论《傲慢与偏见》中的爱情观和婚姻观.docx

论《傲慢与偏见》中的爱情观和婚姻观.docx

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论《傲慢与偏见》中的爱情观和婚姻观

Abstract

PrideandPrejudiceisoneofthegreatworksofEngland’sgreatwriter,JaneAusten.Inthiswork,JaneAustendescribesfourdifferentmarriagesinPrideandPrejudice.ThroughtheanalysisonfourmarriagesinPrideandPrejudice,thisdissertationdiscussesdifferentconceptsofloveandmarriageoffourdifferentmarriagesandanalysestheviewsaboutloveandmarriageofJaneAusten.Therearefourdifferentmarriageswithdifferentconceptsofloveandmarriage,anddifferentroleshavedifferentideasaboutloveandmarriage.InPrideandPrejudice,Somepeoplejustwanttohavepower,statusandwealth,andothersonlylookfortruelove.Butpeopleneedtoconsidertheimportanceandcrueltyofrealityinmarriage.Realityisruthless,peopleshouldhaveclearideasaboutloveandmarriage,anddon’tbefooledbyfalseandunrealthings.Thetrueloveisthefoundationofahappymarriage;ifpeopleaskfortoomuchonpower,statusandwealth,theycannothavetruehappinessonloveandmarriage.

Keywords:

JaneAusten;PrideandPrejudice;conceptofloveandmarriage

摘要

《傲慢与偏见》是英国著名女作家简·奥斯汀的一部伟大著作。

它以男女主人公的爱情纠葛为主线，描写四段不同的婚姻，展示了当时社会爱情和婚姻的状况。

本文旨在分析四组人物的爱情观与婚姻观，并探讨简·奥斯汀的爱情观和婚姻观。

四组不同的婚姻及不同的人物向读者展现了不同的恋爱观和婚姻观。

在《傲慢与偏见》中，有人只是为了追求地位，权利和财富而结合，也有人只是为了追寻真爱。

但是，人们要考虑到现实社会的残酷性。

人们应对爱情观与婚姻观有清楚的认识，不要被虚伪和假情假意所蒙蔽。

真正的爱情与婚姻应基于真爱；过多的追求权利，地位与金钱的爱情与婚姻是不幸福的。

关键词：

简·奥斯汀；《傲慢与偏见》；爱情观与婚姻观

TableofContents

Abstracti

摘要ii

1.Introduction1

2.TheIntroductiontoJaneAustenandPrideandPrejudice2

2.1TheintroductiontoJaneAusten2

2.2TheintroductiontoPrideandPrejudice2

3.TheConceptofLoveandMarriageintheSocietyandtheFourMarriages3

3.1TheconceptofLoveandMarriageintheSociety3

3.2ThefourmarriagesinPrideandPrejudice3

3.2.1JaneandMr.Bingley’smarriage3

3.2.2LydiaandWickham'smarriage3

3.2.3CharlotteandCollins'smarriage4

3.2.4ElizabethandDarcy'smarriage4

4.TheDifferentUnderstandingaboutLoveandMarriageinPrideandPrejudice6

4.1Thecombinationbasedonloveandsimilarinterests6

4.2Thecombinationbasedonvanityandcarelessness6

4.3Thecombinationbasedonmoney7

4.4Thecombinationbasedontruelove7

5.TheInspirationaboutLoveandMarriagefromPrideandPrejudice9

5.1JaneAusten'sconceptaboutloveandmarriage9

5.2Theconceptofloveandmarriageinmodernsociety9

6.Conclusion11

References12

Acknowledgements13

1.Introduction

Inasense,PrideandPrejudiceisthestoryoftwocourtships–thosebetweenDarcyandElizabethandbetweenBingleyandJane.Withinthisbroadstructureappearother,smallercourtships:

Mr.Collins’sabortedwooingofElizabeth,followedbyhissuccessfulwooingofCharlotteLucas;Wickham’spursuitfirstofElizabeth,themofthenever-seenMissKing,andfinallyofLydia.Courtshipthereforetakesonaprofound,ofoftenunspoken,importanceinthenovel.Marriageistheultimategoal;courtshipconstitutestherealworking-outoflove.Courtshipbecomesasortofforgeofaperson’spersonality,andeachcourtshipbecomesamicrocosmfordifferentsortsoflove（ordifferentwaystoabuseloveasameanstosocialadvancement）.

ThroughtheDarcy-ElizabethandBingley-Janemarriages,Austenshowsthepowerofloveandhappinesstoovercomeclassboundariesandprejudices,therebyimplyingthatsuchprejudicesarehollow,unfeeling,andunproductive.“JaneAustenthinksthatmarriagewillnotbehappywithoutlove.Thehappymarriageshouldbebasedonthemutualrespect,mutualadmiration”（Zhong,2010:

8）.Ofcourse,thiswholediscussionofclassmustbemadewiththeunderstandingthatAustenherselfisoftencriticizedasbeingaclassist:

shedoesn’treallyrepresentanyonefromthelowerclasses;thoseservantssheportraysaregenerallyhappywiththeirlot.Austendoescriticizeclassstructurebutonlyalimitedsliceofthatstructure.“Therationalandrealisticfeaturesofherlovestoriesarealsoanimportantpartinattractingherreaders’attentionandinterest”（Ye,2010:

12）.JaneAustensetsElizabethandJaneasexamplesforthegirlswhowanttobehappy.

BritishfemalewriterVirginiaWoolfoncesaidthat:

“Amongallthegreatestwriters,JaneAustenisthemostdifficultonetobecapturedinthegreatmoments”（VirginiaWoolf,1927:

35）.TheAmericanpsychologistDr.ArnoldA.Lazarusstressesthat,“happymarriageisbasedonsimilarity,notdifference”（Dr.Arnold,1978:

26）.Andpeople’smarriageisbasedonsocialstatusandproperty.AsZhuHongsays:

“theessenceofmarriage（atthattime）ismoneydealingandbeneficialintegration”（Zhu,1985:

45）.InLordDavidCecil’sview:

“Conflictarisesbetweendissimilarcharacters,andthedeepestattachmentsarebasedoncharacters’similarityoraffinityasexpressionsofthesamespiritualprinciple”（Cecil,1959:

146）.Educationbackground,possessions,remainthemainreasonthatmayinfluenceone’smarriage.InPrideandPrejudice,therearemarriagesbasedonvanity,carelessnessandwealth,weshouldnotbecontrolledbytheseshortagesintherealsociety,butkeepourownfaithsandfeelings.

Theconceptofloveandmarriageinthisnovelgivesinspirationtoreaders.Thecombinationbasedonmoney,socialstatusandpowerisfalseandunreal.ThisdissertationanalysesfourmarriagesinPrideandPrejudice,anddiscussesdifferentconceptofloveandmarriage.

2.TheIntroductiontoJaneAustenandPrideandPrejudice

2.1TheIntroductiontoJaneAusten

JaneAusten（1775-1817）wasborninHampshire,acountrypriestfamilylocatedinHants,thevillageofKingston,SidemeninnorthEngland.Hersixnovels－SenseandSensibility,PrideandPrejudice,NorthangerAbbey,ManshifeierdeManor,Emma,Persuasionalldescribemorethanmarriage.

DuringAusten’slife,however,onlyherimmediatefamilyknewofherauthorshipofthesenovels.Atonepoint,shewrotebehindadoorthatcreakedwhenvisitorsapproached;thiswarningallowedhertohidemanuscriptsbeforeanyonecouldenter.Thoughpublishinganonymouslypreventedherfromacquiringanauthorialreputation,italsoenabledhertopreserveherprivacyatatimewhenEnglishsocietyassociatedafemale’sentranceintothepublicspherewithareprehensiblelossoffemininity.Additionally,Austenmayhavesoughtanonymitybecauseofthemoregeneralatmosphereofrepressionpervadingherera.

ThesocialmilieuofAusten’sRegencyEnglandwasparticularlystratified,andclassdivisionswererootedinfamilyconnectionsandwealth.InPrideandPrejudice,AusteniscriticaloftheassumptionsandprejudicesofupperclassEngland.Shedistinguishesbetweeninternalmerit（goodnessofperson）andexternalmerit（rankandpossessions）,justlikeMr.Darcy.Thoughshefrequentlysatirizessnobs,shealsopokesfunatthepoorbreedingandmisbehaviorofthoseloweronthesocialscale,justlikeMr.Collins.Nevertheless,Austenwasinmanywaysarealist,andtheEnglandshedepictsisoneinwhichsocialmobilityislimitedandclass-consciousnessisstrong.“Hersuccessisduetoherunrivalledcreationofplausiblecharactersandtheiridiolects,hermeldingofemotionalanalysisandpsychologicalacuitywithsocialsatireandcomedy”（JanetTodd,2006:

132）.

2.2TheIntroductiontoPrideandPrejudice

Asinanygoodlovestory,thelovers,DarcyandElizabethmusteludeandovercomenumerousstumblingblocks.Austen,meanwhile,posescountlesssmallerobstaclestotherealizationofthelovebetweenElizabethandDarcy.ThroughtheDarcy-ElizabethandBingley-Janemarriages,Austenshowsthepowerofloveandhappinesstoovercomeclassboundariesandprejudices,therebyimplyingthatsuchprejudicesarehollow,unfeeling,andunproductive.

PrideandPrejudicedepictsasocietyinwhichawoman’sreputationisoftheutmostimportance.Awomanisexpectedtobehaveincertainways.Steppingoutsidethesocialnormsmakeshervulnerabletoostracism.

Inthe19thcentury,womenhavenorealrightsandfreedomtochooseanddowhattheywant.“Thecentrallifeofwomenwasforcedtobestayingathome;theirrolesweretodealwiththefamilyaffairs,suchastakingcareofthechildrenandservingforthehusband”（ZhuHong,1995:

34）.Althoughmanywomendreamofbeautifulandromanticloveandmarriage,therealityforcesthemtogiveupandobeytherealsociety.

3.TheConceptofLoveandMarriageintheSocietyandtheFourMarriages

3.1TheConceptofLoveandMarriageintheSociety

JaneAusten（1813:

1）,“Itisatruthuniversallyacknowledgedthatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortunemustbeinwantofawife.”Thissentencealsooffersaminiaturesketchoftheentireplot,whichconcernsitselfwiththepursuitof“singlemeninpossessionofagoodfortune”byvariousfemalecharacters.Thepreoccupationwithsociallyadvantageousmarriageinnineteenth-centuryEnglishsocietymanifestsitselfhere,forinclaimingthatasingleman“mustbeinwantofawife,”thenarratorrevealsthatthereverseisalsotrue:

asinglewoman,whosesociallyprescribedoptionsarequitelimited,isin（perhapsdesperate）wantofahusband.“TheclassdistinctioninBritain,theeconomicrelationshipsandevenwomen’sstatusareexposedthroughthecharacters’prudentchoiceinfindingamate”（Liu,2010:

18）.

InPrideandPrejudice,JaneAustendealswithacomparativelyaffluentsociety.“Thelovemakingofheryoungpeople,thoughseriousandsympathetic,issubduedbyhumortotheordinaryplaneofemotionofwhichmostofuslive”（Wu,1998:

118）.Inthisnovel,Austenexplicatesclearlythetruenatureofmarriageoftheupperclass—marriageoffortuneandinterests.Withthehugetopicofthenineteenthcentury,marriage,Austenshowsushowsuchthingsmatter.

3.2TheFourMarriage