英语四级图表+图画作文讲解及参考范文文档格式.docx
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5）检查与修改。
三、图表作文的篇章结构
写图表作文时，常采用三段式的陈述方式。
文章的第一段往往分析图表中的数据变化反映什么问题或趋势，概述图表所揭示的信息。
第二段分析造成这一问题或趋势的原因。
第三段则展望未来的情况或提出解决问题的办法或建议。
这一结构可以简单地表述为：
第一段：
概述图表反映的主题思想（总趋势+极端值+特点，时态）
第二段：
分析产生的原因
第三段：
展望未来或提出方法或建议
模板一
①总的趋势 ②图表具体描述 ③剖析图表所揭示的含义
④理由一⑤理由二⑥理由三⑦理由四⑧总结⑨前景预测
Ascanbeseenfromthetable,thepastdecadehaswitnesseddramaticchangesin①______.
While②_______.Itisobviousfromthetablethat③_________.
Whatcontributedtothesechanges?
Ithinkthereasonsareasfollows.Tostartwith,④______.Secondly,⑤______.What’smore,⑥_______.Lastbutnotlease,⑦________.
Inconclusion,⑧_________.Moreover,⑨________.
模板二
①描述图表②分三方面解释原因③下结论
1）Duringtheperiodfrom_______to_______,________rosefrom________to_______,while_______decreasedfrom_______to_______.
2）Webelievethatthreereasonscanaccountforthisphenomenon.First,____.Second,____.Third,_____.
3）___.Wearehappytoseethatthingsarebecomingbetterandbetternowadays.Wecanimaginethat___.
模板三
①描述图表②解释图表③补充解释
1）Duringtheperiodbetween_______and________,________declinedabruptlyfrom_______to________,while________increasedsharplyfrom________to_______.
2）Severalreasonscanaccountforthisphenomenon.Comparedwith_________ismuchcheaperandmoreconvenient__________.Apartfromthat,_________.
3）However,therearestillanumberofpeoplewho_________,generallyfortworeasons.Ontheonehand,________.Ontheotherhand,________.
1.图表类型：
table表格;
chart图表;
diagram图表或图解，示意图;
graph图表,曲线图;
column/barchart柱状图;
piegraph饼图
2.描述：
show;
describe;
illustrate;
canbeseenfrom;
clear;
apparent;
reveal显示;
represent表现,描绘
3.内容：
figure数字;
statistic统计值;
statistics[用作复]统计,统计数字[资料],统计表number;
percentage;
proportion
●表示数据
上升：
increase,rise,ascend,core,surge,goup,climb,mount,levelup
下降:
decrease,fall,drop,descend,decline,reduce,lessen,level,down
平稳:
stable,steady,remainsteady/stable;
/maintain/keep/bethesameas/similarto;
little/hardlyany/nochange
波动:
fluctuate,fluctuation,riseandfalls,upanddown
占:
occupy，takeup，accountfor,gain
而:
while,however,whereas,ontheotherhand,actually/infact
相比:
bycontract,onthecontrary,likewise,comparedwith
最高点:
thehighest,thetop,thesummit,thepeak,themost
最低点:
bottom,less,least,rockbottom最低点
例句Priceshavehitrockbottom.价格已达最低水平
平均:
mean平均值,average
趋势:
tendency,trend,inclination
预见:
prediction
达到顶峰:
mountto
比例：
20percent,20%
oneinthree,1/3
oneoutofeveryfour，1/4
有一个稳定的过程:
astableperiodcanbeseen
表示变化程度的词：
sudden/suddenly突然的，意外的
rapid/rapidly迅速的，飞快的，险峻的
dramatic/dramatically戏剧性的，生动的
significant/significantly有意义的，重大的，重要的
sharp/sharply明显的，急剧的
steep/steeply急剧升降的
steady/steadily稳固的，坚定不移的
gradual/gradually渐进的，逐渐的
slow/slowly缓慢的，不活跃的
slight/slightly轻微的、略微地
stable/stably稳定的
表示范围：
from…to…between…and…for…to…多长时间直到
表示程度：
almostadv.几乎，差不多
nearlyadv.几乎，密切地
approximatelyadv.近似的，大约
justover刚超过
exactlyadv.正确地，严密地
preciselyadv.正好精确地；
清晰地
●常用词和短语
significantchanges图中一些较大变化
noticeabletrend明显趋势
duringthesameperiod在同一时期
grow/grew增长
distribute分布，区别
unequally不相等地
pronounced明显的
average平均
nodoubt无疑地
correspondingadj.相应的，通讯的
representvt.阐述，表现
overall体上讲
except除外
inthecaseofadv.在…的情况下
incontrast相反，大不相同
inconclusionadv.最后，总之
incomparison相比之下
inverselyadv.相反地，倒转地
ingeneral通常，大体上，一般而言
rangfrom…to从…到…不等
excessiveadj.过多的，过分的，额外
lowerv.降低，跌落
elapsevi.（时间）过去，消逝
categoryn.种类
governmentpolicy政府政策
marketforces市场规律
measuren.尺寸，方法，措施v.估量，调节
forecastn.先见，预见
四、图表作文常用的句型
（1）常用的开篇句型（即概述图表内容时常用的表达法）
①Accordingtothetable/piechart/linegraph/bargraph,wecansee/concludethat…根据该表/图，我们可知……
②Thetable/graphreveals（shows/indicates/illustrates/represents/pointsout）that…该表/图表明……
③Aswecanseefromthetable…
Ascanbeseenfromtheline/bargraph…
Asisshown（illustrated/indicated）inthepiechart…
如表/图所示，……
（2）描述增减变化常用的句型
①Comparedwith…isstillincreasedby…
②Thenumberof…grew/rosefrom…to…
③Anincreaseisshownin…;
thencameasharpincreaseof…
④In…thenumberremainsthesame/dropsto…
⑤Therewasaveryslight（small/slow/gradual）rise/increasein1990.
⑥Therewasaverysteady（marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/dramatic）drop（decrease/decline/fall/reduction）in1998/comparedwiththatoflastyear）.
来看一篇范文：
⑴Fromthegraph,wecanseethatthenumberofcaraccidentsinWaltoncityfluctuatedduringtheyearof1990.⑵Thefirsttwomonthsof1990showedanincreasingtrend.⑶Therateroseto32inMarchbutfellto26inJune.⑷FromJuneon,theratewasrisingagainandreachedthepeakpoint39inAugust.⑸AfterAugusttheratebegantodeclineremarkably,andeventuallydroppedtothelowestpoint16attheendoftheyear.⑹Therefore,it’sobviousthatcaraccidentinWaltoncitydeclinedin1990.⑴主题句/概述表格反映的内容⑵—（5）反映交通事故的变化情况（6）小结：
总结表格数据反映的总趋势
⑺Thereareseveralreasonsforthedecline.⑻First,anewtrafficlawwasmadeandcameintoforce.⑼Itprovidedthatinsummereverycarmustbeair-conditioned.⑽Asaresult,thehighestrateinAugust,whenhumidityandhightemperaturemakedriversimpatientandeasilyleadtocaraccidents,droppedsteadily.⑾Second,newroadswerebuiltandsomenarrowstreetswerewidened,whichquickenedtheflowoftraffic.⑿Finally,thecityadministrationmadegreateffortstoheightenpeople’sawarenessofobservingtrafficrules.⑺主题句⑻原因/措施一⑼解释措施一/次要辅助⑽采取措施一后的结果⑾原因/措施二⑿原因/措施三
⒀Withallthesenewmeasures,I’msuretherateofcaraccidentsinWaltoncitywillgoonfallingthisyear.⒀总结：
展望未来的情况
第二节图表作文样题与样文举例
样题一：
Directions:
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicHowPeopleSpendTheirHolidays.Youshouldwriteatleast120words,andbaseyourcompositiononthetableandtheoutlinegivenbelow:
1、根据上表，简要描述1990年、1995年、2000年某城市人们度假方式的情况及其变化；
2、请说明发生这些变化的原因；
3、得出结论。
HowPeopleSpendTheirHolidays
Asisclearlyshowninthetablethattherewasadramaticchangeinthewaypeoplespenttheirholidaysbetween1990and2000.Especially,in1990,63%ofpeoplespenttheirholidaysathome,whilethefiguredecreasedconsiderablyto24%in2000.Therearethreereasonsforthisphenomenon.
Tobeginwith,withthedevelopmentofmarket-orientedeconomy,peopleearnbyfarmoremoneythantheyusedto,makingitpossibleforthemtoaffordtravelingexpenses.Inaddition,peoplerealizetheimportanceofgettingwell-informedabouttheoutsideworldinthismoderneratodeveloptheirpotential.Forexample,atravelermayencounterortalkwithsomeoneofadifferentculturalbackgroundsoastobroadenhisvision.Lastbutnotleast,bytravelingoutside,peopleareclosetonature,whichisnotonlybeneficialtoboththeirhealthandpeaceofmind.Inshort,moreandmorepeopletaketheoccasionofholidaytotraveloutsideandrelaxthemselves.
AsfarasIamconcerned,Iprefertogotravelinginsteadofstayingathomeduringholidays.Ontheonehand,Ilovemeetingdifferentpeopleandtakeinsomefreshideas.Ontheotherhand,itisagreedthattheworldisbecomingaglobalvillage.Noonecouldconfinehimselfwithinhissmallcircleoffamiliesorrelatives.Inbrief,Ihavebenefitedalotandwillbenefitmorefromtravelingduringtheholidays.
点评：
该篇作文属图表作文，命题思路与四级真题图表作文一致，仿真度高。
本预测题关于人们旅游度假方式的变化，也是社会热点话题，2006年1月就考过名校校园该不该成为旅游景点话题；
2004年6月也是关于旅游景点的介绍。
样题二：
ThePursuitofAMaster’sDegree
a.根据下图描述某校毕业生毕业意向的变化
b.分析选择读研的毕业生数目增加的原因
c.说明选择读研对个人和社会产生的影响
Itisillustratedinthepiechartsthatgraduates’choicesaftergraduationhaveexperiencedmuchchange.Thenumberofstudentschoosingtopursueamaster’sdegreeandstudyabroadgrowsseveraltimesoverthedecade.
Thereasonsoftheincreasingnumberofstudentspursuingamaster’sdegreeareasfollows.First,withthenumberofcollegegraduatesgrowingeachyear,thesituationinthejobmarketisgettingtighterandtighter.Thepublicawarenessofthesituationhascreatedasurgeofinterestinseekingamaster’sdegree.Secondly,manycross-nationalcompaniessetamuchhigherstandardfornewrecruitsthanever.Itseemsthatthehighereducationyouhave,thehighersalaryyoumayreceive.
Choosingtostudyformaster’sdegreewillbenefittheindividualsandthewholesocietyaswell.ThequalityofChineseintellectualswillbeconsiderablyenhanced,whichinturnwillboosttheprogressofthewholesociety.
样题三：
Direction:
Forthispartyouareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:
CellPhones.Youshouldwritenolessthan120wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheoutli
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