全国职称英语等级考试.docx

全国职称英语等级考试.docx

《全国职称英语等级考试.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《全国职称英语等级考试.docx（16页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

全国职称英语等级考试

2008年全国职称英语等级考试

卫生类（A级）试题

第1部分：

词汇选项（第1～15题，每题l分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1　Withimmenserelief,Istoppedrunning.

Asome　B　enormousC　little　　　Dextensive

2　Thescientistsbegantoaccumulatedata.

A　collectB　handle　C　analyze　　Dinvestigate

3　Jackeventuallyovertookthelasttruck.

A　h-l　B　passed　C　reachedDled

4　Sometimesitisadvisabletobookhotelsinadvance.

ApossibleB　profitableC　easyDwise

5　Thereasonfortheirunusualbehaviorremainsapuzzle.

A　factB　mysteryC　statementDgame

6　Thatguyisreallywitty.

A　smartB　uglyC　honorableDpopular

7　Theworldchampion,sufferedasensationaldefeat.

A　reasonableB　dramaticC　humiliatingDhorrifying

8　ItseemsthatonlyMaryiseligibleforthejob.

A　preparedB　trainedC　qualified　Dguided

9　ThispoemdepictsthebeautifulsceneryofatownintheSouth.

A　praisesB　writesC　imitatesDdescribes

10Themeaningisstillobscure.

A　vagueB　transparentC　alienDsignificant

11Dumpedwastemightcontaminatewatersupplies.

A　destroyB　decreaseC　delayDpollute

12ＯnetheorypostulatesthattheancientFilipinoscamefromIndiaandPersia.

A　assumesB　expectsC　predictsDconsiders

13Itisverydifficultforachildtoadheretorules.

A　rememberB　followC　understandDlearn

14Ihopethatldidn’tdoanythingabsurdlastnight.

A　awkwardB　strangeC　stupidDawful

15Thereshouldbelawsthatprohibitsmokingaroundchildren.

A　forbidB　advocateC　inheritDwithdraw

第2部分：

阅读判断（第16～22题,每题l分,共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

SleepProblemsPlaguetheOlderSet

　　OlderAmericansoftenhavedifficultygettingagoodnight’srest.It'sahugequality-of—lifeproblem,expertssay,becausecontrarytopopularbelief,seniorsrequireaboutthesameamountofsleepasyoungeradults.

　　"Sleepproblemsandsleepdisordersarenotaninherent（固有的）partofaging,"saidDr.HarrisonG.Bloom,anassociateclinicalprofessorofgeriatrics（老年病学）andmedicineattheMountSinaiSchoolofMedicineinNewYorkCity."It'sprettymuchofamyththatolderpeopleneedlesssleepthanyoungerpeople."

　　Yet,inastudypublishedrecentlyinTheAmericanJournalofMedicine,researchersfoundthatmorethanhalfofolderAmericanshaveproblemsgettingthesleeptheyneed.

　　Olderpeopletendtohave"sleepfragmentation."meaningtheywakeupmoreoftenduringthenight,saidstudyauthorDr.JulieGammack,anassistantprofessorofmedicineintheDivisionofGeriatricMedicineatSt.LouisUniversity.

　　Theyalsoseemtogetless"REM"sleep,thetypeofsleepduringwhichrapideyemovementoccurs,Bloomadded.

　　It'sunclearwhatrolethesenaturallyoccurringchangesinsleeppatternshaveonaperson’squalityoflife,Bloomsaid."Whatisimportant,though,isthatolderpeopleoftenhaveactualsleepdisordersandproblemswithsleep."hesaid.

And,expertssay,thereisusuallymorethanonecause.

　　"Sleeptroubleinolderadultsistypicallyassociatedwithacuteandchronicillnesses.includingspecificsleepdisorderslikesleepapnea（呼吸暂停）andrestlesslegsyndromethatappearwithgreaterfrequencyinolderpopulations,"saidMichaelV.Vitiello,aprofessorofpsychiatryandbehavioralsciencesandassociatedirectoroftheUniversityofWashington'sNorthwestGeriatricEducationCenter.

Takingmultiplemedications,asmanyolderpeopledo,canalsoleadtofatigueand"hypersomnia,"orbeingtiredallthetime,Bloomadded.

Anotherbigproblem,henoted,isdepressionandanxiety."Thoseareverycommonlyassociatedwithsleepproblems."

Despitetheprevalence（流行）ofsleepdifficultiesinolderadults,manypatientsaren'tgettingthehelptheyneed.Asaresult,problemslikeinsomnia（失眠）,restlesslegsyndromeandsleepapneaareunder-diagnosedandundertreated.Bloomsaid.

16　Sleepproblemscanseriouslyaffectone’squalityoflife.

ARightB　WrongCNotmentioned

17　Itistruethatolderpeopleneedlesssleepthanyoungerpeople.

ARightB　WrongCNotmentioned

18　YoungerpeopleinAmericaseldomcomplainofsleepdisorders.

ARightB　WrongCNotmentioned

19ThenumberofolderAmericanswithsleepproblemsisnotsmall.

ARightB　WrongCNotmentioned

20〝Sleepfragmentation〞referstoamarkedlackof〝REM〞sleep.

ARightB　WrongCNotmentioned

21Thecausesofsleepproblemsinolderpeopleremainunidentified.

ARightB　WrongCNotmentioned

22ActionswillsoonbetakeninAmericatobetterhelppeoplewithsleepproblems：

ARightB　WrongCNotmentioned

第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题,每题l分,共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第l～4段每段选择1个最佳标题；

（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

DepressionandtheElderly

1Weallfeelsadattimes.However,clinicaldepressionisaseriousmatter.Clinicaldepressionsometimescalledmajordepression,isabiologicallybasedbraindisorderthataffectsone’sthoughts,feelings,behavior,andphysicalhealth.WhenpeoplecomplainthattheyfeelterribletheyhavenoInterestortakenopleasureinthings,havetroublesleeping,lackenergy,havepoorappetite,orcannotconcentrate,depressionisadefinitepossibility.

2Depressioninitsmanyformsaffectsmorethan6.5millionofthe35millionAmericanswhoare65yearsorolder.Mostolderpeoplewithdepressionhavebeensufferingfromepisodes（发作）oftheillnessduringmuchoftheirlives.Forothers,depressionhasafirstonset（起病）inlatelife-evenforthoseintheir80sand90s.Depressioninolderpersonsiscloselyassociatedwithdependencyanddisabilityandcausesgreatsufferingfortheindividualandthefamily.

3Manyolderpeopleandtheirfamiliesdon'trecognizethesymptomsofdepression,aren’tawarethatitisamedicalillness,anddon'tknowhowitistreated.Othersmaymistakethesymptomsofdepressionassignsofdementia（痴呆）.Also,manyolderpeoplethinkthatdepressionisacharacterflaw（缺陷）andareworriedaboutbeingstigmatized（给…带来耻辱）,sotheyblamethemselvesfortheirillnessandaretooashamed（羞耻的）togethelp.Othersworrythattreatmentwouldbetoocostly.

4Olderpersonswithdepressionrarelyseektreatmentfortheillness.Unrecognizedanduntreateddepressionhasfatalconsequencesintermsofbothsuicideandnon—suicidemortality（死亡率）.ThehighestrateofsuicideintheUSisamongolderwhitemen.Depressionisthesinglemostsignificantriskfactorforsuicideinthatpopulation.Tragically,manyofthosepeoplewhogoontocommitsuicidehavereachedoutforhelp-20％seeadoctorthedaytheydie.40％theweektheydie。

and70％inthemonththeydie.Yetdepressionisfrequentlymissed.

23　Paragraphl　　　　

24　Paragraph2　　　　

25　Paragraph3　　　　

26　Paragraph4　　　　

AHowcommonisdepressioninlaterlife?

BWhatisdepression?

CWhatrelievesdepressioninolderpeople?

DWhydoesdepressioninolderpeopleoftengountreated?

ECandepressioninolderpeoplebetreated?

FWhataretheconsequencesofuntreateddepressioninolderpeople?

27　Clinicaldepressionisdifferentfrom　　　　.

28　Depressioninolderpeopleisstronglylinkedwith　　　　.

29　Depressionisregardedbymanyolderpeopleas　　　　.

30　Manyolderpeoplecommitsuicideasaresultof　　　　.

A　acharacterflaw

B　normalsadnessandgrief

C　adefinitepossibility

D　dependency；anddisability

E　asignificantriskfactor

F　unrecognizedanduntreateddepression

第4部分：

阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

　　第一篇

CentersoftheGreatEuropeanCities

ThecentersofthegreatcitiesofEuropearemeetingplacesbytradition.Peoplegathertheretodrinkcoffeeandchatlateintothenight.Amixtureoflocalsandtouristsmakeforanexciting,metropolitanatmosphere.

Squares,plazas（广场）andarcades（拱廊）formtheheartofEurope'scities.

VeniceinItalyhasthePiazzaSanMarco-abeautifulsquaresurroundedbyshops,ChurchesrestaurantsandcafesinBarcelona.Spain.LaBosqueriaisalivelymarketwithhundredsofstallssellingallkindsofgoods.London’sCoventGardenisfilledwithfruitandvegetablestallsbydayandmusicians,acrobats（杂技演员）andartistsbynight.Thegovernmentbuildingsatthecenterofmanycitiesoftenarearchitecturallyimpressive.InLondon,theyserveasabeautifulbackdrop（背景）tothecoffeetablesthatlinethestreetsandthebanksoftheThames.

Thesevibrant（有活力的）heartsaretheproductofcenturiesofevolution,SocialhistorianJoelGarreautoldUSNewsandWorldReportrecently,"ThereasonpeoplethinkVeniceissogreattodayisyoudon'tseeallthemistakes."saidGarreau,"Thosehaveallbeenremoved."MostEuropeancitieswerelaidoutbeforetheinventionofthecar,sobars,restaurantsandcafeswereneartopeople’shomes.TodaythefocusofmanyEuropeans'lifehasmovedawayfromthecenters.Theyliveinthesuburbsandoutskirtsdrivingtosupermarketstogettheirsupplies.Butonacontinentwherepeopletreasureconvention,therearestillthosewhoholdontotraditionalways,livingandshoppinglocally.Thesepeople,togetherwithtourists,providethecitycenterswiththeirreasonforexistence.

Coffeecultureplaysapartinkeepingthesecitycentersflourishing.ThisisparticularlytrueofPariswhosecitizensarefamousenthusiasticconversationalists.Thisskillisdevelopedovermanyhoursspentchattingoverespressos（浓咖啡）andcigarettes.

Religionalsoplaysaroleindevelopingsociableatmosphere.PeopleinRomanCatholiccountriesusedtovisittheChurchonanalmostdailybasis.Entirecommunitieswouldgatherinthesamebuildingandthenmoveouttothemarkets,cafésandbarsinthesurroundingstreets.Anenormousexampleofthisrelationshipbetweenchurcha