大学英语四级精读词汇U7.docx

大学英语四级精读词汇U7.docx

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大学英语四级精读词汇U7

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Part6:

LanguagePoints

●mood:

●n.thewaysb.isfeelingataparticulartime

●Thegovernmentseemstobeoutoftouchwiththepublicmood.

●Badmoodmaydeterioratetheconditionofdisease.

●Thegoodweatherputhiminanexcellentmoodforbreakfast.

●Heisamanofmoods.

●Collocation:

●inagood/badmood

●inafoulmood

●inaconfident/optimisticmood

inaholiday/partymood

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Compare:

mood,temper&humor

●Thesenounsrefertoatemporarystateofmindorfeeling.

●Moodisthemostinclusiveterm.

●Tempermostoftenreferstoastateofmindmarkedbyirritabilityorintenseanger.

Humoroftenimpliesastateofmindresultingfromone'scharacteristicdispositionortemperament;itsometimessuggestsfitfulnessorvariability.

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Compare:

mood,temper&humor

1.Royisamanofcheerful___..

2.Thismorningtheyfliedintoa___andhadfistfights.

3.Toprolonglife,oldpeopleshouldknowhowtokeepthemselvesinamerry___everyday.

4.Don'tloseyour___evenifyouareveryangrywithsomeone.

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Compare:

mood,temper&humor

1.Royisamanofcheerful（humor）..

2.Thismorningtheyfliedintoa（temper）andhadfistfights.

3.Toprolonglife,oldpeopleshouldknowhowtokeepthemselvesinamerry（mood）everyday.

4.Don'tloseyour（temper）evenifyouareveryangrywithsomeone.

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2.illusion

●n.afalseidea,belieforimpression

●disillusion（vt.）,disillusionment（n.）

●Thegirlhastheillusionthataprincewillcomeandmarryher.

●Noonereallyhasanyillusionsaboutwinningthewar.

ThesunappearstogoroundtheEarth,butit’sanillusion.

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3.shatter

●v.1）destroycompletely,esp.sb’shopesorbeliefs;（+dreams,hopes,beliefs）

●Thefailureshaveshatteredherconfidence.

●Theviolentmurdershatteredthepeaceoftheholidayseason.

●Wewereshatteredtohearofhersuddendeath.

●2）break（sth.）intopieces

●Themirrorshatteredintotinypieces.

Thestoneshatteredthewindowoftherestaurant.

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4.blotout

●coverorhidecompletely

●Darkcloudsoverheadhadblottedoutthesun.

●Thehumantendencyistoblotoutbadmemories.

Thickwhitesmokeblottedoutthesun.

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5.chaos

●astateofcompletedisorderandconfusion

●a.chaotic

●Thecountry’shealthsystemisinastateofchaos.

●TwodaysofheavysnowfallcausedchaosacrosstheUK.

●Theroomwasinastateofchaoswhentheburglarshadleft.

Collocation:

political/economic/financial/socialchaos

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6.revenge

●1.n.actiontakeninreturnforaninjuryoroffense

●Finallyshehadachanceforrevengeagainsttheevilman.

●ThemovieisaboutaJewishwomanwhoplottedherrevengeagainsttheNazis.

●2.vt.takeactioninreturnforaninjuryoroffense（avenge,hitback,repay）

●Shewasplanningtorevengetheinjusticedonetohermother.

●Herevengedhisbrother’smurder.

Revengethedead

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revenge

●Pattern:

take/have/getrevengeon

●Thewomantookrevengeonhercheatinghusband.

Iwillnevertakerevengeonanyone,becauseitissostupidandimmature.

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7.denounce

●vt.criticizeseverelyandpublicly（condemn,accuse）

●Hedenouncedmytellinglies.

●Thebookhasbeendenouncedbecauseofitscontroversialstatementsaboutrace.

ProfessorJacksondenouncedthosestudentswhohadcheatedontheexam.

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8.vibrate

●v.（causesth.to）moverapidlyandcontinuouslybackwardsandforwards;shake）

●Tom’sheavyfootstepsupstairsmadetheoldhousevibrate.

●Thehammersstrikethepianostringsandvibratethem.

Thebusvibratedwhenthedriverstarteduptheengine.

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9.thinkbackon/to

●thinkaboutthingsthathappenedinthepast（lookback,recall,remember）

●EveryDecemberIthinkbackonthepastyear,allthegoodtimesandbadones.

NowthatIhavechildrenofmyown,thinkingbackonmyownchildhoodChristmaseshasnewmeaning.

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10.crystal

●1.adj.transparent

●Theadventurersbreatheairuntaintedbythemodernworldanddrinkpuresweetwaterfromacrystallake.

●Mikeexpressedhisthoughtswithcrystalclarity.。

●2.crystalclear

●Themessageiscrystalclear—ifyouloseweight,youwillhaveahealthier,happierlife.

●3.n.transparentnaturalsubstancelikequartzorpieceofthisasanornament

salt-,ice-;-glasses,-beads

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10.crystal

●Pattern:

in（great/crystal）detail:

includingmany/clearfactsoraspectsofasituation

●Timpresentedhisargumentingreatdetail.

●Theoldmancouldrememberincrystaldetailthedaysofhischildhood..

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11.intheaftermathof

●following（anevent,esp.aharmfulorcatastrophicone）

●Wemustensurefoodsafetyintheaftermathofnaturaldisasters.

●Intheaftermathofthewarthepolitical,cultural,andsocialorderoftheworldwaschanged.

Manypeoplewerehomelessintheaftermathoftheearthquake.

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12.wreckage

●n.whensth.suchasaplane,carorbuildinghasbeendestroyed,youcanrefertowhatremainsaswreckageorthewreckage.

●Therescueworkerssearchedthewreckageforsignsofsurvivors.

●AteamofFrenchandAmericanscientistsfoundthewreckageoftheTitanic.

Tendaysaftertheaccident,piecesofthewreckagewerewashedashore.

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13.debris

●n.piecesfromsth.thathasbeendestroyedorpiecesofrubbishorunwantedmaterialsthatarespreadaround

●Debrisoftheaircraftcanbeseeninthephotosoftheaftermathofthecrash.

●DebrisfromthetwoaircraftkilledtwochildreninaschoolplaygroundinasuburbofPhiladelphia.

Scientistsaretrackingthedebrisfromasatellitecollision.

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14.resemble

●vt.looklikeorbelike

●Manycollegegraduatesdiscoverthatsocietydoesnotatallresemblethewayitisintheirimagination.

●LeoTolstoyoncesaidallhappyfamiliesresembleoneanother,buteachunhappyfamilyisunhappyinitsownway.

●Sheresembleshermotherinlooks.

Pattern:

resemblesb./sth.（insth.）

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15.ally

●n.afriendlynation;onewhosupportsanotherindifficulty（supporter,friendsvs.enemy）

●CanadaandtheUnitedStateswerealliesinWorldWarII.

BulgariahadbeenanallyofGermanyinWorldWarI.

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16.solidarity

●n.unityandagreementresultingfromsharedinterests,feelings,etc.（showsupportforeachotherorforanothergroup,especiallyinpoliticalorinternationalaffairs）（unity）==solidify,solid

●Weneedaleadertospeedupthedecision-makingprogressandenhancethesolidarityamongthemembercountries.

●Wearecallingonsupporterstoshowsolidaritywiththeworkersonstrike.

Hevoicedhissolidaritywiththeweakanddefenseless.

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16.solidarity

●Collocation:

●racialsolidarity

●nationalsolidarity

●familysolidarity

●socialsolidarity

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17.accomplice

●n.onewhohelpsanotherpersondosth.illegalorwrong（ally,assistant）

●Relatedwords:

criminal,culprit,convict,suspect

●AnaccomplicemayhavehelpedtheNigerianmanaccusedoftryingtoblowupaplane.

●Themanclaimedthathewasnotanaccomplicetothemurder.

Shewasherhusband’saccompliceinmurderingaricholdman.

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18.fanatic

●1.n.onewhohasverystrongreligiousorpoliticalbeliefsthatoftenmakehimbehaveinanunreasonableway（extremist,enthusiast;freak,nut）

●Iwillneverbeafitnessfanaticlikeher.

●Heisamoviefanaticandissaidtohaveacollectionofover5000films.

●2.adj.excessivelyenthusiastic;oforlikeafanatic

●Myhusbandisfanaticaboutpolitics.

Thecompanyisfanaticaboutexceedingcustomerexpectations.

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19.bringdown

●1）causetofall（overthrow,shoot,topple）

●Theythreatenedtobringdownthegovernmentbylaunchingacoup.

●ThePresidentdecidedtobringdownthesatellitebecausethechemicalsaboardcouldendangerpopulatedareas.

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19.bringdown

●2）reducetoalowerlevel

●Youshouldbringdownyourbloodpressuretoasafelevel.

●Thereductioninthepriceofcrudeoilhasbroughtdownthepriceofgasoline.

●Collocation:

bringabout；bringforward；bringup

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20.grief

●n.extremesadness（mourning,sorrow,distress）

●Katewritesofhergriefatthepassingofheronlychild.

MillionsoffansallovertheworldexpressedgreatgriefonthedeathofMichaelJackson,KingofPop.

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21.revolve

●v.（causeto）turnaroundacentralpoint（rotate,goround,orbit）

●Thewheelsarerevolvingslowly.

●Shefeltasthoughhe’dstuckaknifeinherheartandstartedtorevolveit.

ThemoonrevolvesaroundtheEarthinaboutonemonth.

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22.mourn

●v.feelandshowsadness（for/oversb./sth.）becauseofthelossofsb./sth.

●Russiaisholdingadayofmourningforthe113peoplekilledinanightclubfire.

Thewholenationmournsthepassingofitsgreatestscientistandeducator.

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Compare:

grieve,mourn&sorrow

●都有“悲伤”、“悲痛”、“悲哀”之意。

●grieve通常指因死亡、损失或失败等所造成的内心痛苦。

可以是公开表达的，也可以是压抑于内心的。

●mourn含义与grieve很相近，但为正式用词，强调一段时间内特别是丧事期间的深切感情。

sorrow语气较弱，指对一般损失所表达的较为轻微的悲痛或遗憾。

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Compare:

grieve,mourn&sorrow

●Directions:

Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.

●1.Thewholenation____overthedeathoftheveteranstatesman.

●2.She____atthemistakeshehadmade.

●3.Ifeeldeeply____atyourmisfortune.

4.She____outwithtears.

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Compare:

grieve,mourn&sorrow

●1.Thewholenation（mourned）overthedeathoftheveteranstatesman.

●2.She（sorrowed）atthemistakeshehadmade.

●3.Ifeeldeeply（grieved）atyourmisfortune.

●4.She（sorrowed）outwithtears.

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23.perish

●perish:

vi.（fml）die,especiallyinasuddenviolentway

●Nearly70,000peopleperishedintheearthquakethathitSichu