,000million）"earths"inspace.

AlanBossisthechairmanofagroupforouterspaceresearch.HesaidthatProximaBnotonlyconfirms（确认）thediscoveryofaplanet,butalsoincreasesthenumberofotherpossible“earths”greatly.

Bosssaiditispossible,evenlikely,thatmoststarshaveatleastoneearth-likeplanet,whichheconsiderssurprising.

Sofromtheearlynumberofabillion,thisnewresearchsuggeststheremaybeasmanypossibleearth-likeplanetsastherearestarsintheGalaxy（银河系）.Thatis,anywherefrom250billionto500billion"earths".

ThismakesthepossibilityoflivingthingsincreasinglylikelyBosssaidhebelieveshumanbeingswillbeabletoshowthatthereislifeinplacesbesidesearthinhislifetime."Iam65,"hesaid,"butIexpecttostillbealivewhenithappens."

（1）WhenwillitbepossibleforanunmannedspaceshiptoreachProximaB?

A.Inabouteightyyears.    

B.Inabout4.2years.    

C.Inaboutelevendays.    

D.Inaboutonebillionyears.    

（2）Inthefourthparagraph,thewriterthinksthat_______isnecessaryforlife.

A.water    

B.light    

C.air    

D.wind    

（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"This"standforinthelastparagraph?

A.Scientistshavediscoveredanearth-likeplanetlastmonth.

B.Therearefarmoreearth-likeplanetsthanpeoplethought.

C.ProximaBisnotfarfromearthandisjustlikeourneighbor.

D.TheGalaxywillbetheonlyplaceforlivingthingstolivein.

（4）WhatdoesAlanBossmeanbysaying"butIexpecttostillbealivewhenithappens"?

A.Hishealthisingoodstateandhe'ssurehewilllivealonglife.

B.Scienceisdevelopingmuchfasterthaneverinrecentyears.

C.Scientistsmaysoonfindfactthatthere'slifeonotherplanets.

D.Americaisfaraheadofothercountriesinspaceresearch.

3.（10分）（2016·天津）根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

Manypeopletraveltodifferentplacesintheworldbyair.Usuallyittakesalongtime,perhapshalfaday,forpassengerstostayintheplan.Soairlines（航空公司）offerpassengersfood.Butitiscommonthattheyfeelbadaboutfoodtaste.Doyouagree?

Tosolvethisproblem,airlinestryhardtoimprovetheirfood.Theywouldliketodosobecausetheydon'twanttolosecustomers.

However,accordingtoscientificresearch,partofthereasonwhyplanefoodtastesbadisthatathighaltitude（海拔）wecannottastethingsaswellaswedoontheground.Alsoscientistshavefoundthatournosesbecomeverydryevenbeforeaplanetakesoff.Astheplanemovesup,thechangeinair pressure（气压）reducesonethirdofthesensibility（感觉）ofourtastebuds（味蕾）.Soourtastebudsbecomesenseless.Thesadface,however,isthatournosesdon'tknowit.

Allofthesehelpexplainwhyfoodontheplanetastessobad.Theyalsohelpexplainwhyairlineschoosetoofferpassengerssaltyandspicy（辛辣的）food.Withoutdoingso,thefoodwouldbetasteless.

Nowtherearemanyresearchesonthis.Accordingtooneofthem,somevolunteersareaskedtoliewiththeirfeethigherthantheirheadsforweeks.Andscientistswritedowntheirfeelingsaboutfoodtaste.

Thoughscientiststrytheirbest,itisnotaseasyastheythought.Becausetheycan'tdealwiththespecialenvironmentsuccessfully,suchasthechangeinairpressure,makingfoodtastegoodisstillhardforthem.

（1）InParagraph2,“thisproblem”means______.

A.passengersstaylongintheplane    

B.foodontheplanetastesbad    

C.passengershavenofoodtoeat    

D.foodontheplaneisexpensive    

（2）Whatdoairlinesdotosolvethisproblem?

A.Getmorecustomers.    

B.Offermorefood.    

C.Improvetheirfood.    

D.Reducetheticketprice.    

（3）Astheplanemovesup,thechangeinairpressurereduces        ofthesensibilityofourtastebuds.

A.half    

B.onethird    

C.onefourth    

D.onefifth    

（4）Whydoscientistsfeelithardtomadefoodontheplanetastegood?

A.Thevolunteersdon'tknowaboutfoodtaste.    

B.Thevolunteersdon'tunderstandthem.    

C.Theycan'tfindenoughvolunteers.    

D.Theycan'tdealwiththespecialenvironmentsuccessfully.    

（5）Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.TasteofAirplaneFood    

B.AirplaneTravel    

C.ScientificResearchonNoses    

D.TheChangeinAirPressure    

4.（10分）（2018·杭州模拟）阅读理解

Heightisjustoneofthethousandsoffeaturesyourgenes（基因）decide.Infact,becauseyouhavetwoparents,yourgenesprovideyouaheightthatusuallylandssomewherebetweentheheightofeachparent.Ifbothyourparentsaretall,thenmaybeyouwillbetall,too,butifyouhavequestionsabouthowtallyou'regoingtobe,askyourdoctorifheorshecanhelpyoufindit.

Butgenesdon'tdecideeverything.Forexample,eatinganunhealthydietcankeepyoufromgrowingtoyourfullpotential（潜力）.Gettingenoughsleepandenoughexercisewillhelpyougrowtotherightheight.

Nodoubt（怀疑）you'rewonderinghowfastyoushouldgrow.Itdepends.There'snoperfectorrightanswer.Kidsgrowabout2inches（5centimeters）ayearbetweenage3andthetimewhentheystartpuberty（whenyourbodystartschangingandbecomingmoregrownup）.Yourdoctorwillknowhowyourgrowthhasbeengoingovertheyears.2centimetershereand2inchestherearenotnearlyasimportantastheheightyou'reatnow,howyou'vebeengrowinguptothispoint,andwhatotherchangesyourbodymaybegoingthrough.

Don'tbescaredifyouseemtohavegrownalotinaveryshorttime.Everyonehasagrowthspurt（高峰）duringpuberty.Theageforstartingpubertyisabout10forgirlsandaboutIIforboys.Butitcanbeearlierorlater-between7and13forgirlsand9and15forboys.

You'llusuallybegintonoticethatyou'regrowingfasteraboutayearorsoafteryourbodystartstoshowthefirstchangesofpuberty.

（1）Ifyouwanttoknowhowfastandhowtallyoushouldgrow,_________________.

A.youshouldhaveenoughexercise    

B.youcanaskdoctorsforhelp    

C.youshouldgetenoughsleep    

D.youcanrecordyourgrowthduringpuberty    

（2）Afterreadingthispassage,wecanexplain_________________.

A.howgooditistobeadoctor    

B.howmuchsleepweneed    

C.whygenescan'tdecideeverything    

D.whathealthydietis    

（3）Theunderlinedword"puberty"inthepassagemeans

A.童年时期    

B.婴幼儿时期    

C.习惯养成期    

D.青春期    

（4）Thepassageismainlyabout_________________.

A.howthegenesworki